圖書標籤: 社會學 經濟學 經濟史 曆史 不平等 政治社會學 社會 比較政治學
发表于2025-03-16
The Great Leveler pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2025
Are mass violence and catastrophes the only forces that can seriously decrease economic inequality? To judge by thousands of years of history, the answer is yes. Tracing the global history of inequality from the Stone Age to today, Walter Scheidel shows that inequality never dies peacefully. Periods of increased equality are usually born of carnage and disaster and are generally short-lived, disappearing with the return of peace and stability. The Great Leveler is the first book to chart the crucial role of violent shocks in reducing inequality over the full sweep of human history around the world.
Ever since humans began to farm, herd livestock, and pass on their assets to future generations, economic inequality has been a defining feature of civilization. Over thousands of years, only violent events have significantly lessened inequality. The "Four Horsemen" of leveling—mass-mobilization warfare, transformative revolutions, state collapse, and catastrophic plagues—have repeatedly destroyed the fortunes of the rich. Scheidel identifies and examines these processes, from the crises of the earliest civilizations to the cataclysmic world wars and communist revolutions of the twentieth century. Today, the violence that reduced inequality in the past seems to have diminished, and that is a good thing. But it casts serious doubt on the prospects for a more equal future.
An essential contribution to the debate about inequality, The Great Leveler provides important new insights about why inequality is so persistent—and why it is unlikely to decline anytime soon.
Walter Scheidel is the Dickason Professor in the Humanities, professor of classics and history, and a Kennedy-Grossman Fellow in Human Biology at Stanford University. The author or editor of sixteen previous books, he has published widely on premodern social and economic history, demography, and comparative history. He lives in Palo Alto, California.
這本來是一本讓人想起馬爾薩斯主義的著作,然而作者自己以一句“曆史並不決定未來”,推擋開宿命論的標簽。讀史最有意思的是看到不曾看到過的關聯,比如在全民動員戰爭與民主製度的推廣之間,再次印證隱秘均衡的廣泛存在——要提防那些美好願望將帶來什麼不可預知的後果。
評分隻有災難纔能減少不平等
評分隻有災難纔能減少不平等
評分材料很好,邏輯結構搭擰瞭,缺少理論挖掘,人口壓力的基礎性作用也沒有放對位置。
評分促使社會平等的四股力量:戰爭、革命、滅國、瘟疫。導緻社會不平等加劇的力量:社會穩定。
平衡器是什么?就是战争及瘟疫,特别是大规模的战争,如一战、二战;大规模长时间的战争,高动员率,促成社会平等观念及政府干预、税率、工会、集体协商等制度的出现;同时战争也不利于财富的积累,这个促进了平等。大规模的瘟疫,减少了劳动力,使劳动力相对于土地升值,促进...
評分 評分平衡器是什么?就是战争及瘟疫,特别是大规模的战争,如一战、二战;大规模长时间的战争,高动员率,促成社会平等观念及政府干预、税率、工会、集体协商等制度的出现;同时战争也不利于财富的积累,这个促进了平等。大规模的瘟疫,减少了劳动力,使劳动力相对于土地升值,促进...
評分 評分这就是中国顶尖大学武汉大学的教授翻译的水平吗?真是毫无诚心,完全是应付差事。不值得购买,浪费钱。看看能否找到原版吧。 出版社拿到手也不再看一遍吗?毫无职业素养。 整本书除了序言,正文我猜都是机翻的。毕竟序言一般都是能让大家提前看到的,至于正文的话,反正买了才...
The Great Leveler pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2025