How to Lie with Statistics pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載2025

"There is terror in numbers," writes Darrell Huff in How to Lie with Statistics. And nowhere does this terror translate to blind acceptance of authority more than in the slippery world of averages, correlations, graphs, and trends. Huff sought to break through "the daze that follows the collision of statistics with the human mind" with this slim volume, first published in 1954. The book remains relevant as a wake-up call for people unaccustomed to examining the endless flow of numbers pouring from Wall Street, Madison Avenue, and everywhere else someone has an axe to grind, a point to prove, or a product to sell. "The secret language of statistics, so appealing in a fact-minded culture, is employed to sensationalize, inflate, confuse, and oversimplify," warns Huff.

Although many of the examples used in the book are charmingly dated, the cautions are timeless. Statistics are rife with opportunities for misuse, from "gee-whiz graphs" that add nonexistent drama to trends, to "results" detached from their method and meaning, to statistics' ultimate bugaboo--faulty cause-and-effect reasoning. Huff's tone is tolerant and amused, but no-nonsense. Like a lecturing father, he expects you to learn something useful from the book, and start applying it every day. Never be a sucker again, he cries!

Even if you can't find a source of demonstrable bias, allow yourself some degree of skepticism about the results as long as there is a possibility of bias somewhere. There always is.

Read How to Lie with Statistics. Whether you encounter statistics at work, at school, or in advertising, you'll remember its simple lessons. Don't be terrorized by numbers, Huff implores. "The fact is that, despite its mathematical base, statistics is as much an art as it is a science." --Therese Littleton

達萊爾·哈夫，美國統計專傢。1913年齣生在美國愛荷華州，畢業於愛荷華州立大學（the State University of lowa）,獲得學士學位和碩士學位，在此期間他由於成績優異加入瞭美國大學優等生的榮譽學會（Phi Beta Kappa），同時還參加瞭社會心理學、統計學以及智力測驗等研究項目。達萊爾·哈夫的文章多見於《哈潑斯》、《星期六郵報》、《時尚先生》以及《紐約時報》等美國頂尖媒體。1963年，由於他的貢獻被授予國傢學院鍾奬（National School Bell ）