Governing the Commons pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載2025
Elinor Ostrom (née Awan; born August 7, 1933) is an American political economist.[2] She was awarded the 2009 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, which she shared with Oliver E. Williamson, for "her analysis of economic governance, especially the commons."[3] She was the first, and to date, the only woman to win the prize in this category. Her work is associated with the new institutional economics and the resurgence of political economy.[4]
Ostrom lives in Bloomington, IN, and is on the faculty of both Indiana University and Arizona State University. She holds a Distinguished Professor at Indiana University and is the Arthur F. Bentley Professor of Political Science and Co-Director of the Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis at Indiana University in Bloomington, as well as Research Professor and the Founding Director of the Center for the Study of Institutional Diversity at Arizona State University in Tempe. Ostrom also serves as a lead researcher for the Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resource Management Collaborative Research Support Program (SANREM CRSP), managed by Virginia Tech and funded by USAID.[5]
- 經濟學
- 製度
- 公共産權
- 政治學
- 美國
- PoliticalEconomy
- economics
- Political-Science
The governance of natural resources used by many individuals in common is an issue of increasing concern to policy analysts. Both state control and privatisation of resources have been advocated, but neither the state nor the market have been uniformly successful in solving common pool resource problems. Offering a critique of the foundations of policy analysis as applied to natural resources, Elinor Ostrom here provides a unique body of empirical data to explore conditions under which common pool resource problems have been satisfactorily or unsatisfactorily solved. Dr Ostrom first describes three models most frequently used as the foundation for recommending state or market solutions. She then outlines theoretical and empirical alternatives to these models in order to illustrate the diversity of possible solutions. In the following chapters she uses institutional analysis to examine different ways - both successful and unsuccessful - of governing the commons. In contrast to the proposition of the tragedy of the commons argument, common pool problems sometimes are solved by voluntary organisations rather than by a coercive state. Among the cases considered are communal tenure in meadows and forests, irrigation communities and other water rights, and fisheries.
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讀後感
在新版的政治科学手册中，本书被排在二战后引用率最高的四部政治学著作之一，然而我们却不得不记住，这部作品是在1990年才出版的。作者艾利诺·奥斯特罗姆女士更是当代美国最负盛名的政治学者之一，曾经担任美国政治学会主席一职。如果继续各种头衔和荣誉的介绍，我都会觉...
評分奥斯特罗姆通过大量的事例，向我们介绍关于公共事务治理方法，并进行后续分析。由三个理论引出本书的内容分析，包括哈丁的“公地灾难”、“囚犯难题”及奥尔森的“集体行动的逻辑”。这些理论模型都说明，个人的理性行动最终导致的却是集体无理性的结果。 对此，以往认为的解...
評分由于学识尚浅，没有很高深的评论。 不知道是不是因为作者是女性的缘故，我认为她的分析是非常有“人情味儿”的。现在许多理论是机械式的，将人们当做有固定程式的机器人来进行分析的，而且常常令人感到冷漠和绝望——比如众所周知的理性经济人假设。而作者认为...
評分由于学识尚浅，没有很高深的评论。 不知道是不是因为作者是女性的缘故，我认为她的分析是非常有“人情味儿”的。现在许多理论是机械式的，将人们当做有固定程式的机器人来进行分析的，而且常常令人感到冷漠和绝望——比如众所周知的理性经济人假设。而作者认为...
評分用戶評價
作者實在是太considerate瞭，每一個道理都講得相當透徹，經常是我剛剛寫下心得就發現下一句正是我寫的心得的意思...
评分諾貝爾奬獲得者的著作還是很值得一讀，模型概念論述加案例分析詳實且有創新，標杆啊
评分作者實在是太considerate瞭，每一個道理都講得相當透徹，經常是我剛剛寫下心得就發現下一句正是我寫的心得的意思...
评分假裝讀明白瞭
评分4星。當年轟動一時，而且讓作者得瞭諾貝爾經濟學奬。但是仔細想想有一些過譽。作者真正的貢獻在於提齣解決CPR問題不能隻靠國傢或者市場，因為二者（尤其是前者）可能會缺乏地方信息。但這一點實際上哈耶剋很早就講瞭（大約作者寫這書50年前），所以不是很清楚這本書真正的貢獻在什麼地方。作者提齣的8條解決CPR的建議都需要嚴格的論證和實證檢驗，而這些是這本書沒有提供的。作者的分析方法主要是比較案例，但是沒有迴答為什麼要關心這些案例？以90年代的標準看，這本書依然是上乘之作，但是放在今天，閱讀的收獲會比較小。最重要的是，為什麼自治組織不能産生特殊利益？這是我在美國最常見的一種問題，所以我覺得Olson還是更高一籌。
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