图书标签: 中国现当代文学 海外中国研究 文学研究 文化研究 梅仪慈 农民 知识分子 权力意识形态
发表于2024-09-09
Ideology, Power, Text pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024
The division between the scholar-gentry class and the "people" was an enduring theme of the traditional Chinese agrarian-bureaucratic state. Twentieth-century elites recast this as a division between intellectuals and peasants and made the confrontation between the writing/intellectual self and the peasant "other" a central concern of literature. The author argues that, in the process, they created the "peasantry," the downtrodden rural masses represented as proper objects of political action and shifting ideological agendas. Throughout this transition, language or discourse has been not only a weapon of struggle but the center of controversy and contention. Because of this primacy of language, the author's main approach is the close reading or, rather, re-reading of significant narrative fictions from four literary generations to demonstrate how historical, ideological, and cultural issues are absorbed, articulated, and debated within the text. Three chapters each focus on one representative author. The fiction of Lu Xun (1881-1936), which initiated the literary preoccupation with the victimized peasant, is also about the identity crisis of the intellectual. Zhao Shuli (1906-1970), upheld by the Communist Party as a model "peasant writer," tragically exemplifies in his career the inherent contradictions of such an assigned role. In the post-Mao era, Gao Xiaosheng (1928--) uses the ironic play of language to present a more ambiguous peasant while deflating intellectual pretensions. The chapter on the last of the four "generations" examines several texts by Mo Yan (1956--), Han Shaogong (1952--), and Wang Anyi (1954--) as examples of "root-searching" fiction from the mid-1980's. While reaching back into the past, this fiction is paradoxically also experimental in technique: the encounter with the peasant leads to questions about the self-construction of the intellectual and the nature of narrative representation itself. Throughout, the focus is on texts in which some sort of representation or stand-in of the writer/intellectual self is present--as character, as witness, as center of consciousness, or as first-person or obtrusive narrator. Each story catches the writer in a self-reflective mode, the confrontation with the peasant "other" providing a theater for acting out varying dramas of identity, power, ideology, political engagement, and self-representation.
写鲁迅的部分比写赵树理的部分要好。
评分发掘中国文学里的文学殉难(literary martyrdom)传统(知识分子从皇权体制的奴隶转变为劳动人民的奴隶-为人民服务,是他们自身命运的掘墓人),以及中国现代作家如何借助农民的困境来对整个社会文化系统作出控诉,折射出党政机器对知识分子政策的摇摆不定(尤其以赵树理的个人悲剧为典型),以及现代中国知识分子在面对农民时的道德罪责(moral culpability)和忏悔意识(penitential consciousness)。涉及到文学中的农民形象是被压迫者还是革命的先锋、谁更有资格“真实地”再现农民、如何进入沉默且无法用言语文字表述自己的农民的内心世界,并为之发声(甚至质疑这个论断的假设前提)、以及作家/叙述人在创作中的身份危机。进入后毛时代后,铁板一块的农民范畴瓦解,文学被边缘化。
评分发掘中国文学里的文学殉难(literary martyrdom)传统(知识分子从皇权体制的奴隶转变为劳动人民的奴隶-为人民服务,是他们自身命运的掘墓人),以及中国现代作家如何借助农民的困境来对整个社会文化系统作出控诉,折射出党政机器对知识分子政策的摇摆不定(尤其以赵树理的个人悲剧为典型),以及现代中国知识分子在面对农民时的道德罪责(moral culpability)和忏悔意识(penitential consciousness)。涉及到文学中的农民形象是被压迫者还是革命的先锋、谁更有资格“真实地”再现农民、如何进入沉默且无法用言语文字表述自己的农民的内心世界,并为之发声(甚至质疑这个论断的假设前提)、以及作家/叙述人在创作中的身份危机。进入后毛时代后,铁板一块的农民范畴瓦解,文学被边缘化。
评分写鲁迅的部分比写赵树理的部分要好。
评分写鲁迅的部分比写赵树理的部分要好。
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Ideology, Power, Text pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024