圖書標籤: 新清史 海外中國研究 清史 曆史 滿族 歐立德 明清史 滿洲
发表于2024-11-25
The Manchu Way pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024
In 1644, the Manchus, a relatively unknown people inhabiting China’s rude northeastern frontier, overthrew the Ming, Asia’s mightiest rulers, and established the Qing dynasty, which endured to 1912. From this event arises one of Chinese history’s great conundrums: How did a barely literate alien people manage to remain in power for nearly 300 years over a highly cultured population that was vastly superior in number? This problem has fascinated scholars for almost a century, but until now no one has approached the question from the Manchu point of view.
This book, the first in any language to be based mainly on Manchu documents, supplies a radically new perspective on the formative period of the modern Chinese nation. Drawing on recent critical notions of ethnicity, the author explores the evolution of the “Eight Banners,” a unique Manchu system of social and military organization that was instrumental in the conquest of the Ming.
The author argues that as rulers of China the Manchu conquerors had to behave like Confucian monarchs, but that as a non-Han minority they faced other, more complex considerations as well. Their power derived not only from the acceptance of orthodox Chinese notions of legitimacy, but also, the author suggests, from Manchu “ethnic sovereignty,” which depended on the sustained coherence of the conquerors.
When, in the early 1700s, this coherence was threatened by rapid acculturation and the prospective loss of Manchu distinctiveness, the Qing court, always insecure, desperately urged its minions to uphold the traditions of an idealized “Manchu Way.” However, the author shows that it was not this appeal but rather the articulation of a broader identity grounded in the realities of Eight Banner life that succeeded in preserving Manchu ethnicity, and the Qing dynasty along with it, into the twentieth century.
一個很妙的point被一群也很妙的小point所環繞。一路問題殺下去,分析得很深。
評分侍衛製度方麵相當多低級錯誤啊……
評分introduction and conclusion
評分很多靈感和意識源於人類學,尤其族群概念翻炒較晦澀。一些話確實偏頗或要商榷(如滿人有無在過往研究中被徹底忽視,一說漢化就說徹底漢化,清史滿史是否從未被閤寫過),但抓隻言片語推論歐氏說滿清不是中國一部分則太過誅心。歐氏筆下八旗製度既是政治上維係滿族族群主權和傢國一體化帝國的工具與製度,用駐防和區隔掌握滿足族群認同,天長日久又將滿族的規範認同轉化為文化儀式上履行認同,終至滿旗同義,而危機中清朝通過各種形式復興鞏固滿旗認同亦可反映八旗製度重要性。也暴露瞭一個自己著墨不夠的矛盾:一方麵滿清統治集團重視保守團結與族群區隔,以製度文化區分統治精英與民眾使得現代形成新滿族族群身份;另一方麵他又認為滿清因有內亞根源和傳統而普世性遠超以往各王朝,打破中原塞外區隔並管治濛疆藏,打下中國現代疆域與多民族基礎。
評分感覺Elliott說的東西(除瞭完全不需要讀的細節以外)沒什麼Crossley書part 1沒說到的啊。。如果像他所說八旗對滿族身份如此重要那太平天國之後八旗散瞭算什麼。。
1所读第二本新清史著作 2与“汉化观(Sinicization)”不同,强调清帝国的满洲性(Manchuness)。反驳学界主流的满人汉化说,认为满清一朝,满清利用八旗制度维系满人族群认同,而且也卓有成效。八旗兵的腐化堕落是事实,满语的衰退也是事实。但民族构建是有多种维度,从其他方面,...
評分欧立德这部新清史的力作运用族群理论分析清朝满洲的民族性,与新清史研究多数探讨晚清不同,本书详细梳理了从清朝开国到乾隆朝的女真/满洲的民族性问题,并对以往清史研究中汉化论的主流观点进行反思,提出八旗制度在维护满洲民族和造成满汉区隔的重要作用。新清史的满...
評分欧立德这部新清史的力作运用族群理论分析清朝满洲的民族性,与新清史研究多数探讨晚清不同,本书详细梳理了从清朝开国到乾隆朝的女真/满洲的民族性问题,并对以往清史研究中汉化论的主流观点进行反思,提出八旗制度在维护满洲民族和造成满汉区隔的重要作用。新清史的满...
評分1所读第二本新清史著作 2与“汉化观(Sinicization)”不同,强调清帝国的满洲性(Manchuness)。反驳学界主流的满人汉化说,认为满清一朝,满清利用八旗制度维系满人族群认同,而且也卓有成效。八旗兵的腐化堕落是事实,满语的衰退也是事实。但民族构建是有多种维度,从其他方面,...
評分满族在中国历史上扮演着一个重要的角色。满洲统治者在整个清王朝一直处于政治支配者地位。关于满族史的比较传统的一类看法, 往往将满族形成的时间定位于1644 年清军入关之前。有人把努尔哈赤称汗建国, 或满文的创制看作是满族形成的重要标志; 也有学者认为, 满族共同体的最终形...
The Manchu Way pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024