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This book is a practical guide to understanding personality. It presents a research-based model of six personality adaptations.

Psychotherapists and counsellors, whether practising or in training, will find this model an invaluable aid to effectiveness in inviting personal change.

The book describes the six adaptations in detail, and provides a framework for understanding how each adaptation develops. It goes on to show how you can assess someone’s personality adaptation(s) rapidly and accurately. With this knowledge, you can tap into a vast store of information that will apply to that person. For example, you will gain insight into their preferred area of personal contact (thinking, feeling or behaviour), and learn how you can use these contact areas to maintain rapport and achieve optimal results in therapy or counselling. You will learn the typical "life patterns" that the person is likely to play out over time, and the principal issues that are likely to arise for them in the process of change. The model shows how you can work most effectively with each personality type to help them achieve personal change that is quick, easy and lasting.

To convey the true "sound" and "feel" of working with this model, the book includes annotated transcripts of actual therapeutic work with each of the personality adaptations.

The model’s usefulness is not confined to any one therapeutic or counselling approach. Whatever modality you use, you can apply this model and benefit from this book.

Vann S. Joines, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and President of the Southeast Institute for Group and Family Therapy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Accredited by ITAA as a Teaching and Supervising Transactional Analyst, he was the 1994 recipient of the Eric Berne Memorial Award in Transactional Analysis for the Integration of TA with Other Theories and Approaches. He is a Clinical Member and Approved Supervisor of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, and a Member of the American Group Psychotherapy Association.

Ian Stewart, PhD, is Co-Director of The Berne Institute, Nottingham, England. He is accredited by the European Association for Transactional Analysis (EATA) and the International Transactional Analysis Association (ITAA) as a Teaching and Supervising Transactional Analyst. He is also a UKCP Registered Psychotherapist and a Master Practitioner in Neuro-Linguistic Programming. Ian was the 1998 recipient of the EATA Gold Medal, awarded for “outstanding services to transactional analysis in Europe”.

Preface
Copyright acknowledgements
Part I: Introduction
1. Introducing the Six Adaptations
"Thumbnail sketches" of the six adaptations
Identifying the six adaptations
The model and its basis in reality
Part II: The Model of Personality Adaptations
2. A Developmental Perspective
Introversion-extraversion, energy level and the adaptations
"Surviving" vs. "performing" adaptations
3. The Structure of Personality
The theoretical framework: personality structure and ego states
Structural analysis of the six personality adaptations
4. Issues in Change for the Different Adaptations
The theoretical framework: life script
Typical life-script patterns for the six adaptations
5. Putting It All Together: The Six Adaptations in Detail
Enthusiastic-Overreactor (Histrionic)
Responsible-Workaholic (Obsessive-Compulsive)
Brilliant-Skeptic (Paranoid)
Creative-Daydreamer (Schizoid)
Playful-Resister (Passive-Aggressive)
Charming-Manipulator (Antisocial)
6. Combinations of Adaptations
7. Relation of the Adaptations to the DSM-IV-TR Classifications

Part III: Diagnosing the Six Adaptations
8. Driver Behaviours: a Key to Diagnosis
Driver messages and driver behaviours
How drivers correspond to the six adaptations
9. Other Clues to Diagnosing the Adaptations

Part IV: Achieving and Maintaining Rapport
10. How to Avoid Inviting Drivers
11. The Five Modes of Communication
Matching communication mode to personality adaptation
12. Using the Ware Sequence for Rapport
Working with the "doors" and the five modes
13. How the Personality Adaptations Interact

Part V: Inviting Personal Change
14. Doing Therapy with the Different Personality
Adaptations
The therapeutic framework
Redecision therapy and the personality adaptations
Working with combined adaptations
Tracking movements around the Process Model
15. Confronting the Process Script
Confrontations for each of the process script types
16. Using the Process Model in Therapy: an Overview

Part VI: Advanced Applications of the Model
17. Diagnosis and Treatment Planning Using the Six
Personality Adaptations
Correlating adaptations with the quadrants
18. Borderline and Narcissistic Personality Disorders
Borderline personality disorder
Narcissistic personality disorder
Treatment
Part VII: Personal Change in Practice:
Transcripts of Therapy
19. The Histrionic Client: Reclaiming Personal Power
20. The Obsessive-Compulsive Client: Learning to "Be"
21. The Paranoid Client: Feeling Safe in the World
22. The Schizoid Client: Owning Feelings and Needs
23. The Passive-Aggressive Client: Letting Go of Struggle
24. The Antisocial Client: Becoming Real
25. The Client with Combined Adaptations
Afterword
Appendices
A. Relating the Personality Adaptations to Previous
Classification Systems
Historical origins
Modern formulations
Psychoanalytic contributions
Learned coping patterns
Pathological versus non-pathological schemas
B. Measuring the Adaptations
Personality trait measurement
Designing an instrument to measure the personality adaptations
Conclusions
C. Joines Personality Adaptation Questionnaire
References
Glossary
Index
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