THEDA SKOCPOL (PhD, Harvard, 1975) is the Victor S. Thomas Professor of Government and Sociology at Harvard University. At Harvard, she has served as Dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (2005-2007) and as Director of the Center for American Political Studies (2000-2006). In 1996, Skocpol served as President of the Social Science History Association, an interdisciplinary professional group, and in 2002-03, she served as President of the American Political Science Association during the centennial of this leading professional body. In 2007, she was awarded the Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science for her "visionary analysis of the significance of the state for revolutions, welfare, and political trust, pursued with theoretical depth and empirical evidence." The Skytte Prize is one of the largest and most prestigious in political science and is awarded annually by the Skytte Foundation at Uppsala University (Sweden) to the scholar who in the view of the foundation has made the most valuable contribution to the discipline. Skocpol has also been elected to membership in all three major U.S. interdisciplinary honor societies: the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (elected 1994), the American Philosophical Society (elected 2006), and the National Academy of Sciences (elected 2008).
Skocpol's work covers an unusually broad spectrum of topics including both comparative politics (States and Social Revolutions, 1979) and American politics (Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: The Political Origins of Social Policy in the United States, 1992). Among her other works are Bringing the State Back In (1985, with Peter Evans and Dietrich Rueschemeyer); Social Policy in the United States (1995); Boomerang: Clinton's Health Security Effort and the Turn Against Government in US Politics (1996); Civic Engagement in American Democracy (1999, with Morris Fiorina); Diminished Democracy: From Membership to Management in American Civic Life (2003); Inequality and American Democracy: What We Know and What We Need to Learn (2005, with Lawrence R. Jacobs); What a Mighty Power We Can Be: African American Fraternal Groups and The Struggle for Racial Equality (2006, with Ariane Liazos and Marshall Ganz); and The Transformation of American Politics: Activist Government and the Rise of Conservatism (2007, with Paul Pierson). Her books and articles have been widely cited in political science literature and have won numerous awards, including the 1993 Woodrow Wilson Award of the American Political Science Association for the best book in political science for the previous year. Skocpol's research focuses on U.S. social policy and civic engagement in American democracy, including changes since the 1960s. She has recently launched new projects on the development of U.S. higher education and on the transformations of U.S. federal policies in the Obama era.
This is a 1979 book by political scientist and sociologist Theda Skocpol, published by Cambridge University Press and explaining the causes of revolutions through the structural functionalism sociological paradigm comparative historical analysis of the French Revolution of 1787 through the early 19th century French Revolution, the Russian Revolution of 1917 through the 1930s Russian Revolution and the Chinese Revolution of 1911 through the 1960s Cultural Revolution. Skocpol argues that these three cases, despite being spread over a century and a half, are similar in the sense that all three were Social Revolutions
Skocpol asserts that Social Revolutions are rapid and basic transformations of a society's state and class structures. This is different from, for example, a mere 'rebellion' which merely involves a revolt of subordinate classes but may not create structural change and from a Political Revolution that may change state structures but not social structures. Industrialization can transform social structure but not change the political structure. What is unique about Social Revolutions, she says, is that basic changes in social structure and political structure occur in a mutually reinforcing fashion and these changes occur through intense sociopolitical conflict.
研究生院的方法课是一种蛮奇怪的存在。就像其他的graduate seminar一样,课上基本上不告诉你任何定论,而是把你当作成熟的研究者,直接把你带入到学术圈重要的辩论中去。但对于一个急切的想知道做研究是什么样子的、怎么上手做研究的一年级学生来说,直接读那种在方法论上吵来...
评分斯考切波强调“结构性视角”,既反对此前美国学界流行的把革命原因归结于某种单一意志因素,也反对马克思主义阶级斗争理论的教条倾向。她的核心观点之一是,大规模社会革命是结构性矛盾的产物,换言之是“发生(happen)”的,而不是“制造(make)”出来的。在这种前提下,斯...
评分斯考切波强调“结构性视角”,既反对此前美国学界流行的把革命原因归结于某种单一意志因素,也反对马克思主义阶级斗争理论的教条倾向。她的核心观点之一是,大规模社会革命是结构性矛盾的产物,换言之是“发生(happen)”的,而不是“制造(make)”出来的。在这种前提下,斯...
评分一、梳理:社会革命的演进类型与原因 对于我来说这本《国家与社会革命》是一本读起来令人振奋的学术专著,它拥有宏大的历史叙事,但是并不因此显得繁琐铺陈,斯考切波通过结构性的视角和历史比较的方法,将近代史上三场宏伟的社会革命进行对比,分析了其发生的原因,也...
评分近五百年来的各国历史,基本上就是它们如何实现现代化的历史。这其中有一个不容忽视的现象,即荷兰、英国、美国、日本等海洋型国家的转变完成得比较顺利,而三个大陆型国家法、俄、中,则都是在经过长期痛苦、代价高昂的流血革命之后,才最终脱胎换骨,完成对国家和社会的重新...
所有政治学专攻的学生多少都阅读或者听说过这部著作吧。自己最初接触政治学的时候,此书中文版的译者还恰好在复旦。自然,此书成了课程指定的必读作品(当然,现在也可以想起那时的教育是何等的低劣)。这部作品的方法论的部分,已经是计量和定性分析那场论战当中所反复引用的作品了。从因果推定的稳健性,因果路劲检讨的可靠性,概念与理论形成的妥当性,跨时空与地区比较的适用性和比较政治学议题设置的问题性的角度而言,已经产生了数量庞大的文献。短短数个正面和负面案例的设计能够产生往后如此广泛的影响,大概作者在数十年前写作此书的时候也始料未及吧。此书感觉已经和Waltz在国际政治研究的那部经典有了同等的价值:结构是重要的,在理解行为体的行为之前,重新想一下因果层次的问题。嘛,其实,现在的学生有闲心读读就好吧。
评分很多观点不错 但是就像老师说得 作者的历史简直めちゃくちゃ
评分花很多精力读完; very ambitious; justify comparison by defining social revolutions, by taking a non-voluntarist, structural perspective, and most importantly, seeing the state as an autonomous structure; because of these, three revolutions, their causes and outcomes can be compared. political crises+peasant revolts-->more centralized, bureaucratic state.
评分经验分析部分比方法论部分成功
评分重读的时候,不再顺畅,因为无数的质疑
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