Medical Applications of Colloids pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2026

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出版者:

作者:Matijevic, Egon 编

出品人:

页数:328

译者:

出版时间:2008-8

价格:$ 157.07

装帧:

isbn号码:9780387769202

丛书系列:

图书标签:

• Colloids
• Medical Applications
• Nanomedicine
• Drug Delivery
• Biomaterials
• Pharmaceuticals
• Nanotechnology
• Biophysics
• Surface Chemistry
• Therapeutics

The Tapestry of Modern Physics: A Journey Through Classical Mechanics and Electromagnetism A Comprehensive Exploration of Foundational Principles and Cutting-Edge Applications This volume ventures far beyond the specialized realm of colloid science, immersing the reader in the bedrock principles that underpin virtually all of modern physics: Classical Mechanics and Electromagnetism. It is designed not merely as a textbook, but as a meticulously crafted intellectual journey, guiding physicists, engineers, and advanced students through the rigorous mathematical formalism and profound physical insights derived from these cornerstone disciplines. Part I: The Newtonian Legacy Reimagined – Advanced Classical Mechanics The initial section delves deep into the framework of Newtonian mechanics, but quickly transcends simple problem-solving exercises. We begin with a rigorous re-examination of foundational concepts—force, mass, and momentum—setting the stage for a transition to the more powerful, generalized formalisms. Lagrangian Dynamics and the Principle of Least Action: A significant portion of this part is dedicated to the Lagrangian formulation. We meticulously derive the Euler-Lagrange equations from Hamilton’s Principle of Stationary Action, emphasizing its invariance under coordinate transformations. Case studies involve systems with complex constraints, such as the generalized treatment of the double pendulum, the rolling disk, and the constrained motion of particles on surfaces of revolution. The development moves logically to the introduction of generalized momenta and cyclic coordinates, illustrating the immediate practical power of Noether's theorem in revealing fundamental conservation laws linked directly to the symmetries of the Lagrangian. Hamiltonian Mechanics and Phase Space: The transition to the Hamiltonian formulation marks a crucial conceptual leap. We systematically derive the Hamiltonian from the Legendre transform of the Lagrangian, focusing on its physical interpretation as the total energy of the system. The core of this section is the analysis of Hamilton’s canonical equations of motion. We explore Poisson brackets, illustrating their direct correspondence to quantum commutators and establishing the deep connection between classical and quantum mechanics. The geometric interpretation of Hamiltonian flow in phase space is explored through canonical transformations, including those that simplify complex physical problems—for example, solving Kepler's problem through a canonical transformation to action-angle variables. Integrability and the KAM theorem are introduced conceptually, offering a glimpse into the complexities of non-linear dynamics that arise even from deterministic classical laws. Advanced Topics in Continuous Systems: Recognizing that discrete particle systems are often approximations, we dedicate a chapter to continuum mechanics within the classical framework. This involves the derivation of the equations of motion for continuous media using a field-theoretic approach. We analyze stress and strain tensors, leading to the elastic wave equation in solids. Furthermore, the mechanics of ideal fluids are treated via the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations (presented in their incompressible form), focusing on concepts like vorticity, circulation, and potential flow, setting the groundwork for understanding fluid dynamics at a macroscopic level where colloidal dispersion dynamics might eventually interact with bulk flow phenomena. Part II: The Unification of Fields – Electromagnetism in Modern Context The second major segment shifts focus entirely to the forces that govern charged matter: electromagnetism. This treatment emphasizes mathematical consistency and the powerful synthesis achieved by Maxwell. Electrostatics and Boundary Value Problems: The foundation is laid with a thorough review of Coulomb's Law and Gauss’s Law, followed by the introduction of the scalar electric potential ($Phi$). The real depth is achieved in the systematic solution of boundary value problems using the method of images, which provides intuitive solutions for complex geometries (e.g., point charges near grounded conducting spheres or planes). Furthermore, the Laplacian and Poisson equations are solved rigorously using separation of variables and Green's functions in Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical coordinates. This exploration stresses the mathematical machinery necessary for understanding charge distribution under equilibrium conditions. Magnetostatics and Vector Potential: The treatment of steady currents begins with the Biot-Savart law and Ampère's Law. Crucially, the concept of the magnetic vector potential ($mathbf{A}$) is introduced as the prerequisite for unifying electromagnetism. We demonstrate how $mathbf{A}$ naturally leads to the divergence-free nature of the magnetic field ($ abla cdot mathbf{B}=0$) and solve magnetostatic problems, such as finding the field generated by an infinitely long solenoid or a current loop, using the vector potential formalism. Electrodynamics: The Maxwell Equations in Vacuum and Matter: This is the centerpiece of the electromagnetic section. The four Maxwell equations are presented not as empirical observations, but as a necessary, self-consistent structure derived from electrostatics and the requirement of relativity (though relativity is not explicitly introduced here, its consistency is inherent in the final form). We systematically derive the wave equation for both the electric ($mathbf{E}$) and magnetic ($mathbf{B}$) fields in the absence of sources, thoroughly analyzing the properties of electromagnetic plane waves—including their propagation speed, polarization states (linear, circular, elliptical), and energy transport via the Poynting vector ($mathbf{S}$). The Propagation in Dielectrics and Conductors: The analysis moves into media. We introduce the concepts of polarization ($mathbf{P}$) and magnetization ($mathbf{M}$), deriving the constitutive relations that define the macroscopic fields ($mathbf{D}$ and $mathbf{H}$). The behavior of EM waves propagating through linear, isotropic, homogeneous dielectrics is analyzed, including reflection and refraction governed by the Fresnel equations. A detailed study of wave propagation in simple conductive media addresses skin depth and attenuation, providing a macroscopic view of how oscillating fields interact with free charges. Relativistic Underpinnings (Conceptual): While the main focus remains classical, the final chapter conceptually bridges the gap. We demonstrate how the seemingly disparate laws of electrostatics and magnetostatics coalesce into a single, unified framework only when space and time are treated holistically. This serves to underscore the fundamental limitations of purely Galilean-invariant classical mechanics and points toward the necessity of special relativity, providing the essential physical context required before moving into quantum field theories or specialized areas like the dynamics of charged particles in external fields. This volume stands as a comprehensive masterclass in the mathematical and conceptual architectures of the deterministic physical world, offering tools and insights crucial for understanding phenomena across scales, from planetary motion to wave propagation in engineered structures.

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