The Captive Mind pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025
Czesław Miłosz memorialised his Lithuanian childhood in a 1955 novel, The Issa Valley , and in the 1959 memoir Native Realm . After graduating from Sigismund Augustus Gymnasium in Vilnius, he studied law at Stefan Batory University and in 1931 he travelled to Paris, where he was influenced by his distant cousin Oscar Milosz, a French poet of Lithuanian descent and a Swedenborgian. His first volume of poetry was published in 1934.
After receiving his law degree that year, he again spent a year in Paris on a fellowship. Upon returning, he worked as a commentator at Radio Wilno, but was dismissed, an action described as stemming from either his leftist views or for views overly sympathetic to Lithuania. Miłosz wrote all his poetry, fiction and essays in Polish and translated the Old Testament Psalms into Polish.
Awarded the 1980 Nobel Prize in Literature for being an author "who with uncompromising clear-sightedness voices man's exposed condition in a world of severe conflicts."
- 历史
- 政治学
- Czesław_Miłosz
- 米沃什
- 知识分子
- 反极权
- 波兰
- 哲学
The Captive Mind begins with a discussion of the novel Insatiability by Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz and its plot device of Murti-Bing pills, which are used as a metaphor for dialectical materialism, but also for the deadening of the intellect caused by consumerism in Western society. The second chapter considers the way in which the West was seen at the time by residents of Central and Eastern Europe, while the third outlines the practice of Ketman, the act of paying lip service to authority while concealing personal opposition, describing seven forms applied in the people's democracies of mid-20th century Europe.
The four chapters at the heart of the book then follow, each a portrayal of a gifted Polish man who capitulated, in some fashion, to the demands of the Communist state. They are identified only as Alpha, the Moralist; Beta, The Disappointed Lover; Gamma, the Slave of History; and Delta, the Troubadour. However, each of the four portraits were easily identifiable: Alpha is Jerzy Andrzejewski, Beta is Tadeusz Borowski, Gamma is Jerzy Putrament and Delta is Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński.
The book moves toward its climax with an elaboration of "enslavement through consciousness" in the penultimate chapter and closes with a pained and personal assessment of the fate of the Baltic nations in particular.
具体描述
读后感
不算是书评吧，记录下看到这本书的想法，想法是会改变的，在我没有了解到从纳粹到苏联对于东欧国家的伤害时，我曾经还用东欧剧变的例子来反对更加激进的想法。我为那个时候的无知感到羞愧。等以后我再来看觉得自己幼稚的时候就删掉。 从某种角度上来说，辩证法是非常机械的，它...
评分一 阅读米沃什的这本《被禁锢的头脑》，从始至终，都伴随着一种熟悉的陌生感。这本书讲述的是发生在波兰国土上的事情，但是，只要你对中国的近现代史有所了解，就能从中读出似曾相识的味道——一种苦涩的味道。 这本书如书名所示，写的是在极权国家体制下知识分子的处境。 ...
评分邹汉明 一九五一年，切斯瓦夫·米沃什四十岁，他是波兰人民共和国驻法国使馆的文化参赞。在这个体面的位置上，他已经干了两年多了。此前，他做过波兰驻美国大使馆的文化参赞。此外，他还是一名在波兰享有盛誉的诗人和翻译家。这一年，弱小的波兰在一位傲慢主子的怒视下，作为...
评分相比与《一九八四》的比较，我更喜欢波莱茨基的这段评论：“数十年来，读者忽略了《被禁锢的头脑》的文学性，反而一直将其作为了解波兰斯大林意识形态的唯一一本书来看待。……不管怎么说，《被禁锢的头脑》是一部杰出的文学论文，它所论述的人的心理问题比政治问题更多；论述...
用户评价
花了很久来读这本小书，觉得它讲出了我很久以来一直不知如何表达的东西：在一个极权社会里，语言是如何成为囚笼并将人深困于其中的。
评分花了很久来读这本小书，觉得它讲出了我很久以来一直不知如何表达的东西：在一个极权社会里，语言是如何成为囚笼并将人深困于其中的。
评分半世纪之前的政治学却差点读哭了
评分半世纪之前的政治学却差点读哭了
评分半世纪之前的政治学却差点读哭了
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