The Structure of Scientific Revolutions pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025
American historian and philosopher of science, a leading contributor to the change of focus in the philosophy and sociology of science in the 1960s. Thomas Samuel Kuhn was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He received a doctorate in theoretical physics from Harvard University in 1949. But he later shifted his interest to the history and philosophy of science, which he taught at Harvard, the University of California at Berkeley, Princeton University, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
In 1962, Kuhn published The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, which depicted the development of the basic natural sciences in an innovative way. According to Kuhn, the sciences do not uniformly progress strictly by scientific method. Rather, there are two fundamentally different phases of scientific development in the sciences. In the first phase, scientists work within a paradigm (set of accepted beliefs). When the foundation of the paradigm weakens and new theories and scientific methods begin to replace it, the next phase of scientific discovery takes place. Kuhn believes that scientific progress—that is, progress from one paradigm to another—has no logical reasoning. Kuhn's theory has triggered widespread, controversial discussion across many scientific disciplines.
- 科学哲学
- 哲学
- 科学史
- science
- 历史
- 科学
- 英文版
- 科学人文
A good book may have the power to change the way we see the world, but a great book actually becomes part of our daily consciousness, pervading our thinking to the point that we take it for granted, and we forget how provocative and challenging its ideas once were—and still are. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is that kind of book. When it was first published in 1962, it was a landmark event in the history and philosophy of science. Fifty years later, it still has many lessons to teach.
With The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Kuhn challenged long-standing linear notions of scientific progress, arguing that transformative ideas don’t arise from the day-to-day, gradual process of experimentation and data accumulation but that the revolutions in science, those breakthrough moments that disrupt accepted thinking and offer unanticipated ideas, occur outside of “normal science,” as he called it. Though Kuhn was writing when physics ruled the sciences, his ideas on how scientific revolutions bring order to the anomalies that amass over time in research experiments are still instructive in our biotech age.
This new edition of Kuhn’s essential work in the history of science includes an insightful introduction by Ian Hacking, which clarifies terms popularized by Kuhn, including paradigm and incommensurability, and applies Kuhn’s ideas to the science of today. Usefully keyed to the separate sections of the book, Hacking’s introduction provides important background information as well as a contemporary context. Newly designed, with an expanded index, this edition will be eagerly welcomed by the next generation of readers seeking to understand the history of our perspectives on science.
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读后感
一、科学的阶段： 库恩将整个科学的发展分为两个大的阶段：前范式阶段和范式阶段，范式即执导一切研究的大家公共的“承诺”和“共识”。前范式阶段被库恩称之为流派纷争的阶段，大家都没有统一的范式，对于如何研究往往具有不同的看法。而在范式阶段，大家则拥有共同的“...
评分不得不说，很赞的一本书。因为以前好像从没专门看过科哲的书，所以很有启发，揭示了科学作为学科本身的很多现象。 昨天看书看到一半又去看了好多遍《决战量子之巅》，看B站弹幕感觉大家都特别怀念那个伟大的时代。以前看《量子物理史话》的时候作者好像也说，活在那个时代的人...
评分【摘要】此文为T.S.的《科学革命的结构》发表50周年之际，加拿大哲学家I.哈金(Ian Hacking)为其第4版撰写的《导读》，旨在既介绍当年此书发表时所引发的效应和争论，也对半个世纪后的今天，如何看待它所提出的问题和存在的影响作出评论。因此，这一"导读"兼具导读和评论的双重...
评分《自然辨证法》 恩格斯 著 中共中央马、恩、列、斯著作编译局译 1971年8月1版 1971年9月1印 《科学革命的结构》 [美国] 托马斯•库恩 著 金吾伦 胡新和 译 北京大学出版社 2003年1月1版 2006年10月5印 以下引文中A表示前书，B表示后书 把这两本书放在一起比较，两位作...
评分我总在思考这样一个问题：当科学发展到能够解释万物，人性应当何去何从？这本书给了我一个不算答案的答案：根本无需思考这个问题，因为做科学的始终是人。 ——好吧，以上是我的脑洞。 大部分论及科学及其结构的著作，大多从逻辑结构出发，并由此推导出科学为何如此的结论。...
用户评价
Examples are drawn from 18th century chemistry, Newtonian and 20th century physics and astronomy in antiquity. wonder what he would say about computer science (is it really a science?) had he ever witness what happened in the second half of 20th century.
评分观点值得学习，但是这文字读着实在让人难受
评分学科学出身的人，表述确实清晰许多
评分主意看起来很简单但是其实还是挺复杂的，一不小心就会（像我的教授一样）把Kuhn误读。The main purpose of this book is to dispense science from naive rules and methods, the messianic Truth, and transcendental Nature, but not to argue that science does not progress and scientists in different communities cannot possibly communicate with each other. Weakened geniuses' role.
评分社会学可以杀死哲学（Hegel），给了科学（Physical Science）致命一击（Kuhn），又曾对文学下手（Moretti），不知有没有被其他杀死的一天啊，比如生物？
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