Apache Hadoop is right at the heart of the Big Data revolution. In the brand-new Release 2, Hadoop’s data processing has been thoroughly overhauled. The result is Apache Hadoop YARN, a generic compute fabric providing resource management at datacenter scale, and a simple method to implement distributed applications such as MapReduce to process petabytes of data on Apache Hadoop HDFS. Apache Hadoop 2 and YARN truly deserve to be called breakthroughs.
In Apache Hadoop YARN , key YARN developer Arun Murthy shows how the key design changes in Apache Hadoop lead to increased scalability and cluster utilization, new programming models and services, and the ability to move beyond Java and batch processing within the Hadoop ecosystem. Readers also learn to run existing applications like Pig and Hive under the Apache Hadoop 2 MapReduce framework, and develop new applications that take absolutely full advantage of Hadoop YARN resources. Drawing on insights from the entire Apache Hadoop 2 team, Murthy and Dr. Douglas Eadline:
Review Apache Hadoop YARN’s goals, design, architecture, and components
Guide you through installation and administration of the new YARN architecture,
Demonstrate how to optimize existing MapReduce applications quickly
Identify the functional requirements for each element of an Apache Hadoop 2 application
Walk you through a complete sample application project
Offer multiple examples and case studies drawn from their cutting-edge experience
About the Author
Arun Murthy (California) has contributed to Apache Hadoop full-time since the inception of the project in early 2006. He is a long-term Hadoop Committer and a member of the Apache Hadoop Project Management Committee. Previously, he was the architect and lead of the Yahoo Hadoop Map-Reduce development team and was ultimately responsible, technically, for providing Hadoop Map-Reduce as a service for all of Yahoo - currently running on nearly 50,000 machines! Arun is the Founder and Architect of the Hortonworks Inc., a software company that is helping to accelerate the development and adoption of Apache Hadoop. Hortonworks was formed by the key architects and core Hadoop committers from the Yahoo! Hadoop software engineering team in June 2011 in order to accelerate the development and adoption of Apache Hadoop. Funded by Yahoo! and Benchmark Capital, one of the preeminent technology investors, their goal is to ensure that Apache Hadoop becomes the standard platform for storing, processing, managing and analyzing big data. He lives in Silicon Valley in California.
Douglas Eadline (Pennsylvania), PhD, began his career as a practitioner and a chronicler of the Linux Cluster HPC revolution and now documents big data analytics. Starting with the first Beowulf How To document, Dr. Eadline has written hundreds of articles, white papers, and instructional documents covering virtually all aspects of HPC computing. Prior to starting and editing the popular ClusterMonkey.net web site in 2005, he served as Editorinchief for ClusterWorld Magazine, and was Senior HPC Editor for Linux Magazine. Currently, he is a consultant to the HPC industry and writes a monthly column in HPC Admin Magazine. Both clients and readers have recognized Dr. Eadline's ability to present a "technological value proposition" in a clear and accurate style. He has practical hands on experience in many aspects of HPC including, hardware and software design, benchmarking, storage, GPU, cloud, and parallel computing.
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初捧此书,我原本期待的是一本硬核的API参考手册,毕竟YARN的复杂性常常令人望而却步。然而,这本书带给我的惊喜,在于它对Hadoop大数据平台整体架构中“调度层”这一关键节点的战略地位的深刻阐释。它将YARN置于整个数据处理流程的心脏位置,清晰地描绘了MapReduce v1到YARN的范式转变,这种历史脉络的梳理极大地帮助我理解了当前设计的合理性,避免了陷入对既有技术“为什么是这样”的盲目接受。书中关于资源隔离的章节,特别是对Cgroups和Namespace技术在YARN中的集成应用进行了深入的探讨,这部分的详述,让我明白了如何在高并发、多用户共享的集群环境中,确保关键业务不受“邻居效应”的影响。作者对于如何设计和实现自定义的ApplicationMaster的步骤讲解得极其细致,从Skeleton的搭建到与ResourceManager的状态同步,每一步都配有清晰的流程图和代码片段示例,这对于进行深度定制化开发的读者而言,简直是雪中送炭。这本书的深度和广度,使其远超一本普通的“如何操作”的指南,更像是一本“如何设计和优化”的工程师手册。
评分这本书的叙述风格非常“务实”且“去神秘化”,它没有用华丽的辞藻去渲染Hadoop技术的先进性,而是用一种严谨、近乎工程文档的口吻,将YARN这只“野兽”驯服得服服帖帖。我特别欣赏其中关于故障排查(Troubleshooting)的那几个章节,它们不是堆砌错误码,而是基于实际生产环境中的常见场景,比如NodeManager假死、资源预留冲突导致的作业阻塞、或者跨数据中心集群的联邦化(Federation)配置失误等,给出了系统的诊断思路和解决步骤。这种“实战派”的写作风格,对于那些在凌晨两点被监控系统叫醒的运维人员来说,具有极高的参考价值。此外,书中对YARN在混合云环境下的部署策略进行了探讨,这在当前业界普遍采用多云或混合云架构的背景下,显得尤为及时和前瞻。阅读过程中,我发现作者对细节的关注程度达到了令人发指的地步,例如,关于ApplicationAttempt的状态转换逻辑,仅仅一个枚举值的变化,作者就能引申出整个资源分配流程的潜在风险点,这种深度思考的体现,是任何入门教程所无法比拟的。
评分这本书的书名是《Apache Hadoop YARN》,但读完之后,我感觉它更像是一本深入浅出、面面俱到的技术指南,它并没有仅仅停留在YARN这个核心组件的API层面,而是花了大量篇幅去剖析Hadoop生态系统在资源调度和管理方面所经历的演进和背后的设计哲学。尤其让我印象深刻的是作者对“公平性”和“可扩展性”这两个看似矛盾的需求是如何在YARN的架构设计中找到微妙的平衡点的。书中对Capacity Scheduler和Fair Scheduler的对比分析极为透彻,不是简单地罗列配置参数,而是从多租户隔离、资源预留、以及作业优先级处理的实际业务场景出发,推导出为什么在特定场景下应该选择哪一种调度器。它甚至深入探讨了Container的生命周期管理,包括启动、健康检查、资源回收的底层机制,很多细节是我在阅读其他资料时经常被忽略的,比如JVM选项的精细调优如何影响NodeManager的性能表现。这本书的结构安排也体现了作者的深厚功力,从宏观的架构总览到微观的源码注释,层层递进,让读者能够构建一个完整的知识体系,而不是零散的知识点堆砌。对于希望从“会用Hadoop”迈向“理解Hadoop”的工程师来说,这本书的价值无可替代。
评分老实说,这本书的阅读体验并不轻松,它要求读者对Linux系统内核基础和网络I/O有一定的了解,但这种“硬核”恰恰是其价值所在。它没有为了迎合初学者而牺牲深度,而是直接将读者带入了YARN内部复杂的状态机和异步通信模型之中。书中对ResourceManager与NodeManager之间通信协议(如RPC机制)的剖析,是理解集群高可用性的关键。我花费了大量的精力去理解Leader/Follower之间的心跳机制和故障切换逻辑,书中通过序列图的方式,将原本抽象的交互过程可视化,极大地降低了理解门槛。更让我感到兴奋的是,书中竟然涉及到YARN在处理GPU、FPGA等异构计算资源时的扩展思路,这已经超出了传统CPU/内存调度的范畴,直接触及了下一代数据中心资源管理的趋势。对于那些致力于构建下一代大数据平台或进行深度性能优化的架构师而言,这本书提供的不仅仅是知识,更是一种面向未来的设计视角和方法论。
评分这本书的结构布局非常具有逻辑性,它遵循了一种经典的“What-Why-How-What If”的讲解模式。前一部分清晰界定了YARN是什么以及它解决了Hadoop历史上的哪些痛点,解释了为什么需要一个统一的资源管理器。接着,它花费了大量的篇幅详细拆解了ResourceManager和NodeManager的关键模块和接口定义,这是“How”的部分。但真正让我惊艳的是最后对“What If”的探讨,也就是对未来演进方向的预测和对现有框架局限性的坦诚分析。作者并未神化YARN,而是直言不讳地指出了在面对TB/PB级别超大规模集群时可能出现的性能瓶颈,并探讨了社区正在尝试的改进方案,比如更轻量级的Container启动机制等。这种批判性思维贯穿全书,使得读者在学习之余,还能保持对技术发展的敏感度。从如何编写第一个Application到如何对整个集群进行资源压力测试和容量规划,这本书提供了一个完整的闭环学习路径,称得上是大数据资源管理领域一本不可多得的参考巨著。
评分http://yarn-book.com
评分不仅介绍了YARN的核心基础概念及运行机制,还介绍了安装、运行、管理YARN(及HDFS)~ 更深入点的东西源码见~
评分概述性的介绍架构,非常清楚
评分http://yarn-book.com
评分不仅介绍了YARN的核心基础概念及运行机制,还介绍了安装、运行、管理YARN(及HDFS)~ 更深入点的东西源码见~
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