The Captive Mind pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025
Czesław Miłosz memorialised his Lithuanian childhood in a 1955 novel, The Issa Valley , and in the 1959 memoir Native Realm . After graduating from Sigismund Augustus Gymnasium in Vilnius, he studied law at Stefan Batory University and in 1931 he travelled to Paris, where he was influenced by his distant cousin Oscar Milosz, a French poet of Lithuanian descent and a Swedenborgian. His first volume of poetry was published in 1934.
After receiving his law degree that year, he again spent a year in Paris on a fellowship. Upon returning, he worked as a commentator at Radio Wilno, but was dismissed, an action described as stemming from either his leftist views or for views overly sympathetic to Lithuania. Miłosz wrote all his poetry, fiction and essays in Polish and translated the Old Testament Psalms into Polish.
Awarded the 1980 Nobel Prize in Literature for being an author "who with uncompromising clear-sightedness voices man's exposed condition in a world of severe conflicts."
- 历史
- 政治学
- Czesław_Miłosz
- 米沃什
- 知识分子
- 反极权
- 波兰
- 哲学
The Captive Mind begins with a discussion of the novel Insatiability by Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz and its plot device of Murti-Bing pills, which are used as a metaphor for dialectical materialism, but also for the deadening of the intellect caused by consumerism in Western society. The second chapter considers the way in which the West was seen at the time by residents of Central and Eastern Europe, while the third outlines the practice of Ketman, the act of paying lip service to authority while concealing personal opposition, describing seven forms applied in the people's democracies of mid-20th century Europe.
The four chapters at the heart of the book then follow, each a portrayal of a gifted Polish man who capitulated, in some fashion, to the demands of the Communist state. They are identified only as Alpha, the Moralist; Beta, The Disappointed Lover; Gamma, the Slave of History; and Delta, the Troubadour. However, each of the four portraits were easily identifiable: Alpha is Jerzy Andrzejewski, Beta is Tadeusz Borowski, Gamma is Jerzy Putrament and Delta is Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński.
The book moves toward its climax with an elaboration of "enslavement through consciousness" in the penultimate chapter and closes with a pained and personal assessment of the fate of the Baltic nations in particular.
具体描述
读后感
在复习完《1984》之后，读完了《被禁锢的头脑》。结合这之前所看的二战中犹太人命运等小说、纪实文学、历史。 始终在思考两个问题。 1、环境能够在多大程度上改变人。 2、人会付出多大的代价寻求存活。 第二个问题可以以《被禁锢的头脑》中的这段进行回答： 但文明的习惯是脆...
评分相比与《一九八四》的比较，我更喜欢波莱茨基的这段评论：“数十年来，读者忽略了《被禁锢的头脑》的文学性，反而一直将其作为了解波兰斯大林意识形态的唯一一本书来看待。……不管怎么说，《被禁锢的头脑》是一部杰出的文学论文，它所论述的人的心理问题比政治问题更多；论述...
评分 评分这是一本卓越的寓言小说，是1980年诺贝尔文学奖获得者、波兰著名作家切•米沃什写于上世纪50年代的名著，当时他已被迫离开祖国，踏上漫长的流亡之路。 《被禁锢的大脑》中主人公皆有所本，从技术上看，它并无更多花巧之处，由于常常用大段议论来替代描写，让读者觉得它更像...
评分或者无奈也好，真实也罢。 写作，之于这个时代，都一定会有他的背景，无论是以怎样一种方式去表达。 这一切都是一种执着，没有好与坏。 我们到底是为体制写作？为国家写作？为国家所要求的人们大众写作？还是为个人写作？为自己写作？为金钱写作？ 在奥兹的《咏叹生死》一书有...
用户评价
花了很久来读这本小书，觉得它讲出了我很久以来一直不知如何表达的东西：在一个极权社会里，语言是如何成为囚笼并将人深困于其中的。
评分花了很久来读这本小书，觉得它讲出了我很久以来一直不知如何表达的东西：在一个极权社会里，语言是如何成为囚笼并将人深困于其中的。
评分半世纪之前的政治学却差点读哭了
评分半世纪之前的政治学却差点读哭了
评分花了很久来读这本小书，觉得它讲出了我很久以来一直不知如何表达的东西：在一个极权社会里，语言是如何成为囚笼并将人深困于其中的。
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