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The relation between ontologies and language is currently at the forefront of natural language processing (NLP). Ontologies, as widely used models in semantic technologies, have much in common with the lexicon. A lexicon organizes words as a conventional inventory of concepts, while an ontology formalizes concepts and their logical relations. A shared lexicon is the prerequisite for knowledge-sharing through language, and a shared ontology is the prerequisite for knowledge-sharing through information technology. In building models of language, computational linguists must be able to accurately map the relations between words and the concepts that they can be linked to. This book focuses on the technology involved in enabling integration between lexical resources and semantic technologies. It will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in NLP, computational linguistics, and knowledge engineering, as well as in semantics, psycholinguistics, lexicology and morphology/syntax.

Chu-Ren Huang, Academia Sinica and the Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Nicoletta Calzolari, Istituto di Linguistica Computazionale del CNR

Aldo Gangemi, Institute of Cognitive Science and Technology

Alessandro Lenci, Università degli Studi, Pisa

Alessandro Oltramari, Institute of Cognitive Science and Technology

Laurent Prevot, Université de Provence

Part I - Fundamental aspects pp 1-2
1 - Ontology and the lexicon: a multidisciplinary perspective pp 3-24
By Laurent Prévot, Chu-Ren Huang, Nicoletta Calzolari, Aldo Gangemi, Alessandro Lenci, Alessandro Oltramari
2 - Formal ontology as interlingua: the SUMO and WordNet linking project and global WordNet pp 25-35
By Adam Pease, Christiane Fellbaum
3 - Interfacing WordNet with DOLCE: towards OntoWordNet pp 36-52
By Aldo Gangemi, Nicola Guarino, Claudio Masolo, Alessandro Oltramari
4 - Reasoning over natural language text by means of FrameNet and ontologies pp 53-71
By Jan Scheffczyk, Collin F. Baker, Srini Narayanan
5 - Synergizing ontologies and the lexicon: a roadmap pp 72-78
By Alessandro Oltramari, Aldo Gangemi, Chu-Ren Huang, Nicoletta Calzolari, Alessandro Lenci, Laurent Prévot
Part II - Discovery and representation of conceptual systems pp 79-80
6 - Experiments of ontology construction with Formal Concept Analysis pp 81-97
By SuJian Li, Qin Lu, Wenjie Li
7 - Ontology, lexicon, and fact repository as leveraged to interpret events of change pp 98-121
By Marjorie McShane, Sergei Nirenburg, Stephen Beale
8 - Hantology: conceptual system discovery based on orthographic convention pp 122-143
By Ya-Min Chou, Chu-Ren Huang
9 - What's in a schema? pp 144-182
By Aldo Gangemi
Part III - Interfacing ontologies and lexical resources pp 183-184
10 - Interfacing ontologies and lexical resources pp 185-200
By Laurent Prévot, Stefano Borgo, Alessandro Oltramari
11 - Sinica BOW (Bilingual Ontological WordNet): integration of bilingual WordNet and SUMO pp 201-211
By Chu-Ren Huang, Ru-Yng Chang, Hsiang-bin Lee
12 - Ontology-based semantic lexicons: mapping between terms and object descriptions pp 212-223
By Paul Buitelaar
13 - Merging global and specialized linguistic ontologies pp 224-238
By Manuela Speranza, Bernardo Magnini
Part IV - Learning and using ontological knowledge pp 239-240
14 - The life cycle of knowledge pp 241-257
By Alessandro Lenci
15 - The Omega ontology pp 258-270
By Andrew Philpot, Eduard Hovy, Patrick Pantel
16 - Automatic acquisition of lexico-semantic knowledge for question answering pp 271-287
By Lonneke van der Plas, Gosse Bouma, Jori Mur
17 - Agricultural ontology construction and maintenance in Thai pp 288-308
By Asanee Kawtrakul, Aurawan Imsombut
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