The Art of Being Governed pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025
- 历史
- 海外中国研究
- 明清史
- 宋怡明
- 社会学
- 社会史
- 历史人类学
- 明史
- 政治哲学
- 治理艺术
- 权力结构
- 公民意识
- 制度设计
- 社会秩序
- 公共管理
- 领导力
- 政府责任
- 公民参与
具体描述
How did ordinary people in the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) deal with the demands of the state? In The Art of Being Governed, Michael Szonyi explores the myriad ways that families fulfilled their obligations to provide a soldier to the army. The complex strategies they developed to manage their responsibilities suggest a new interpretation of an important period in China's history as well as a broader theory of politics.
Using previously untapped sources, including lineage genealogies and internal family documents, Szonyi examines how soldiers and their families living on China's southeast coast minimized the costs and maximized the benefits of meeting government demands for manpower. Families that had to provide a soldier for the army set up elaborate rules to ensure their obligation was fulfilled, and to provide incentives for the soldier not to desert his post. People in the system found ways to gain advantages for themselves and their families. For example, naval officers used the military's protection to engage in the very piracy and smuggling they were supposed to suppress. Szonyi demonstrates through firsthand accounts how subjects of the Ming state operated in a space between defiance and compliance, and how paying attention to this middle ground can help us better understand not only Ming China but also other periods and places.
作者简介
Michael Szonyi is professor of Chinese history and director of the Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies at Harvard University. His books include Practicing Kinship: Lineage and Descent in Late Imperial China and Cold War Island: Quemoy on the Front Line.
目录信息
Dramatis Familiae xiii
Introduction A Father Loses Three Sons to the Army: Everyday Politics in Ming China 1
PART I IN THE VILLAGE
1 A Younger Brother Inherits a Windfall: Conscription, Military Service, and Family Strategies 25
2 A Family Reunion Silences a Bully: New Social Relations between Soldiers and Their Kin 64
PART II IN THE GUARD 3 An Officer in Cahoots with Pirates: Coastal Garrisons and Maritime Smuggling 83
4 An Officer Founds a School: New Social Relations in the Guards 109
PART III IN THE MILITARY COLONY
5 A Soldier Curses a Clerk: Regulatory Arbitrage Strategies in the Military Colonies 131
6 A Temple with Two Gods: Managing Social Relations between Soldier-Farmers and Local Civilians 159
PART IV AFTER THE MING
7 A God Becomes an Ancestor: Post-Ming Legacies of the Military System 191
Conclusion 215
Acknowledgments 239
Glossary 241
Notes 245
Bibliography 269
Illustration Sources 291
Index 293
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读后感
翻了翻笔记，从1月29号开始看，每天从写志的时间中抽出约一个小时阅读，到3月20日正式读完。收获不小。本书可以笼统概括为“上有政策下有对策”的研究，但若是仔细探究又会觉得这种概括太过于简略而忽略了很多细节。要完整概述本书主题不容易：在明代军事制度下，民众是如何应...
评分用户评价
小切口历史人类学。从家谱民间叙述和documents中重建明代军户制度的原貌。细致有趣。作者从none-structural perspective挖掘被统治者如何maximize family interest和整体解构进行互动，顺带讲了明代海上贸易与军户“倭寇”间的复杂关系，以及屯戍制度与土地流转的张力。Impressive story telling!
评分学术也是arbitrage的艺术……
评分从如此小且冷门的角度切入明史，所探讨的问题却是明朝根本的军事制度问题，且讨论了平民与国家之间互动，并利用这种互动，让自己的利益最大化。老百姓虽是被统治的对象，却在互动中并非被动的一方，其中可操作可主导的空间很大。作者还进一步论证了民间应对策略的问题，这些策略直至今天仍在中国民间与国家的关系中起着作用。
评分1）英文本剛出版的時候就買了，但一直放在書架上沒打開來過。現在中譯本也已經出了，還是老老實實拿來讀一遍吧；2）本書在學術上的貢獻，中譯本條目下薩博·羅薩博士（Dr. Sub Rosa XD...）的短評已經寫得很清楚了。我相信，對明清史，尤其是明清社會經濟史和法制史，以及華南研究有了解的朋友，應該是很能夠進入本書的脈絡的。其實Szonyi講的東西並不難，但值得注意的是，他用了怎樣的理論架構以及敘述脈絡，串起一些既有的研究，然後把故事講得清楚，說得精彩；3）關於「套利」，可以讀一讀宮崎廣和（Hirokazu Miyazaki）的Arbitraging Japan；4）突然發現宋怡明的三本書我都讀過，講金門的依稀還有印象，第一本Practicing Kinship已經完全不知道講的是啥了。。。
评分继承了传统汉学见微知著的特点，从微观研究中探讨基本的「国家-社会」的宏大问题，在如今的美国中国史研究中显得尤为难得。太久没读明代研究，感觉还是那么熟悉。
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