Civilization and Its Discontents pdf epub mobi txt 電子書下載 2024

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Sigmund Freud

W. W. Norton & Company

James Strachey

1989-9-17

127

USD 12.95

Paperback

9780393301588

圖書標籤: 心理學 Freud 精神分析弗洛伊德 Psychology 社會理論哲學社會學/人類學

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发表于2024-08-07

Civilization and Its Discontents epub 下載 mobi 下載 pdf 下載 txt 電子書下載 2024

Civilization and Its Discontents pdf epub mobi txt 電子書下載 2024

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In what remains one of his most seminal papers, Freud considers the incompatibility of civilisation and individual happiness, and the tensions between the claims of society and the individual. We all know that living in civilised groups means sacrificing a degree of personal interest, but couldn't you argue that it in fact creates the conditions for our happiness? Freud explores the arguments and counter-arguments surrounding this proposition, focusing on what he perceives to be one of society's greatest dangers; 'civilised' sexual morality. After all, doesn't repression of sexuality deeply affect people and compromise their chances of happiness? --This text refers to the Paperback edition.

Civilization and Its Discontents 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書

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Civilization and Its Discontents pdf epub mobi txt 電子書下載

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用戶評價

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Civilization is the very cause of our unhappiness and misery. As Freud argues, we are by nature “libido-driven, aggressive animals” wanting nothing but desire, either sexually or destructively. And civilization, by injecting “super-ego“ as a self-policing mechanism, punishes us through our sense of guilt.

評分☆☆☆☆☆

Freud總結，superego對id的抑製，助於現代文明的實現。這裏可以連係到心理疾病。結閤modernism和madness，心理疾病其實可以視作是id對superego的一種反擊或抵抗。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

文明是建立在棄絕/控製本能、現實原則壓倒快感原則、將愛欲非性欲化乃至升華、以及負罪感之上的。區分兩種快感的獲得方式：主動追求快感或避免不快；弗氏對“愛你的鄰居如同愛你自己”這一信條進行瞭批判，暗含瞭對共産主義的懷疑，呼籲給侵犯性行為/私産留有餘地；人類文明由愛欲和死欲之間的衝突驅動；負罪感源於對外部權威（壓抑本能）和超我的恐懼。從小被慈父帶大的孩子，因其侵犯性行為無對外釋放的渠道，轉而內化為超我和自我的激烈對抗，故而習得瞭嚴格的道德感，而來自外部的挫敗會更加強超我的道德感；負罪感關乎作惡的念頭（意圖），反而和是否真正作惡（行動）無關，亦是愛欲和死欲的永恒衝突的錶現（需重讀）；個人的發展有著自我中心/利他主義的兩種傾嚮，社會文明發展完全強調後者。此書或可當成弗氏在納粹威脅初露鋒芒時的悲觀預言。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

肅然起敬。