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" Weath is evidently not the good we are seeking; for it is merely useful and for the sake of something else" (Aristotle). For the same reason, developmetn growth cannot be treated as an end itself. It has to be an integrate process that concerns with enhaning the lives we live and the freedom we enjoy.

" Weath is evidently not the good we are seeking; for it is merely useful and for the sake of something else" (Aristotle). For the same reason, developmetn growth cannot be treated as an end itself. It has to be an integrate process that concerns with enhaning the lives we live and the freedom we enjoy.

" Weath is evidently not the good we are seeking; for it is merely useful and for the sake of something else" (Aristotle). For the same reason, developmetn growth cannot be treated as an end itself. It has to be an integrate process that concerns with enhaning the lives we live and the freedom we enjoy.

" Weath is evidently not the good we are seeking; for it is merely useful and for the sake of something else" (Aristotle). For the same reason, developmetn growth cannot be treated as an end itself. It has to be an integrate process that concerns with enhaning the lives we live and the freedom we enjoy.

" Weath is evidently not the good we are seeking; for it is merely useful and for the sake of something else" (Aristotle). For the same reason, developmetn growth cannot be treated as an end itself. It has to be an integrate process that concerns with enhaning the lives we live and the freedom we enjoy.

阿马蒂亚·森在《以自由看待发展》一书中提出一种特别的发展观，即：自由是发展的首要目的和不可缺少的重要手段，因而对自由这一内涵丰富且饱受争议的概念提供了一种新的理解：“（自由）应该是一个人选择有理由珍视的生活的实质自由——即可行能力。”[[1]]森提出的发展观是否...  

在《以自由看待发展》中，森从伦理学、经济学等诸多视角，对整个世界人们的生活状况，尤其是发展中国家人们面临的贫穷、卫生、教育、粮食等等问题表达了关切，和非常严谨的分析。 森认为，传统的按GNP（或者人均或者总量或者GDP，whatever）衡量福利的做法不够全面和严谨。他...  

自由是促进发展的不可缺少的重要手段，因此需要社会保障这一社会安全网，让每个人都能够体面地生活。 自由不仅是手段，更是发展的首要目的。因此社会保障不是一种为了拜托贫困，消除不公平的手段，而是通过一系列的社会政策和福利保证贫困的人能够享有实质性自由...  

森这本书的基本理念已经在减少贫困、饥荒等政策领域成为常识。 核心观点：自由不仅是发展的首要目的，也是发展的主要手段。p7 人之形象预设：agent 主体、能动者。p13 自由定义：一个人做自己认为有价值的事的可行能力。p48。 可行能力：capability，此人有可能实现的、各种...  

第10章 文化与人权 10．1三种批评 对于支撑人权言论的整个概念结构一般有三个相当不同的考虑因素，包括“正当性批评”、“逻辑连贯性批评”和“文化性批评”。 10．2正当性批评 此类批评的共同点是坚持必须把权利看作是“后于”体制的工具，而不是一种“先定”的伦理利益。综...