具體描述
Rejecting the traditional values of political theory, Machiavelli drew upon his own experiences of office in the turbulent Florentine republic to write his celebrated treatise on statecraft. While Machiavelli was only one of the many Florentine "prophets of force," he differed from the ruling elite in recognizing the complexity and fluidity of political life.
Translated by George Bull
Introduction by Anthony Grafton
著者簡介
Niccolò Machiavelli (born May 3, 1469, Florence-died June 21, 1527, Florence) Italian statesman, historian, and political theorist. He rose to power after the overthrow of Girolamo Savonarola, was appointed secretary and Second Chancellor to the Florentine Republic in 1498. Working as a diplomat for 14 years, he came in contact with the most powerful figures in Europe. He was dismissed when the Medici family returned to power in 1512, and during the next year he was arrested and tortured for conspiracy. Though soon released, he was not permitted to return to public office. His famous treatise The Prince (1513, published 1532) is a handbook for rulers; though dedicated to Lorenzo de' Medici, ruler of Florence from 1513, it failed to win Machiavelli his favour. Machiavelli viewed The Prince as an objective description of political reality. Because he viewed human nature as venal, grasping, and thoroughly self-serving, he suggested that ruthless cunning is appropriate to the conduct of government. Though admired for its incisive brilliance, the book also has been widely condemned as cynical and amoral, and “Machiavellian” has come to mean deceitful, unscrupulous, and manipulative. His other works include a set of discourses on Livy (completed c. 1518), the comedy The Mandrake (completed c. 1518), The Art of War (published 1521), and the Florentine Histories (completed c. 1525).
圖書目錄
Introduction
Translator's Note
Selected Books
Machiavelli's Principal Works
Letter to the Magnificent Lorenzo de Medici 1
I How many kinds of principality there are and the ways in which they are acquired 5
II Hereditary principalities 5
III Composite principalities 6
IV Why the kingdom of Darius conquered by Alexander did not rebel against his successors after his death 13
V How cities or principalities which lived under their own laws should be administered after being conquered 16
VI New principalities acquired by one's own arms and prowess 17
VII New principalities acquired with the help of fortune and foreign arms 20
VIII Those who come to power by crime 27
IX The constitutional principality 31
X How the strength of every principality should be measured 34
XI Ecclesiastical principalities 36
XII Military organization and mercenary troops 39
XIII Auxiliary, composite, and native troops 43
XIV How a prince should organize his militia 47
XV The things for which men, and especially princes, are praised or blamed 49
XVI Generosity and parsimony 51
XVII Cruelty and compassion; and whether it is better to be loved than feared, or the reverse 53
XVIII How princes should honour their word 56
XIX The need to avoid contempt and hatred 58
XX Whether fortresses and many of the other present-day expedients to which princes have recourse are useful or not 67
XXI How a prince must act to win honour 71
XXII A prince's personal staff 75
XXIII How flatterers must be shunned 76
XXIV Why the Italian princes have lost their states 78
XXV How far human affairs are governed by fortune, and how fortune can be opposed 79
XXVI Exhortation to liberate Italy from the barbarians 82
Glossary of Proper Names 86
Notes 99
· · · · · · (收起)
讀後感
学术与政治之间 从马基雅维里关于《君主论》的两封信说起 李华芳 学术和政治之间的关系是一个不简单的话题。有韦伯的名篇演讲和徐复观的名著在前，似乎没有多大讨论的必要。只是讨论马基雅维里在学术与政治之间的纠葛有点像金庸小说中的《广陵散》成绝响、曲洋却从东汉蔡邑墓...
評分马基雅维利的《君主论》是西方现代政治思潮的里程碑。我一直想弄清楚这个现代究竟准确地指向哪里？至少不是我们的教科书中那样信誓旦旦宣称的1949年后，似乎自那之后便全是一片新天地，非现代不可。另一种说法是，生活在1469到1527年间的马基雅维利是近代政治学的鼻祖，这个说...
評分很显然，马基雅维里是一代政治学导师。真实的太真实的，残忍与冷酷只配俯首于权力之下并供之驱使。不要把它们上升为人性之中阴暗一面，在我看来它比加州阳光还更令人心旷神怡。如果个人作为社会整体的一部分，那在各种需要层次被涵盖满足过后，君主就是自我实现的唯一途径。...
評分我前日写了一篇文章（[https://www.douban.com/note/741354078/]），简单地对比了刘训练翻译的【君主论】与潘汉典翻译的【君主论】字句的相似处。提出了【刘训练译本是完全以潘译本为底本，参照英文版译本修改字句的潘译本“加工本”，刘训练不应该单独署译者名】这一观点。拙...
評分政治哲学是历史的发明，同时也在发明历史，其所关注的乃是如何规范政治来规范历史。因此讨论某种政治哲人理念的时候，总是绕不开对观念谱系的梳理，马基雅维利亦是如此。对一个人的经典化往往是历史积累而来，今日我们耳熟能详的话语在彼时却有开天辟地的意义，不还原历史自然...
用戶評價
從政治厚黑學的角度來說顯得基礎瞭，瞭解意大利及佛羅倫薩曆史來講還不錯
评分買這種書，有瞭introduction真是易懂
评分Some points are still not outdated to this day. Suggestions on internal affairs mostly consisted of maintaining the prince’s public images, while going in detail about wartime governance. At least he doesn’t encourage confiscating people’s property, even 16th century western political thought is more humanitarian than 中國◯◯黨。
评分想著中國曆史就很能理解這本書瞭
评分可以視作手段服務目的的典型，在實際曆史上卻也不乏並不遵照馬基雅維利這些規則的君主勝利或者持續瞭統治，比如美第奇傢族。如果說他有一些大心的話，那可能是認為如此取得權力是在沒有統一、派彆過於散亂又有外敵入侵的最好方式，是達到一個共和國前手法僞善的必要過渡，但這層意思很隱含。從非實際角度來講，它的方法建立於不先設任何對“美德”的理解並以此執行，而是按眾民的弱點來設立規則、趨嚮力量與見風使舵。缺點顯而易見，人不再跟隨直覺的善而是目的的達成，但若這是為瞭可以達到共和國的發展階段作齣的犧牲，從曆史時間的角度，人也隻能客觀看待。
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