圖書標籤: 羅馬史 尤立安 宗教史 古代晚期 曆史 Rome Paganism JuliantheApostate
发表于2024-12-23
The Last Pagan Emperor pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024
Flavius Claudius Julianus was the last pagan to sit on the Roman imperial throne (361-363). Born in Constantinople in 331 or 332, Julian was raised as a Christian, but apostatized, and during his short reign tried to revive paganism, which, after the conversion to Christianity of his uncle Constantine the Great early in the fourth century, began losing ground at an accelerating pace. Having become an orphan when he was still very young, Julian was taken care of by his cousin Constantius II, one of Constantine's sons, who permitted him to study rhetoric and philosophy and even made him co-emperor in 355. But the relations between Julian and Constantius were strained from the beginning, and it was only Constantius' sudden death in 361 which prevented an impending civil war.
As sole emperor, Julian restored the worship of the traditional gods. He opened pagan temples again, reintroduced animal sacrifices, and propagated paganism through both the spoken and the written word. In his treatise Against the Galilaeans he sharply criticised the religion of the followers of Jesus whom he disparagingly called 'Galilaeans'. He put his words into action, and issued laws which were displeasing to Christians--the most notorious being his School Edict. This provoked the anger of the Christians, who reacted fiercely, and accused Julian of being a persecutor like his predecessors Nero, Decius, and Diocletian. Violent conflicts between pagans and Christians made themselves felt all over the empire. It is disputed whether or not Julian himself was behind such outbursts. Accusations against the Apostate continued to be uttered even after the emperor's early death. In this book, the feasibility of such charges is examined.
H. C. Teitler, born in Surabaya in the Dutch East Indies--now Indonesia--and raised in Den Helder and Amsterdam in the Netherlands, studied Classics at the University of Amsterdam. He served as Assistant Professor of Ancient History at Utrecht University from 1975 until his retirement in 2002.
2018年看完的第一本正經書,傳記不像傳記說是論文吧又幾乎沒有論證,應該歸類為作者的讀書筆記,以疑罪從無的角度對雞肚教滿天飛的尤皇黑料作瞭列舉和否定,全書都是這個調調就有點審美疲勞瞭,而且這本書比較坑注釋比正文還長,正文隻有不到150頁……唯一可取之處大概是作者作為真愛粉查閱的資料多值得我學習,繼續補阿米安。
評分2018年看完的第一本正經書,傳記不像傳記說是論文吧又幾乎沒有論證,應該歸類為作者的讀書筆記,以疑罪從無的角度對雞肚教滿天飛的尤皇黑料作瞭列舉和否定,全書都是這個調調就有點審美疲勞瞭,而且這本書比較坑注釋比正文還長,正文隻有不到150頁……唯一可取之處大概是作者作為真愛粉查閱的資料多值得我學習,繼續補阿米安。
評分2018年看完的第一本正經書,傳記不像傳記說是論文吧又幾乎沒有論證,應該歸類為作者的讀書筆記,以疑罪從無的角度對雞肚教滿天飛的尤皇黑料作瞭列舉和否定,全書都是這個調調就有點審美疲勞瞭,而且這本書比較坑注釋比正文還長,正文隻有不到150頁……唯一可取之處大概是作者作為真愛粉查閱的資料多值得我學習,繼續補阿米安。
評分2018年看完的第一本正經書,傳記不像傳記說是論文吧又幾乎沒有論證,應該歸類為作者的讀書筆記,以疑罪從無的角度對雞肚教滿天飛的尤皇黑料作瞭列舉和否定,全書都是這個調調就有點審美疲勞瞭,而且這本書比較坑注釋比正文還長,正文隻有不到150頁……唯一可取之處大概是作者作為真愛粉查閱的資料多值得我學習,繼續補阿米安。
評分2018年看完的第一本正經書,傳記不像傳記說是論文吧又幾乎沒有論證,應該歸類為作者的讀書筆記,以疑罪從無的角度對雞肚教滿天飛的尤皇黑料作瞭列舉和否定,全書都是這個調調就有點審美疲勞瞭,而且這本書比較坑注釋比正文還長,正文隻有不到150頁……唯一可取之處大概是作者作為真愛粉查閱的資料多值得我學習,繼續補阿米安。
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The Last Pagan Emperor pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024