In the space of barely fifteen years, the history of masculinity has become an important dimension of social and cultural history. John Tosh has been in the forefront of the field since the beginning, having written A Man,s Place: Masculinity and the Middle-Class Home in Victorian England (1999), and co-edited Manful Assertions: Masculinities in Britainsince 1800 (1991). Here he brings together nine key articles which he has written over the past ten years. These pieces document the aspirations of the first contributors to the field, and the development of an agenda of key historical issues which have become central to our conceptualising of gender in history. Later essays take up the issue of periodisation and the relationship of masculinity to other historical identities and structures, particularly in the context of the family. The last two essays, published for the first time, approach British imperial history in a fresh way. They argue that the empire needs to be seen as a specifically male enterprise, answering to masculine aspirations and insecurities. This leads to illuminating insights into the nature of colonial emigration and the popular investment in empire during the era the New Imperialism. Related Titles The Making of Modern Woman/Abrams/0582414105/2002 Gender and the Historian/Alberti/0582404630/2002 Family Matters/Peplar/0582418704/2002
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我必须赞叹作者在细节捕捉上的功力,这本书的魅力在于那些不易察觉的细微之处。它没有停留在宏大的政治叙事上,而是深入到日常生活的肌理中,比如对服装、体育活动乃至饮食习惯的分析,是如何被用来标记和巩固男性等级制度的。举例来说,对“硬汉”形象的塑造,书中详细分析了如何通过对痛苦的忍耐和对身体的锻炼来公开展示一种“被训练出来的”阳刚之气,这与早期那种更侧重于贵族教养的男性气质形成了鲜明的对比。这种从外在表现倒推内在心理机制的写作方式,使得论点具有极强的说服力。整本书读下来,我感到自己对那个时代的男性有了一种更深层次的、甚至可以说是同情的理解,因为他们同样被困在自己构建的巨大期望和压力之下。这并非歌颂或批判,而是一种冷静、富有同情心的历史重构,它提醒我们,任何时代的“常态”都是无数次妥协和自我否定的产物。
评分这本关于十九世纪英国男子气概与男性气质的书籍,简直是一场穿越时空的盛宴。作者以一种近乎考古学家般的细致,将我们带回那个维多利亚时代,去探究那些被视为“理所当然”的男性规范是如何一步步构建起来的。我尤其欣赏它对社会阶层差异的敏锐洞察。你不能指望一个工业巨头和一个伦敦街头的流浪汉拥有相同的“男子气概”模板。书里详尽地梳理了上流社会对荣誉、责任和体面举止的执着,以及工人阶级在体力劳动和社群互助中展现出的那种更粗犷、更具韧性的阳刚之气。更令人着迷的是,作者没有将这些气质视为静止不变的雕塑,而是将其描绘成一个充满张力的战场,各种关于何为“真正男人”的争论,在报纸、小说乃至家庭内部激烈上演。它迫使读者跳出当代语境,去理解那个时代精英们如何焦虑地维护着自己的社会地位,以及他们如何通过对女性和“他者”的界定来巩固自身的优越感。这本书的论证结构严谨,引用了大量一手资料,读起来酣畅淋漓,让人不得不重新审视我们今天所继承的那些关于性别的隐性假设。
评分这本书在处理复杂性方面的能力令人印象深刻,它拒绝任何简单的二元对立,而是拥抱了十九世纪男性气质的混沌状态。它不是一本简单的“好男人/坏男人”指南,而是一份关于“如何成为一个被社会接纳的男人”的痛苦说明书。我发现,书中对不同男性群体(如艺术家、教士、军官和商人)在追求同一套“理想标准”时所采取的迥异策略的对比分析,尤其富有洞察力。例如,艺术家可能通过反叛既定规范来构建自己的亚文化男性气质,而商人则必须在道德风险和经济收益之间走钢丝。这种“在夹缝中生存”的状态,被作者描绘得淋漓尽致。文字的流动性非常高,尽管主题严肃,但阅读体验却出奇地顺畅,似乎作者一直在引导你深入迷宫,却又总能在关键时刻指出下一条出口的路径。它不仅是历史研究,更是一部关于社会心理学和身份认同构建的经典案例研究。
评分读完这卷宏大叙事,我的脑海中仿佛响起了一部交响乐,其中充满了矛盾、压抑与爆发的音符。这本书的叙事手法非常高明,它不仅仅是历史的陈述,更像是一部心理学的深度剖析。它巧妙地将文学作品——那些我们耳熟能详的狄更斯或勃朗特的作品——作为透视镜,去观察男性角色的内心挣扎。例如,那种对“情感克制”的极度推崇,是如何将一代代英国绅士塑造成外表坚硬内心却布满裂痕的形象?作者将这种压抑的文化氛围与工业革命带来的社会结构剧变紧密地联系起来,指出当传统权威(如贵族血统)被财富和技术挑战时,男性气质便成了新的“稳定器”。我特别喜欢其中关于“私人领域”和“公共领域”的区分探讨。男性被期望是坚不可摧的公共领域的英雄,但这种苛刻的要求也必然导致他们在家庭生活中表现出某种程度的疏离和笨拙。这本书的语言风格带着一种学者特有的冷静,但其揭示出的内在人性困境,却足以让任何时代的人感同身受,它提供了一种理解历史人物行为动机的全新钥匙。
评分如果要用一个词来形容这本书带给我的冲击,那就是“解构”。它毫不留情地撕开了十九世纪英国社会包装在“光荣”与“道德”之下的那些脆弱骨架。以往我们习惯于将那个时代的男性视为统一的、道德高尚的化身,但作者通过对军事、殖民扩张以及新兴商业道德的细致考察,揭示了男性气质内部的巨大分化和深刻的虚伪性。比如,对帝国疆域的征服欲,是如何与对家庭内部秩序的严格控制交织在一起的?书中对殖民地经验的探讨尤为深刻,它展示了当英国男人被置于一个“非文明”的环境中时,他们如何加倍地强化和展示他们认为的正统英格兰特质,这与其说是一种自信,不如说是一种文化上的自我麻醉。此外,作者对“体面”(respectability)这一概念的深挖也令人警醒,它不再仅仅是社会地位的象征,而是一种严酷的社会表演,任何一点瑕疵都可能导致毁灭性的后果。这种对规范背后权力运作机制的揭示,使这本书的价值远超一般历史读物。
评分“Furthermore, if feminists were serious about understanding the historical dynamic of women’s oppression, they must investigate the nature of men’s stake in that oppression: gender was a power structure which must be analyzed as a system embracing both sexes.”
评分“Furthermore, if feminists were serious about understanding the historical dynamic of women’s oppression, they must investigate the nature of men’s stake in that oppression: gender was a power structure which must be analyzed as a system embracing both sexes.”
评分“Furthermore, if feminists were serious about understanding the historical dynamic of women’s oppression, they must investigate the nature of men’s stake in that oppression: gender was a power structure which must be analyzed as a system embracing both sexes.”
评分“Furthermore, if feminists were serious about understanding the historical dynamic of women’s oppression, they must investigate the nature of men’s stake in that oppression: gender was a power structure which must be analyzed as a system embracing both sexes.”
评分“Furthermore, if feminists were serious about understanding the historical dynamic of women’s oppression, they must investigate the nature of men’s stake in that oppression: gender was a power structure which must be analyzed as a system embracing both sexes.”
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