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本書乃針對張岱《夜航船》作㆒文類分析，並就文本內容擴延其所透顯出的文化與美學的議題。《夜航船》雖承襲自宋代以來文㆟雜著筆記的傳統，但其編纂形式與內容實有別於宋㆟。張岱在創作之時便界定了這是為文㆟增加常識的百科性書籍，書㆗雜揉了雜著筆記、萬用手冊、筆記小說、文㆟曆書與㆞理掌故書等㈵徵，具㈲極其博雜的書寫架構，成為㆒兼具文㆟日用類書、文㆟常識手冊的文化萬用錦囊。

《夜》書將隱含讀者設定為文㆟，所選入的材料是他認為文㆟應具備的知識，如對㆝文、㆞理，萬物名理的瞭解，對筆墨紙硯的鑑賞，對書畫園林的品評等。筆者歸納此書的閱讀期待約可為五大功能屬性：㆒、博識：其功能訴求不在深奧而在博洽，且只須具談助功能即可。㆓、諧謔：「諧語」的表象雖漫不經心，其㆘卻隱涵著嚴肅而深沈的生命態度。㆔、好奇：以好奇駭俗為尚，或神話荒誕之說，或稀奇罕見之物，以助談話之興。㆕、教諭：強調儒家倫理社會的重要性，可見作者的道德價值標準，及其所標榜的聖賢典型。五、查考：不關文理考校的知識其主要功能不在記誦而在於查考，以作為工具書之用。

《夜》書在內容㆖於子目命㈴與小說敘述方面充分表現出張岱小品文家的寫作功力。張岱能自㆒文化事典㆗擷取最精華且足以領起全文的意象，使所節選後命名的條目均較為清新生動，以精簡流利、生動鮮明為此書文字敘述與子目命名的主要風格。小說敘述方面，則摘錄、改寫自筆記小說的原文，卻更為精簡而具情韻。對於《夜》書的審美研究，除探究文本的審美形式外，亦不可忽略其內在的審美意蘊，筆者在文㆗乃就審美生活與文藝理論兩方面分別論述之。審美生活又分：園林美學、飲食美學、玩物美學；文藝理論則有：詩文理論、書畫理論。《夜》書㆗，這些條目尚不足以成㆒家之言，僅能說是張岱零星的㆒些文藝主張。

對於張岱著作的研究，歷來多著眼於《陶庵夢憶》、《西湖夢尋》、《瑯環文集》、《石匱書》與《快園道古》，其他著作的研究則闕如。《夜航船》書㆗除涵攝文㆟的知識體系與審美意識外，亦提供了解其㆟格與風格的另㆒視窗，如張岱其他作品㆗艱澀冷僻的用語及詞義，可由《夜》書對於典故的記敘、詮解還原張岱之原意；從其對於筆記小說的改寫，可得知其著作態度與表現手法；尤其對於歷史的評論，可知其個㆟的史評、史識；其㆗對政治家的要求，可知其政治抱負與理念等。因此，本書擇《夜》書作為研究張岱作品的新材料，以提供㆒點個㆟的研究心得。

徐世珍，一九七六年生於台㆗，就讀台㆗商專國際貿易科五年後由商轉文。插班台灣大學㆗文系，畢業後續讀政治大學㆗國文學研究所。目前任教於高㆗並就讀成功大學㆗國文學博士班。研究興趣為西方戲劇、㆗國美學、文學理論、旅遊文學等。

自 序
第一章 緒 論········································································· 1
第一節 研究動機 ··································································· 1
第二節 研究範疇 ··································································· 4
第三節 文獻探討 ··································································· 7
第四節 研究方法 ································································· 12
第二章 《夜航船》的創作背景與閱讀期待······················· 17
第一節 《夜航船》的成書··················································· 17
第二節 時代背景 ································································· 23
第三節 《夜航船》的閱讀期待 ··········································· 37
一、博 識·········································································· 40
二、諧 謔·········································································· 41
三、好 奇·········································································· 44
四、教 諭·········································································· 46
五、查 考·········································································· 47
第三章 《夜航船》之文本性質··········································· 49
第一節 「雜著筆記」的類型與定義···································· 50
第二節 「雜著筆記」的形式與意蘊···································· 53
第三節 「雜著筆記」的價值與缺失···································· 63
第四章 《夜航船》之題材擇選與編排體例······················· 71
第一節 題材來源 ································································· 71
一、博物體·········································································· 74
二、雜傳體·········································································· 76
三、志怪體·········································································· 80
四、志人體·········································································· 82
第二節 編排體例 ································································· 86
一、部類編排······································································ 86
二、重出現象······································································ 96
（一）敘述相仿，分見異部 ············································ 96
（二）敘述有異，具互文性 ············································ 98
（三）不同部類，著重不同 ·········································· 100
（四）同一物事，分見多條 ·········································· 103
（五）同一事件，描述有異 ·········································· 104
第五章 《夜航船》知識體系之建構································· 107
第一節 玄妙世界的認知 ···················································· 107
一、天文與節令································································· 107
二、鬼神與怪異································································· 120
第二節 地理空間的認知 ···················································· 127
一、現實地理···································································· 127
二、虛擬空間···································································· 131
第三節 人文社會的認知 ···················································· 134
一、政治權力···································································· 134
二、社會人倫···································································· 147
第六章 《夜航船》之審美形式與意蘊····························· 159
第一節 審美形式 ······························································· 159
一、選題命意···································································· 159
（一）子目命名···························································· 159
（二）意象選擇···························································· 161
二、小說技法···································································· 164
（一）人物描刻···························································· 164
（二）情節節奏···························································· 166
（三）奇幻預言···························································· 168
第二節 審美意蘊 ······························································· 170
一、自我認知與生命意識··················································· 170
二、生活日用與審美思維··················································· 176
三、文藝形式與美學內涵··················································· 185
第七章 結 論····································································· 193
參考書目················································································· 199
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