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In this bold, sweeping study of the development of Western economies, Douglass C. North sets forth a new view of societal change.

At the core of Professor North's investigation is the question of property rights, the arrangements individuals and groups have made through history to deal with the fundamental economic problem of scarce resources.

In six theoretical chapters, Professor North examines the structure of economic systems, outlines an economic theory of the state and the ideologies that undergird various modes of economic organization, and then explores the dynamic forces such as new technologies that cause institutions to adapt in order to survive. With this analytical framework in place, major phases in Western history come under careful reappraisal, from the origins of agriculture and the neolithic revolution through the political economy of the ancient and medieval worlds to the industrial revolution and the economic transformations of the twentieth century.

Structure and Change in Economic History is a work that will reshape many established explanations of the growth of the west.

Douglass Cecil North is also professor of history and a fellow of the Center in Political Economy. He was on the faculty of the University of Washington and held visiting chairs at Cambridge and Rice Universities. In 1993 he was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and has served as president of the Economic History Association and the Western Economic Association. His major interest is the evolution of economic and political institutions. The effects of institutions on the development of economies through time is a major emphasis in his work in both economic history and development. Among his books are The Rise of the Western World (with R. P. Thomas, 2nd edition), 1973, Growth and Welfare in the American Past, 1973, Structure and Change in Economic History, 1981, and Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance, 1990.

Contents Preface
ix

Part I • Theory
1

Chapter 1 • The Issues
3

Chapter 2 • An Introduction to the Structure of Economies
13

Chapter 3 • A Neoclassical Theory of the State
20

Chapter 4 • A Framework for Analyzing Economic
Organization in History
33

Chapter 5 • Ideology and the Free Rider Problem
45

Chapter 6 • Structure and Change in Economic History
59

Part II • History
69

Introduction
71

Chapter 7 • The First Economic Revolution
72

Chapter 8 • The Organizational Consequences of the
First Economic Revolution
90

Chapter 9 • Economic Change and Decline in the
Ancient World
113

Chapter 10 • The Rise and Decline of Feudalism
124

-vii-
Chapter 11 • Structure and Change in Early Modern
Europe
143

Chapter 12 • The Industrial Revolution Reconsidered
158

Chapter 13 • The Second Economic Revolution and Its
Consequences
171

Chapter 14 • Structure and Change in the American
Economy, 1789-1914
187

Part III • Theory and History
199

Chapter 15 • A Theory of Institutional Change and the
Economic History of the Western World
201

Bibliography
211

Index
221
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