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美国著名人类学家和无政府主义者，伦敦大学戈德史密斯学院高级讲师。他曾为《哈珀斯》、《国家》、Mute杂志、《新左派评论》等国家媒体供稿。大卫•格雷伯是伦敦经济学院2006年度马林诺夫斯基纪念讲座主讲人。该讲座为向重塑研究文化的杰出人类学家致敬而设，每年举办一次。
- 人类学
- 经济
- 金融
- 社会学
- anthropology
- 经济史
- money
- DavidGraeber(1961-)
Before there was money, there was debt
Every economics textbook says the same thing: Money was invented to replace onerous and complicated barter systems—to relieve ancient people from having to haul their goods to market. The problem with this version of history? There’s not a shred of evidence to support it.
Here anthropologist David Graeber presents a stunning reversal of conventional wisdom. He shows that for more than 5,000 years, since the beginnings of the first agrarian empires, humans have used elaborate credit systems to buy and sell goods—that is, long before the invention of coins or cash. It is in this era, Graeber argues, that we also first encounter a society divided into debtors and creditors.
Graeber shows that arguments about debt and debt forgiveness have been at the center of political debates from Italy to China, as well as sparking innumerable insurrections. He also brilliantly demonstrates that the language of the ancient works of law and religion (words like “guilt,” “sin,” and “redemption”) derive in large part from ancient debates about debt, and shape even our most basic ideas of right and wrong. We are still fighting these battles today without knowing it.
Debt: The First 5,000 Years is a fascinating chronicle of this little known history—as well as how it has defined human history, and what it means for the credit crisis of the present day and the future of our economy.
具体描述
读后感
如果你以为这是一本经济学著作，那你就错了。 如果我知道这是一个人类学家写的书，我可能连翻阅的兴趣都没有。 这本书最容易引起人阅读兴趣的地方就在第一章第三页，作者对四个关键字——欠债还钱——的质疑。 欠债还钱，_ _ _ _。 空格上填什么？99%的人会写“天经地...
评分一般古典经济学家认为人类货币的起源，始自"以物易物"、"货币交易"与"信用借偿"的自然过程，但作者试图以人类学的研究成果，推翻古典经济学缺乏论证的主张。通过历史回顾，David Graeber认为货币的起源应该倒反过来，是"信用借偿"、"货币交易"，最后才是"以物易物"。此主张与古...
评分- 记录债务的信用体系发生在货币以前，货币是为方便转移债务而发明。以物换物只发生在陌生人之间。 - 金银是战争的同谋，而不是和平的附属。 - 按照虚拟货币和金属货币的交易为依据，把欧亚史分为第一农耕帝国时代（前3500-前800，庙宇里的贵金属是国家系统的基石，陶片记债法...
评分 评分《债》是一个人类学家大卫●格雷柏讲述人类五千年进程中债的起源、如何演绎的历史。 他的一些观点颠覆了我们学过的经济学常识，例如货币的起源并非是亚当斯密所说的原始人物物交换，只不过是人们往来的记账标记。债不同于责任，是可以精确度量的；往往由于双方对债的度量、利息...
用户评价
erudite,profund,subversive and liberating.
评分粗读一遍，待再读
评分Call me gullible, but I’m largely sold on this. I am no expert in economics and the like, and, to be honest, I was a bit bored in the middle. But the author made me look at human history in a new light, and it definitely entrenched my disillusionment in our economy.
评分有点意思，从debt&credit的角度来看人类经济活动，认不认同另当别论。但作者有一个观点比较颠覆：没有足够证据证明严格意义上的以物易物在人类历史上普遍存在过，所以不能作为一个整体意义上的阶段性经济活动，新时代占星学又扯淡了
评分Do we have choice?
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