The Structure of Scientific Revolutions pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025
American historian and philosopher of science, a leading contributor to the change of focus in the philosophy and sociology of science in the 1960s. Thomas Samuel Kuhn was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He received a doctorate in theoretical physics from Harvard University in 1949. But he later shifted his interest to the history and philosophy of science, which he taught at Harvard, the University of California at Berkeley, Princeton University, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
In 1962, Kuhn published The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, which depicted the development of the basic natural sciences in an innovative way. According to Kuhn, the sciences do not uniformly progress strictly by scientific method. Rather, there are two fundamentally different phases of scientific development in the sciences. In the first phase, scientists work within a paradigm (set of accepted beliefs). When the foundation of the paradigm weakens and new theories and scientific methods begin to replace it, the next phase of scientific discovery takes place. Kuhn believes that scientific progress—that is, progress from one paradigm to another—has no logical reasoning. Kuhn's theory has triggered widespread, controversial discussion across many scientific disciplines.
- 科学哲学
- 哲学
- 科学史
- science
- 历史
- 科学
- 英文版
- 科学人文
A good book may have the power to change the way we see the world, but a great book actually becomes part of our daily consciousness, pervading our thinking to the point that we take it for granted, and we forget how provocative and challenging its ideas once were—and still are. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is that kind of book. When it was first published in 1962, it was a landmark event in the history and philosophy of science. Fifty years later, it still has many lessons to teach.
With The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Kuhn challenged long-standing linear notions of scientific progress, arguing that transformative ideas don’t arise from the day-to-day, gradual process of experimentation and data accumulation but that the revolutions in science, those breakthrough moments that disrupt accepted thinking and offer unanticipated ideas, occur outside of “normal science,” as he called it. Though Kuhn was writing when physics ruled the sciences, his ideas on how scientific revolutions bring order to the anomalies that amass over time in research experiments are still instructive in our biotech age.
This new edition of Kuhn’s essential work in the history of science includes an insightful introduction by Ian Hacking, which clarifies terms popularized by Kuhn, including paradigm and incommensurability, and applies Kuhn’s ideas to the science of today. Usefully keyed to the separate sections of the book, Hacking’s introduction provides important background information as well as a contemporary context. Newly designed, with an expanded index, this edition will be eagerly welcomed by the next generation of readers seeking to understand the history of our perspectives on science.
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上一次认真读科学哲学，应该是十多年前的事情了，那时候还在大学。喜欢科学哲学，则更早，应该是中学。中学的时候，我们年级喜欢科学哲学的不只我一个，有那么一个小团体，被爱因斯坦的相对论以及玻尔的量子力学所吸引，看到了简洁美，也看到争论背后的玄妙。说小团体，其实不...
评分原文发表于《世界哲学》2004年第3期。 刘钢 译 1．引言 《科学革命的结构》（以下简称《结构》）一书出版后，库恩因其明显的相对主义的观点受到了批判。在辩护的过程中，库恩把自己说成是哲学家中的历史学家，所持的是历史学家关于科学进步的观点。在《结构》第二版的后记中，...
评分常在自然科学、社会科学当中看到范式一词，那么范式究竟是什么意思呢？本文旨在探讨自然科学中范式的概念。 最早提出自然科学提出范式一词的人是科学哲学家托马斯·库恩（Thomas Kunn) 提出并在《科学革命的结构》(The Structure of Scientific Revolutions)（１９６２）中系...
评分前言：我作为一个业余逼格提升爱好者，杂七杂八地读了一些科学哲学文章，并粗略地通读了托马斯•库恩的里程碑式著作《科学革命的结构》。恰逢所里也有人对此也有兴趣，姑且写点自己对这本书的理解，权当抛砖引玉。文中难免有偏颇疏漏之处，大家见谅。 托马斯•库恩所著...
评分如果要举出一位最有影响力的科学哲学家，非库恩莫属。单凭「范式」这一概念在各种理论之间随处可见、遍地开花，便足以见得其大红大紫，怕是再无他人能比。的确，「范式」的提出富有创见，在科学哲学与科学史上都具有里程碑的意义，却不免有诸般疏漏；然而库恩后来几次修正，也...
用户评价
学科学出身的人，表述确实清晰许多
评分so good
评分so good
评分这次读Kuhn明白了一件事：为什么给可爱的本科生小朋友们讲postcolonial theory讲了一学期他们还是在用modernization theory写essay——在不同的范式之间做出选择，这关乎信仰！
评分Pretty much ruined my interest to philosophy as a layman.
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