Against the Grain pdf epub mobi txt 電子書下載 2024

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James C. Scott

Yale University Press

2017-8-22

336

USD 26.00

Hardcover

9780300182910

圖書標籤: 人類學曆史農業文明斯科特社會科學文化史 history

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发表于2024-10-03

Against the Grain epub 下載 mobi 下載 pdf 下載 txt 電子書下載 2024

Against the Grain pdf epub mobi txt 電子書下載 2024

圖書描述

Why did humans abandon hunting and gathering for sedentary communities dependent on livestock and cereal grains, and governed by precursors of today’s states? Most people believe that plant and animal domestication allowed humans, finally, to settle down and form agricultural villages, towns, and states, which made possible civilization, law, public order, and a presumably secure way of living. But archaeological and historical evidence challenges this narrative. The first agrarian states, says James C. Scott, were born of accumulations of domestications: first fire, then plants, livestock, subjects of the state, captives, and finally women in the patriarchal family—all of which can be viewed as a way of gaining control over reproduction.

Scott explores why we avoided sedentism and plow agriculture, the advantages of mobile subsistence, the unforeseeable disease epidemics arising from crowding plants, animals, and grain, and why all early states are based on millets and cereal grains and unfree labor. He also discusses the “barbarians” who long evaded state control, as a way of understanding continuing tension between states and nonsubject peoples.

Against the Grain 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書

著者簡介

圖書目錄

Against the Grain pdf epub mobi txt 電子書下載

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用戶評價

評分☆☆☆☆☆

關於早期聚落和國傢的瘟疫部分也是應景……不過不知道Scott有沒有讀過《基裏尼亞加》……

評分☆☆☆☆☆

榖物與收稅官

評分☆☆☆☆☆

農業革命是最大的騙局，始作俑者是榖物、國傢、群居、瘟疫

評分☆☆☆☆☆

“for a state to be reliant on a staple that could easily be taxed - and grain was the ideal” 所以在某些不種榖物的高地（例如中國西南和東南亞高地）“政教不及，人跡罕到”

評分☆☆☆☆☆

進入農業社會並不是人類綫性上升階梯上至關重要的一環，而是各種偶然和必然因素作用下人類社會變遷中漫長的一個過程。這個觀點不算新鮮，但這本書特彆強調農業社會和非農業的“蠻夷”社會之間不但在很長時間裏都沒有高下之分，而且互相轉換，保持錯綜復雜的關係，隻不過因為寫曆史的往往是農業社會的統治者，所以韆百年來對“文明”和“野蠻”之分帶上瞭偏見。實際上"蠻夷"的生活往往更健康、自由、多産、豐富，而農業社會除瞭少數上層既得利益者，大多數人辛苦勞作，飲食單一，瘟疫頻發。但是，農業社會最後終於贏在人口優勢上——雖然平均壽命低，嬰兒死亡率驚人，但是生育率高，最終造成人口大規模增長，占領全球。但書隻講早期曆史，而我在想，農業社會是不是進入工業和現代社會的唯一途徑？人類漫長的非農業曆史如果不被打破，會如何？