Equality and Partiality pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載2025
Thomas Nagel (/ˈneɪɡəl/; born July 4, 1937) is an American philosopher, currently University Professor of Philosophy and Law Emeritus at New York University in the NYU Department of Philosophy, where he has taught since 1980. His main areas of philosophical interest are philosophy of mind, political philosophy and ethics.
Nagel is well known for his critique of reductionist accounts of the mind, particularly in his essay "What Is it Like to Be a Bat?" (1974), and for his contributions to deontological and liberal moral and political theory in The Possibility of Altruism (1970) and subsequent writings. Continuing his critique of reductionism, he is the author of Mind and Cosmos (2012), in which he argues against a reductionist view, and specifically the neo-Darwinian view, of the emergence of consciousness.
- 政治哲學
- Nagel
- 倫理學
- 內格爾
- Philosophy
- Equality
- 道德哲學
- 政治科學
Derived from Thomas Nagel's Locke Lectures, Equality and Partiality proposes a nonutopian account of political legitimacy, based on the need to accommodate both personal and impersonal motives in any credible moral theory, and therefore in any political theory with a moral foundation. Within each individual, Nagel believes, there is a division between two standpoints, the personal and the impersonal. Without the impersonal standpoint, there would be no morality, only the clash, compromise, and occasional convergence of individual perspectives. It is because a human being does not occupy only his own point of view that each of us is susceptible to the claims of others through private and public morality. Political systems, to be legitimate, must achieve an integration of these two standpoints within the individual. These ideas are applied to specific problems such as social and economic inequality, toleration, international justice, and the public support of culture. Nagel points to the problem of balancing equality and partiality as the most important issue with which political theorists are now faced.
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內格爾的書真是讓人糾結誒……
评分內格爾的書真是讓人糾結誒……
评分恨沒有早看！內格爾把其‘非個人視角’應用到政治理論領域的嘗試，結閤斯坎倫‘閤理拒絕’論述而主張具備政治閤法性的基礎製度安排乃基於對非個人及個人視角下理由的調和；單純仰賴非個人或個人視角理由的基礎製度安排都無法符閤‘閤理拒絕’的元倫理原則。提齣部分構成閤法性基礎的所謂‘道德分工原則’，在基礎製度框架與在該製度框架下的個體行為在製度設施中反映兩種視角。指齣(在基礎製度框架範疇內)實現均等分配在政治閤法性上的睏難及為非均等的部分分配結果進行辯護。兩視角的衝突與調和作為證成方案的基礎似乎比羅爾斯方案的基礎更令人信服，在對非偏倚分配的要求上似乎比後者走得更遠(內格爾似乎信納帕菲特的‘優先性原則’作為對羅氏‘差彆原則’的重述)。論述無比清晰流暢，對閤法性問題之根的解讀充滿洞見！
评分內格爾的書真是讓人糾結誒……
评分對John Rawls理論的補充和迴應，提齣的問題很重要。小身材大味道。
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