This book develops an original theory of group and organizational behavior that cuts across disciplinary lines and illustrates the theory with empirical and historical studies of particular organizations. Applying economic analysis to the subjects of the political scientist, sociologist, and economist, Mr. Olson examines the extent to which the individuals that share a common interest find it in their individual interest to bear the costs of the organizational effort.
The theory shows that most organizations produce what the economist calls "public goods"--goods or services that are available to every member, whether or not he has borne any of the costs of providing them. Economists have long understood that defense, law and order were public goods that could not be marketed to individuals, and that taxation was necessary. They have not, however, taken account of the fact that private as well as governmental organizations produce public goods.
Mancur Lloyd Olson, Jr. (pronounced /ˈmænsər/[1] or /ˈmæŋkər/; January 22, 1932 – February 19, 1998) was a leading American economist and social scientist who, at the time of his death, worked at the University of Maryland, College Park. Among other areas, he made contributions to institutional economics on the role of private property, taxation, public goods, collective action and contract rights in economic development. Olson focused on the logical basis of interest group membership and participation. The reigning political theories of his day granted groups an almost primordial status. Some appealed to a natural human instinct for herding, others ascribed the formation of groups that are rooted in kinship to the process of modernization. Olson offered a radically different account of the logical basis of organized collective action.
奥尔森教授阐述了一个社会科学研究中的最基本的问题:集体行动会发生吗?传统智慧(加尔布雷斯)认为:集体的存在是为了增进集体的利益,理性的集体成员都会为了集体的利益而行动,也即亚当斯密提到的理性的个人采取行动,达致的结果是社会的共同利益,换言之就是个人理性会导...
评分 评分集体行动的逻辑 ——蠹鱼笔记(33) □/徐强 除非一个集团中人数很少,或者除非存在强制或其它某些特殊手段以使个人按照他们的共同利益行事,有理性的、寻求自我利益的个人不会采取行动以实现他们共同的或集团的利益。(曼瑟•奥尔森《集体行动的逻辑》) 【蠹鱼案】一般认...
评分本书主要的观点可以概括为小集团可以为共同的集体利益提供低于最有供给水平的集体物品且提供这种物品所应分担的责任存在“以小欺大”的现象;但是大集团由于存在搭便车等问题很难为集体物品(目标)采取一致的行动。但是如果在具体的某类大集团中采取强制、选择性激励就可能...
评分本书主要的观点可以概括为小集团可以为共同的集体利益提供低于最有供给水平的集体物品且提供这种物品所应分担的责任存在“以小欺大”的现象;但是大集团由于存在搭便车等问题很难为集体物品(目标)采取一致的行动。但是如果在具体的某类大集团中采取强制、选择性激励就可能...
这本写得真挺好看的。果然喜欢case呢
评分集体利益和个人理性的权衡理论,结合我国农村集体化生产历史可以得到更深刻体会。
评分不错
评分奥尔森是个天才,博论做成这个样子,语言清晰简明逻辑清楚直白,实在厉害。读罢前两章的感觉,就是好像在理论内部的挑错完全进行不了了——他总是用长注堵住人的嘴:我都想到了哇!可是仔细想想,他的理论在这学期课程讨论的抗争政治意义上的集体行动中确实不太适用,大概有以下几个原因:第一,抗争政治群体的边界是更流动的,很难确定某一特定时间节点的总体规模,这样大小群体的区分不是被否定就是被弱化了;第二,抗争政治的结果是高度不确定的,和公共品的提供不同,没有人能真正计算出potential benefit来——即使可以,也高度不精确;最后,group size的乘数效应在抗争政治中更加明显:抗争多了一个人本身就带来大量的显性和隐性收益,小团体的抗争除非组织强大、目标明确、对象好找,否则失败的几率更高。
评分其实是应老师的要求看其中的一章,但是写的还蛮好玩的我就去翻了全书。英文版很棒,读起来一点都不拗口,也没有很多生词XD 说是group,但是没有分析宗教组织哦,不知道是不是因为离理性的假设有些远。附录好看!个人觉得经济部分比政治部分有意思得多……【啊我的周末就这么没有了!
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