Handbook of Research on Reading Comprehension

Handbook of Research on Reading Comprehension pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2026

出版者:
作者:Israel, Susan E. (EDT)/ Duffy, Gerald G. (EDT)
出品人:
页数:712
译者:
出版时间:2008
价格:$ 265.55
装帧:Hardcover
isbn号码:9780805862003
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • reading
  • 阅读理解
  • 阅读研究
  • 教育心理学
  • 认知科学
  • 教学方法
  • 学术研究
  • 语言学习
  • 教育技术
  • 评估
  • 元认知
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具体描述

Part 1. Historical Perspectives on Reading Comprehension. P.D. Pearson, How We Got to Where We Are: A Historical Perspective on Reading Comprehension Research. S.G. Paris, E.E. Hamilton, The Development of Children’s Reading Comprehension. J. Hoffman, In Search of a "Simple View" of Reading Comprehension. Part 2. Theoretical Perspectives. P. Afflerbach, B.Y. Cho, Identifying and Describing Constructively Responsive Comprehension Strategies in New and Traditional Forms of Reading. K.S. Goodman, Y.M. Goodman, Helping Readers Make Sense of Print – A Whole Language Pedagogy. K.B. Cartwright, The Role of Cognitive Flexibility in Reading Comprehension: Past, Present and Future. J. Gavelek, P. Bresnahan, Ways of Meaning Making: Sociocultural Perspectives on Reading Comprehension. J. Damico, G. Campano, J. Harste, Transactional Theory and Reading Comprehension. G. Hruby, Grounding for Reading Comprehension Theory From Neuroscience Literatures. Part 3. Changing Views of Text. E. Fox, P.A. Alexander, Text Comprehension: A Retrospective, Perspective, and Prospective. C. Shanahan, Disciplinary Comprehension. R. Tierney, The Agency and Artistry of Meaning Making Within and Across Digital Spaces. M.L. Kamil, H.K. Chou, Comprehension and Technology. Part 4. Elements of Reading Comprehension. S. Miller, B. Faircloth, Motivation and Reading Comprehension. J.F. Baumann, Vocabulary and Reading Comprehension. J.A. Dole, J. Nokes, D. Drits, Cognitive Strategy Instruction: Past and Future. L. Baker, L.C. Beall, Metacognitive Processes and Reading Comprehension. D.D. Massey, Self-regulated Comprehension Assessment. Part 5. Assessing and Teaching Reading Comprehension. L. Leslie, J. Caldwell, Formal and Informal Measures of Reading Comprehension. K.A. Dougherty Stahl, Assessing Comprehension of Young Children. T.E. Raphael, C.M. Weber, M. George, A.R. Nies, Approaches to Teaching Reading Comprehension. J.F. Almasi, K. Garas-York, Comprehension and Discussion of Text. C. Collins Block, J. Lacina, Comprehension Instruction in K-3. Developing Higher Order Comprehension in the Middle Grades. M.W. Conley, Improving Adolescent Comprehension: Developing Learning Strategies in Content Areas. R.L. Allington, A. McGill-Franzen, Comprehension Difficulties Among Struggling Readers. Part 6. Cultural Impact of Reading Comprehension. C. Fairbanks, J. Cooper, L. Masteson, S. Webb, Culturally Responsive Instruction and the Impact on Reading, Comprehension. K. Prater, English Language Learners and Reading Comprehension. P.A. Edwards, J.D. Turner, Family Literacy and Reading Comprehension. K. Au, J. Kaomea, Reading Comprehension and Diversity in Historical Perspective: Literacy Power, and Native Hawaiians. Part 7.Where to Live from Here? M. Sailors, Teacher Education and Reading Comprehension. C. Roller, Public Policy and the Future of Reading Comprehension Research. G.G. Duffy, S.E. Israe, What Does It All Mean?

深度探索:认知科学视角下的阅读理解机制 书籍名称:《心智之桥:从感知到理解的阅读认知架构》 书籍简介: 本书旨在提供一个全面而深入的视角,剖析人类在进行阅读理解过程中所涉及的复杂认知过程。我们不再将阅读视为一个线性的、孤立的技能,而是将其视为一个高度动态的、跨模块的认知整合过程。本书的探讨范围涵盖了从初级的视觉词形识别,到高级的篇章构建与知识激活等一系列关键环节,致力于揭示“理解”是如何在大脑中被构建和维持的。 第一部分:阅读的基石——早期认知加工 第一章:从光信号到语言符号:视觉扫描与词形识别的神经基础 本章首先聚焦于阅读的起点——视觉系统如何有效地捕获文本信息。我们详细考察了眼动追踪技术在揭示阅读扫描模式(如注视、回跳和跳转)中的应用,并深入分析了视觉皮层区域如何参与到对字母串和词汇形状的快速识别中。重点讨论了词汇查阅模型(Lexical Access Models),特别是它们如何解释不同频率词汇的处理速度差异。我们探讨了双通道理论(Dual-Route Theory)在解释阅读障碍(如失读症)中的作用,以及大脑中负责形态学分析和语音合成的专业化区域。 第二章:语音回路与语义洪流:解码与意义涌现 理解不仅仅是认识词汇,更是将词汇转化为有意义的语音和语义。本章深入探讨了语音合成路径(Phonological Assembly Route)在陌生词汇处理中的核心地位。我们详细阐述了工作记忆系统(特别是语音环路)在暂时存储音素信息,并将其传递给更高阶语义系统的机制。此外,我们引入了词汇语义网络模型(Lexical Semantic Network Models),解释了联想、激活和抑制等过程如何在瞬间激活一个词汇相关的庞大知识集群,从而为后续的意义整合奠定基础。 第二部分:句子层面的结构构建 第三章:句法解析的即时性:结构依赖与句法处理成本 句子是意义传递的基本单位。本章的核心在于探讨大脑如何即时地解析句子结构,即使面对复杂的从句、倒装或省略。我们引入了基于连接主义的句法模型(Connectionist Models of Syntax),分析了句子依存关系在处理过程中如何被动态地构建和更新。研究重点放在了句法附着歧义(Syntactic Attachment Ambiguity)的解决上,例如“The horse raced past the barn fell”这类句子的处理路径。我们将比较序列处理模型(Serial Processing Models)与交互激活模型(Interactive Activation Models)在解释即时句法决策中的优势与局限。 第四章:主题追踪与指代消解:跨句信息的衔接 成功的阅读要求读者能够将当前句子与前文信息流畅地连接起来。本章专门探讨了篇章层面(Discourse Level)的衔接机制,特别是代词和指示词的指代消解过程(Anaphora Resolution)。我们分析了“信息可及性”(Accessibility)和“焦点结构”(Focus Structure)如何影响指代目标的激活强度。本书提出了一个情境模型构建(Situational Model Construction)的框架,说明读者如何维护一个动态更新的、关于文本世界状态的心理表征,即使原始的句子结构信息已经淡出工作记忆。 第三部分:宏观理解与知识整合 第五章:图式理论与背景知识的激活 阅读理解从根本上说是一个知识驱动的过程。本章详细阐述了图式理论(Schema Theory)在填充文本空白、预测后续信息以及组织新知识方面的作用。我们探讨了不同类型的图式(如事件图式、社会图式、领域图式)如何预先塑造读者的期望。特别关注了激活与抑制的平衡:过度的背景知识激活可能导致“先入为主”的错误解释,而不足的知识则会造成理解的停滞。本章还讨论了文化差异对图式激活模式的影响。 第六章:推理的构建:演绎、归纳与隐含信息的推断 真正的理解往往需要读者超越文本表面信息,进行必要的推理。本章将推理过程分为几大类:演绎推理(从一般到特殊)、归纳推理(从特殊到一般)以及情感/社会推理(理解人物动机和意图)。我们关注因果关系推断的即时性,以及读者如何利用信念-意图模型(Theory of Mind, ToM)来理解叙事中的角色心理状态,这对于理解小说和非虚构论证尤为关键。 第七章:元认知监控与理解的自我调节 优秀的读者不仅仅是信息的接收者,更是主动的监控者。本章聚焦于元认知(Metacognition)在阅读过程中的作用。我们分析了读者如何评估自己的理解程度(理解体验/Judgment of Learning),识别信息缺失点,并主动采取补救策略(如重新阅读、做笔记或放慢速度)。本章还探讨了目标导向阅读(Goal-Directed Reading)的调节机制,即读者如何根据特定的阅读目的(如学习、娱乐或批判评估)动态调整其认知资源分配。 第四部分:复杂文本与阅读的终极目标 第八章:论证结构与批判性评估 面对复杂的学术论文或说服性文本,读者必须能够解构其逻辑结构。本章详细分析了论证地图(Argument Mapping)的认知构建过程,包括识别主张、支撑证据、反驳和默认假设。我们探讨了批判性阅读的关键要素:区分事实与观点、识别逻辑谬误(如诉诸情感、稻草人谬误)以及评估证据的强度和来源的可信度。 第九章:从文本到知识:长期记忆的编码与应用 阅读的最终目标是将临时获得的文本信息转化为稳定的、可提取的长期知识结构。本章讨论了知识表征(Knowledge Representation)的形式,包括命题网络、图像表征和情景模型。我们比较了不同学习策略(如精细复述、交错练习)对知识巩固的效率,并探讨了在阅读过程中如何激活迁移(Transfer)能力,即将新习得的概念应用于解决全新情境中的问题。 --- 结语: 《心智之桥》通过整合认知心理学、实验心理学和神经科学的最新发现,描绘了一幅细致入微的阅读理解“蓝图”。本书不仅为教育者和学习者提供了理解阅读障碍和提升阅读效率的理论依据,更为认知科学家提供了一个检验和挑战现有阅读模型的前沿平台。它坚信,对阅读的深入理解,即是对人类心智运作机制的深入探索。

作者简介

Susan E. Israel

Author and Literacy Consultant

Gerald G. Duffy

University of North Carolina at Greensboro, USA

目录信息

Part 1. Historical Perspectives on Reading Comprehension. P.D. Pearson, How We Got to Where We Are: A Historical Perspective on Reading Comprehension Research. S.G. Paris, E.E. Hamilton, The Development of Children’s Reading Comprehension. J. Hoffman, In Search of a "Simple View" of Reading Comprehension. Part 2. Theoretical Perspectives. P. Afflerbach, B.Y. Cho, Identifying and Describing Constructively Responsive Comprehension Strategies in New and Traditional Forms of Reading. K.S. Goodman, Y.M. Goodman, Helping Readers Make Sense of Print – A Whole Language Pedagogy. K.B. Cartwright, The Role of Cognitive Flexibility in Reading Comprehension: Past, Present and Future. J. Gavelek, P. Bresnahan, Ways of Meaning Making: Sociocultural Perspectives on Reading Comprehension. J. Damico, G. Campano, J. Harste, Transactional Theory and Reading Comprehension. G. Hruby, Grounding for Reading Comprehension Theory From Neuroscience Literatures. Part 3. Changing Views of Text. E. Fox, P.A. Alexander, Text Comprehension: A Retrospective, Perspective, and Prospective. C. Shanahan, Disciplinary Comprehension. R. Tierney, The Agency and Artistry of Meaning Making Within and Across Digital Spaces. M.L. Kamil, H.K. Chou, Comprehension and Technology. Part 4. Elements of Reading Comprehension. S. Miller, B. Faircloth, Motivation and Reading Comprehension. J.F. Baumann, Vocabulary and Reading Comprehension. J.A. Dole, J. Nokes, D. Drits, Cognitive Strategy Instruction: Past and Future. L. Baker, L.C. Beall, Metacognitive Processes and Reading Comprehension. D.D. Massey, Self-regulated Comprehension Assessment. Part 5. Assessing and Teaching Reading Comprehension. L. Leslie, J. Caldwell, Formal and Informal Measures of Reading Comprehension. K.A. Dougherty Stahl, Assessing Comprehension of Young Children. T.E. Raphael, C.M. Weber, M. George, A.R. Nies, Approaches to Teaching Reading Comprehension. J.F. Almasi, K. Garas-York, Comprehension and Discussion of Text. C. Collins Block, J. Lacina, Comprehension Instruction in K-3. Developing Higher Order Comprehension in the Middle Grades. M.W. Conley, Improving Adolescent Comprehension: Developing Learning Strategies in Content Areas. R.L. Allington, A. McGill-Franzen, Comprehension Difficulties Among Struggling Readers. Part 6. Cultural Impact of Reading Comprehension. C. Fairbanks, J. Cooper, L. Masteson, S. Webb, Culturally Responsive Instruction and the Impact on Reading, Comprehension. K. Prater, English Language Learners and Reading Comprehension. P.A. Edwards, J.D. Turner, Family Literacy and Reading Comprehension. K. Au, J. Kaomea, Reading Comprehension and Diversity in Historical Perspective: Literacy Power, and Native Hawaiians. Part 7.Where to Live from Here? M. Sailors, Teacher Education and Reading Comprehension. C. Roller, Public Policy and the Future of Reading Comprehension Research. G.G. Duffy, S.E. Israe, What Does It All Mean?
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