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At a time when the label "conservative" is indiscriminately applied to fundamentalists, populists, libertarians, fascists, and the advocates of one or another orthodoxy, this volume offers a nuanced and historically informed presentation of what is distinctive about conservative social and political thought. It is an anthology with an argument, locating the origins of modern conservatism within the Enlightenment and distinguishing between conservatism and orthodoxy. Bringing together important specimens of European and American conservative social and political analysis from the mid-eighteenth century through our own day, Conservatism demonstrates that while the particular institutions that conservatives have sought to conserve have varied, there are characteristic features of conservative argument that recur over time and across national borders. The book proceeds chronologically through the following sections: Enlightenment Conservatism (David Hume, Edmund Burke, and Justus Mser), The Critique of Revolution (Burke, Louis de Bonald, Joseph de Maistre, James Madison, and Rufus Choate), Authority (Matthew Arnold, James Fitzjames Stephen), Inequality (W. H. Mallock, Joseph A. Schumpeter), The Critique of Good Intentions (William Graham Sumner), War (T. E. Hulme), Democracy (Carl Schmitt, Schumpeter), The Limits of Rationalism (Winston Churchill, Michael Oakeshott, Friedrich Hayek, Edward Banfield), The Critique of Social and Cultural Emancipation (Irving Kristol, Peter Berger and Richard John Neuhaus, Hermann Lbbe), and Between Social Science and Cultural Criticism (Arnold Gehlen, Philip Rieff). The book contains an afterword on recurrent tensions and dilemmas of conservative thought.

杰里·马勒毕业于哥伦比亚大学。现任教于美国天主教大学历史系。著有《亚当·斯密在他的时代和我们的时代》（Adam Smith in His Time and Ours，1995)，《精神与市场：现代欧洲思想中的资本主义》（The Mind and the Market: Capitalism in Modern European Thought，2002，2003），《资本主义与犹太人》（Capitalism and the Jews，2010）。

Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction: What is Conservative Social and Political Thought? 3
Ch. 1 Enlightenment Conservatism 32
"Of Justice," from An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals (1751)
"Preface" to A Vindication of Natural Society (Second Edition, 1757)
"On the Diminished Disgrace of Whores and Their Children in Our Day" (1772)
"No Promotion According to Merit" (c. 1770)
Ch. 2 The Critique of Revolution 78
Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790)
On Divorce (1801)
Essay on the Generative Principle of Political Constitutions and of Other Human Institutions (1814)
"Federalist No. 49" (1788)
"The Position and Functions of the American Bar, as an Element of Conservatism in the State" (1845)
Ch. 3 Authority 167
Culture and Anarchy (1869)
Liberty, Equality, Fraternity (1874)
Ch. 4 Inequality 210
Aristocracy and Evolution: A Study of the Rights, the Origin, and Social Functions of the Wealthier Classes (1898)
"Aptitude and Social Mobility" (1927)
Ch. 5 The Critique of Good Intentions 233
"Sociological Fallacies" (1884)
"On the Case of a Certain Man Who Is Never Thought Of" (1883)
"An Examination of a Noble Sentiment" (c. 1887)
Ch. 6 War 249
"Essays on War" (1916)
Ch. 7 Democracy 261
"When Parliament Cannot be Sovereign" (1931)
"Political Leadership and Democracy" (1942)
Ch. 8 The Limits of Rationalism 285
"Speech on Rebuilding the House of Commons" (1943)
"Rationalism in Politics" (1947)
"The Errors of Constructivism" (1970)
The Mirage of Social Justice (1973)
The Unheavenly City Revisited (1974)
Ch. 9 The Critique of Social and Cultural Emancipation 358
"Pornography, Obscenity, and the Case for Censorship" (1971)
To Empower People: The Role of Mediating Structures in Public Policy (1977)
"The Social Consequences of Attempts to Create Equality (1984)
Ch. 10 Between Social Science and Cultural Criticism 401
"On Culture, Nature, and Naturalness" (1958)
"Man and Institutions" (1960)
"Toward a Theory of Culture" (1966)
Afterword: Recurrent Tensions and Dilemmas of Conservative Thought
Guide to Further Reading 427
Index
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