Introduction

Foreword

About the Author

Core MFC

The MFC Architecture

A Brief History of MFC

The MFC Class Hierarchy

CObject

CCmdTarget

CWinThread

CWinApp

CWnd

CFrameWnd

CView

CDocument

Summary

MFC Dialogs, Controls, and Data Interaction

Creating an Application

Starting and Using MFC AppWizard

The AppWizard-Generated Code

Modifying the Application

Adding Dialog Controls

Adding Initialization

Using Dialog Controls

ToolTips

Enabling ToolTips

Displaying Text

Dialog Data Exchange

Standard DDX

UpdateData

Using Standard Dialog Boxes

File Open/Save

Color Selector

Font Selector

Print Dialog

Summary

The Windows Common Controls

Initializing and Using the Common Controls

Notifications for Windows Common Controls

The Notification Message Structure

Overview of the Notification Process

A Better Notification Handling Scheme

Specifying Notification Ranges with ON_NOTIFY_RANGE

Hot Key Controls: Class CHotKeyCtrl

CHotKeyCtrl Class Methods

Creating and Initializing a CHotKeyCtrl Object

Using a Hot Key Control

Spin Controls: Class CSpinButtonCtrl

Spin Control Styles

CSpinButtonCtrl Messages

CSpinButtonCtrl Class Methods

Creating and Initializing a Spin Control

Sample Program: SPIN1

Slider Controls: Class CSliderCtrl

Slider Control Styles

CSliderCtrl Messages

CSliderCtrl Class Methods

Creating and Initializing a Slider Control

Sample Program: Slider Controls (SLIDER1)

Sample Program: SLIDER1

Progress Bar Controls: Class CProgressCtrl

CProgressCtrl Class Methods

Creating and Initializing a CProgressCtrl Object

Using a Progress Control

Image Lists: Class CImageList

CImageList Class Methods

Creating and Initializing a CImageList Control

List View Controls: Class CListCtrl

List View Control Styles

Image Lists and the List View Control

List View Items and Subitems

List View Notification Messages

Creating and Initializing a CListCtrl Object

Using the List View Control

Tree View Controls: Class CTreeCtrl

Tree View Control Styles

Tree View Notification Messages

CTreeCtrl Class Methods

Creating and Initializing a Tree View Control

Using a CTreeCtrl Object

Sample Program: TREELIST.EXE

Tab Controls: Class CTabCtrl

Tab Control Styles

Tab Control Notification Messages

CTabCtrl Class Methods

The Tab Item Structure (TC_ITEM)

Creating and Initializing a Tab Control

Using a Tab Control

Animate Controls: Class CAnimateCtrl

Animate Control Styles

Animate Control Notification Messages

CAnimateCtrl Class Methods

Creating and Initializing an Animate Control

Using an Animate Control

Rich Edit Controls: Class CRichEditCtrl

Rich Edit Control Window Styles

The Character Format Structure (CHARFORMAT)

The Paragraph Format Structure (PARAFORMAT)

CRichEditCtrl Class Methods

CRichEditCtrl Line-Related Methods

CRichEditCtrl Text-Selection Methods

CRichEditCtrl Formatting Methods

CRichEditCtrl Editing Methods

CRichEditCtrl Clipboard Methods

CRichEditCtrl General-Purpose Methods

Creating and Initializing a Rich Edit Control

Using a Rich Edit Control

Summary

Painting, Device Contexts, Bitmaps, and Fonts

Device Contexts

The Graphics Device Interface

MFC Wrapping

MFC Device Context Classes

The Base Class: CDC

Painting with Class CPaintDC

Managing Client Areas with Class CClientDC

Managing Frame Windows with Class CWindowDC

Windows Graphic Objects

Pens: Class CPen

Brushes: Class CBrush

Fonts: Class CFont

Bitmaps: Class CBitmap

Palettes: Class CPalette

Regions: Class CRgn

GDI Coordinate Systems

Logical Mapping Modes

Vector Graphics

Drawing Modes

Lines and Polylines

Rectangles

Regions

Polygons

Ellipses

Bezier Curves

Fonts and Text

Font Characteristics

The TEXTMETRIC Structure

The LOGFONT Structure

Font Creation

Drawing Text

Sample Program: Vector Graphics and Text Methods (VECTEXT1.EXE)

Raster Graphics

Named Raster Operations (ROPs)

Bitmaps

Device-Dependent Bitmaps

Device-Independent Bitmaps (DIBs)

The CBitmap Class

Transferring and Contorting Bitmaps

Bitmap Resources

Tacking Resources onto an Executable File

Getting Image Resources out of an Executable File

Sample Program: Exploring Bitmap Resources (BITMAP1)

Summary

Custom Control Development

Window Classes Versus C++ Classes

A Validating Edit Control

The Clock Static Control

Control Metrics

Painting the Face

Locating the Hands

Painting the Hands

Setting the Time

Pitfalls of Subclassing Standard Controls

The Hyperlink Control

Implementation Strategy

Font Processing

Painting the Window

Controlling the Cursor

Mouse Input

Keyboard Input

Launching the Link

Advanced Custom Control Topics

Subclassing Limitations

Notifications

Using the Resource Editor with Custom Classes

Summary

The MFC Application Object, Message Routing, and Idle Processing

The MFC Application Object

CWinApp and Application Lifetime

The CWinApp Data Members

The CWinApp Member Functions

Application-Specific Initialization

Functionality in InitInstance

OLE Container Support

3D Look for Windows NT 3.5x

Registry Usage

Most Recently Used Files List

SDI and MDI Document/View

Main Frame Window Creation

Automation Support

Rich Edit Control Support

Command-Line Handling

Message Routing, Message Maps, and Message Categories

Message Routing

PreTranslateMessage

Message Maps

Idle Processing

OnIdle

Idle Processing for Dialogs

The Splash Screen Component

Summary

Documents, Views, and Applications That Use Them

The Document/View Architecture

Documents, Frames, and Views

Document Templates

Creating New Documents

Opening New Files

Single Versus Multiple Document Templates

Views

The CView Class

The CScrollView Class

The CFormView Class

The Database View Classes

The Control Views

Changing Views in an SDI

Using the MDI

Summary

Extending the User Interface

Responding to the User

Keyboard Messaging

Handling Keyboard Messages

Mouse Messaging

Handling Mouse Messages

User Interfaces and AppWizard

Extending Menus

Obtaining Menus and Pop-up Menus

Adding Menu Items

Using Floating Pop-up Menus

Putting Control Bars to Use

Using Toolbars and Rebars

Using Status Bars

Showing and Hiding Control Bars

Supporting ToolTips

Updating the User Interface

Property Sheets and Wizards

MFC's Support for Property Sheets and Wizards

Creating a Simple Wizard

Splitting a View

Summary

Printing

Printing Fundamentals

Printing with MFC

Printing in the View

The PrintInfo Object

Printing Menu Commands

Printing and GDI Mapping Modes

WYSIWYG Printing

Application Resources

The Application Class

The View Class

Pagination

Printing with a Known Page Count

Printing with an Unknown Page Count

Printing Page Numbers

Stopping and Aborting Print Jobs

Halting a Print Job in OnPrepareDC()

Halting a Print Job in OnPrint()

Summary

MFC and COM Programming

COM

A Little History

Interfaces, Objects, and Methods

Some Terminology

A Real-World View

The IUnknown Interface

Servers, Clients, and Classes

The COM Runtime Environment

Defining the Class Factory

How Are COM Objects Reused?

Marshaling and Threading

Marshaling

Threading

COM, OLE, and Automation

IDispatch

Automation Servers, Objects, and Controllers

Supporting Both IDispatch and IUnknown

Persisting COM Data

Structured Storage

Identifying COM Data (Monikers)

Transferring Data

Uniform Data Transfer

Connectable Objects

DCOM

Object Creation

Invoking Methods

Security Issues

Some Important Information

BSTR

SAFEARRAY

HRESULT

VARIANT

Further Reading

Summary

COM and MFC

Understanding the Afx Global Functions

Application Lifetime Control

Client Control Management

Connection Point Management

Control Registration

Exceptions

Initialization

Licensing

Type Information

Reviewing the OLE Macros

Class Factories

Client/Container Common Commands

Control Property Persistence

Dialog Data Exchange

Dispatch Maps

Event Maps

Property Page Data Mapping

Property Pages

Type Library Access

MFC and the OLE Class Categories

Active Document

Automation

Common Dialogs for OLE

Container

Control

Drag and Drop (Universal Data Transfer)

Document Servers

Support

Summary

MFC OLE Servers

Document Servers

Server Types

Full Server

Active Document

Container/Server

Mini-Server

Document Server Design

OLE Documents

Active Documents

Building an Active Document Server

Persistence

Rendering the View

Automation Servers

IDispatch

GetIDsOfNames

GetTypeInfo

GetTypeInfoCount

Invoke

IDispatch-Derived Interface in ODL

Calling Methods Through IDispatch

GetIDsOfNames

Type Information Methods

Invoke

Dispinterfaces Differ from Interfaces

Calling Methods Through IDispatch

Dual Interfaces

The Variant

An Automation Server Using MFC

Server Type

Declaring and Defining Additional Dispinterfaces

Adding Methods and Properties

Summary

MFC OLE Clients

IDispatch and Its Place in Automation

Interface Definition for Automation Servers

IDL and ATL

ODL and MFC

Dual Interfaces

MFC and Automation

Controller

Connecting to a Server

Server Review

Building a Controller

Using COleDispatchDriver

Using #import

Remote Automation

Summary

MFC ActiveX Controls

Development Strategy

MFC

ATL

MFC and ATL

Control Development

Two Faces of a Control

Runtime

Design Time

Subclassing a Control

MFC

ATL

Component Categories

ICatRegister

ICatInformation

Methods, Properties, and Events

Properties

Methods

Events

Property Pages

Property Pages in ATL

Property Pages in MFC

Component Registration

Registration Scripts

Registration and Controls

COM Object Subkeys

Building an MFC Control

Interface Definition

A Quick ATL Port

Summary

MFC ActiveX Control Containers

Active Document Container

Storage

Site Objects

In-Place Activation

Document Extensions

Building the Simplest Active Document Container

OLE Controls

Adding Containment to an Existing Project

ActiveX Container

Control Containment and Events

Summary

Using MFC and ATL

What Is ATL and Why Is It Important for Programming in MFC?

Helpful ATL COM Support for MFC Applications

COM Pointers the Smart Way

Other ATL COM Support

Advanced ATL Support for MFC Applications

Begin with Your MFC Application

Add the Required ATL Support

Summary

Scripting Your MFC Application

Scripting Basics

Scripting Interfaces

Dual Interfaces

Object Models

Implementing a Scripted Application

Object Implementation

Summary

MFC Database Programming

MFC Database Processing

Relational Database Concepts

Tables

Columns

Records

Cursors

Transactions

Storing and Retrieving Data

SELECT

INSERT

DELETE

UPDATE

Database Communication Mechanisms

ODBC

DAO

Which Methodology Should I Use?

ODBC/MFC

CDatabase

CRecordset

DAO

CDaoWorkspace

CDaoDatabase

CDaoRecordset

CDaoTableDef

CDaoQueryDef

Summary

Advanced Database Support

The COM Approach

OLE DB

ADO

Which One Should I Use?

OLE DB Consumers Using the ATL Wrapper Classes

CDataSource

CSession

Accessors

Rowsets

Accessing Datasource Data

Using the ADO C++ Interfaces

ADOConnection

ADORecordset

ADOCommand

ADOField

ADOProperty

ADOParameter

ADOError

Summary

MFC Utility Classes

Strings and Collections

Strings and String Classes

Inside the CString Class

Practical CString Usage

CString Summary

Collections

Inside Collection Classes

Templated Collections

The UNL_MultiEd Application

Overview

An STL Approach

Summary

File I/O and MFC

The CFile Class

Processing Files with CFile

Inside the CFile Class

The CStdioFile Class

The CMemFile Class

The CSharedFile Class

The CFileDialog Class

The User-Defined CFileDialog Class

Practical Usage of CFile and CFileDialog

Opening a File

Reading Data from a File

A Classical Approach

What Are Streams?

Summary

Exceptions

What Are They Good For?

Types of Exceptions

Structured Exception Handlers

Nesting of Structured Exception Handlers

Raising Structured Exceptions

Cleaning Up After an Exception

C++ Exceptions

Defining a C++ Exception Class

MFC Exceptions

MFC CException-Derived Classes

CMemoryException

CNotSupportedException

CArchiveException

CFileException

CResourceException

COleException

CDbException

COleDispatchException

CUserException

CDaoException

CInternetException

Deriving Your Own MFC-Compliant Exception Objects

Deleting Exceptions

Using MFC Exception Macros

Mixing Exceptions

Summary

MFC and the Web

MFC and DHTML

DHTML, MSIE, and the Internet

Using the Internet Explorer Web ActiveX Control

Internet Explorer ActiveX Control Basics

CHtmlView

CHtmlView and the Document/View Relationship

CHtmlView and COM

Using the Internet Explorer ActiveX Control in a Dialog Box

Using DHTML

The DHTML Object Model

The Document Object

Other DHTML Objects

Collection Objects

DHTML COM Interfaces

Obtaining the Document DHTML Interface

Obtaining the DHTML Collections Interfaces

Using the DHTML Interface

The DHTML Element Interface Methods

Document Navigation

Summary

CSocket Programming

How Do Network Communications Work?

Sockets, Ports, and Addresses

Winsock and MFC

Initializing the Winsock Environment

Creating a Socket

Making a Connection

Sending and Receiving Messages

Closing the Connection

Socket Events

Controlling Event Triggering

Detecting Errors

Getting Socket Information

Sockets and I/O Serialization

Building a Networked Application

Creating the Application Shell

Window Layout and Startup Functionality

Inheriting from the CAsyncSocket Class

Connecting the Application

Sending and Receiving

Ending the Connection

Summary

WinInet Programming

Web Application Protocols and WinInet

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

File Transfer Protocol

Gopher Protocol

WinInet API and MFC

Internet Session Basics

CInternetSession

CInternetFile

CInternetException

CInternetConnection

Building a Simple WinInet Application

Application-Level Functionality

HTTP Classes

FTP Classes

Gopher Classes

Building a Simple FTP Client

Summary

ISAPI Extensions

The Foundation

From There to Here

From GET to POST

Adding Some Form Elements

Change the Form

Change the Parse Map

Declare and Use the Handler Function

Add a Radio Button

Other Form Input Elements

Change the Form

Change the Parse Map

Change the Handler Function

Summary

MAPI and MFC

The Messaging Application Programming Interface

Client Applications

Two Higher-Level Alternatives: Simple MAPI and CMC

Simple MAPI

Common Messaging Calls

The MapiMessage Structure

The MapiFileDesc Structure

Limited MAPI Functionality in MFC

The CDocument Connection

Doing MAPI the MFC Way

The CDocument::OnFileSendMail() Method

Sample Program: MAPI1.EXE

Summary

TAPE and MFC

Overview

Assisted Telephony

Basic Telephony Service

Supplemental Telephony Service

Extended Telephony Service

History of TAPI

TAPI 1.3

TAPI 1.4

TAPI 1.5

TAPI 2

TAPI 2.1

TAPI 2.2

TAPI 3

Using Assisted Telephony

Using Basic Telephony

Configuring TAPI

Connecting with TAPI

Transmitting Data with TAPI

Disconnection with TAPI

Terminating a TAPI Session

Summary

MFC and Graphics Programming

MFC and OpenGL

What Is OpenGL?

Graphics Boot Camp

Core Terms and Key Concepts

The Basic Mathematics of Graphics Programming

OpenGL Boot Camp

OpenGL Datatypes

OpenGL Function Naming Conventions

OpenGL Render Function Scoping

The OpenGL Matrix Stack

The OpenGL Rendering Context

Minimal OpenGL Program and a Custom View

Creating Your Basic MFC Application

Adding the Custom OpenGL Base Class

Integrate the Custom View Class into Your Application

Build Your 3D Scene

Add the OpenGL Libraries to Your Project抯 Link List

2D and 3D Models

Basic Model Development

Model Transformations

Display Lists

Light

The Basics of Light in OpenGL

Types of Light

Object Material Properties

Texture Mapping

OpenGL Images and Windows Device-Independent Bitmaps

Applying Texture

Special Effects

Blending

Fog

Summary

MFC and DirectX

What Is DirectX?

DirectX in a Nutshell

DirectX Components

DirectX Basics

Differences in COM Programming Style and DirectX

DirectX Component Startup Sequence

DirectDraw Basics

Initializing DirectDraw

DirectDraw and Palettes

DirectDraw Surfaces

DirectDraw Page Flipping

DirectDraw from a Window

Using DirectDraw in Practice

Surfaces and Bitmaps

Windowed Rendering

Error Handling

DirectDraw Shutdown

Summary

Multimedia and MFC

Multimedia Fundamentals

The DirectX Media Player Control

Media Formats Supported by the Media Player Control

Inside the Media Player Control

The CMediaPlayer Class

Using the Media Player Control

Playing Sound

Working with Waves

Revisiting DirectSound

Using DirectSound to Play Sound Effects

Summary

Advanced MFC

Inside the Registry

Registry Usage

Configuration

Services Information

State

User Preferences

The Registry Structure

Programmatic Control of the Registry

The Registry API

The Registry Sample Application

The Registry Key Editor Dialog

Creating a New Key

Deleting a Key

Deleting a Name/Value Pair

A Word About Wrapping the Registry Functions

A Word About Installation

Summary

Writing and Using DLLs

Advantages of DLLs

Code Elimination

Modularity and Packaging

Extensibility

Inside an AFX DLL

Exporting Classes, Functions, and Data

The Big Deal About Exports

Mangled Names

Exporting Classes

What Goes Around, Comes Around

Exporting Explicit Functions

Exporting Data

Exporting MFC Data

Exporting the Destructor

Export Toolkit include Files

What to Export

Other DLL Issues

AfxLoadLibrary and AfxFreeLibrary

Designing for Extensibility and Reuse

Resource Location

Multiple Module Definition Files

Load Addresses and the Linker

Summary

Creating Custom Wizards

Property Sheets and Property Pages

The CPropertySheet and CPropertyPage Classes

The Wizard Walk and the Property Sheet Connection

Creating a Wizard

Setting the Wizard Mode

Enabling the Wizard Buttons

Displaying the Wizard

Wizard Notification Messages

Sample Program: Off to See the Wizard (WIZARD1.EXE)

Creating Wizard Page Dialog Template Resources

Create a Dialog Class for Each Dialog Resource

Exploring the Welcome Page: Class CIntroPage

Exploring the About You Page: Class CPage1

Updating Wizard Information for CPage2 and CPage3

Creating and Displaying the Wizard

Summary

Index