Philip A. Kuhn is Francis Lee Higginson Professor of History at Harvard University. His most recent book is Soulstealers: The Chinese Sorcery Scare of 1768, winner of the Joseph Levenson Prize of the Association for Asian Studies.
What is “Chinese” about China’s modern state? This book proposes that the state we see today has developed over the past two centuries largely as a response to internal challenges emerging from the late empire. Well before the Opium War, Chinese confronted such constitutional questions as: How does the scope of political participation affect state power? How is the state to secure a share of society’s wealth? In response to the changing demands of the age, this agenda has been expressed in changing language. Yet, because the underlying pattern remains recognizable, the modernization of the state in response to foreign aggression can be studied in longer perspective.
The author offers three concrete studies to illustrate the constitutional agenda in action: how the early nineteenth-century scholar-activist Wei Yuan confronted the relation between broadened political participation and authoritarian state power; how the reformist proposals of the influential scholar Feng Guifen were received by mainstream bureaucrats during the 1898 reform movement; and how fiscal problems of the late empire formed a backdrop to agricultural collectivization in the 1950s. In each case, the author presents the “modern” constitutional solution as only the most recent answer to old Chinese questions. The book concludes by describing the transformation of the constitutional agenda over the course of the modern period.
我想孔飞力的研究和学理源头是对中国社会“建制议程”——内在发展动力的探询,其中必须处理的是中央政府权力对地方势力的管控(矛盾)和渗透,及其在不同时期的变异、政策与具体情境,而这些问题的直接线索便是税收制度,或者说,是国家税收制度在地方所遇到阻力、效用及失效...
评分我想孔飞力的研究和学理源头是对中国社会“建制议程”——内在发展动力的探询,其中必须处理的是中央政府权力对地方势力的管控(矛盾)和渗透,及其在不同时期的变异、政策与具体情境,而这些问题的直接线索便是税收制度,或者说,是国家税收制度在地方所遇到阻力、效用及失效...
评分孔飞力对中国现代国家形成的讨论基于“晚期中华帝国”的框架,而这一概念也是海外汉学圈学术积累的结果。如果说《叫魂》不断转动万花筒,折映出晚期帝制中国不同的症结和隐患,那么此书则是用一个视角更广大,理路更通贯的叙述对近现代中国的政治变迁进行整合,孔氏的思考和关...
评分 评分孔飞力(Philip Alden Kuhn)是海外汉学中“中国中心观”的代表人物。“中国中心观”滥觞于美国汉学家柯文,而孔飞力的《中国现代国家的起源》是这一立场的代表作之一。“中国中心观”所要克服的就是长期盘踞于海外汉学界的“刺激—反应”模式、“传统—现代”模式和“帝国主...
薄薄一本小册子,当然无法言明路在何方。精英与大众,国家与社会,中央和地方。建构制度的根基果然是对人性的判断。愿吾辈不负前人,薪火相传。
评分一般,味儿淡
评分boring...
评分第二遍读依然感到有启发性,下面就要研究政治参与与竞争的问题了。
评分此书的主要贡献,不在于它论证了什么,而在于它提出了值得人们思考和讨论的问题。在中国建立现代国家的核心议程,或许不只三条;但时至今日,孔飞力所提出的三个核心问题,仍然是执政者和研究者需要应对和尚未解决的大问题——无论他们的意识形态和个人背景如何,只要希望让中国富强,就必然要回答这些问题。至于书中的三个案例,与其将它们视为论据,不妨把它们理解为不同中国人回应现代国家根本议程的三种尝试,这些尝试虽然都未获成功,却对于后来者和旁观者不无启发之处。
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