Alexis de Tocqueville was born in 1805 to a noble French family that had survived the French Revolution. His father gained some political power under the reign of the Bourbons, and after the July Revolution of 1830, the family was exiled along with the king. Tocqueville, then twenty-five years old, stayed in France, swearing allegiance to the new government. Shortly thereafter he and a friend, Gustave de Beaumont, sought and received a government assignment to study the prison system of the United States. They arrived in America in 1831. After extensive travels across the young nation, Tocqueville wrote Democracy in America (published in two volumes in 1835 and 1840). The publication of the first volume made Tocqueville a well-known figure, but he led a quiet life, accepting modest governmental posts, traveling around Europe, and marrying an Englishwoman. In 1848, Tocqueville once again rose to political prominence after a prescient speech that foretold of revolution. After serving through the massive upheavals and overthrows of government, Tocqueville retired from political life in 1849. Always weak in health, his lung disease grew progressively worse from that period on. Moving south several times on doctor’s recommendations, Tocqueville succumbed to death in 1859, in Cannes.
A powerful new translation of de Tocqueville’s influential look at the origins of modern France
In this penetrating study, Alexis de Tocqueville considers the French Revolution in the context of France’s history. de Tocqueville worried that although the revolutionary spirit was still alive and well, liberty was no longer its primary objective. Just as the first Republic had fallen to Napoleon and the second had succumbed to his nephew Napoleon III, he feared that all future revolutions might experience the same fate, forever imperiling the development of democracy in France.
去年底,新任中纪委书记王岐山推荐了法国人托克维尔的《旧制度与大革命》一书,一时洛阳纸贵,书店、网上都脱销。我也趁这个机会重新看了一遍这本书。 在此前,托克维尔更加被推崇的是他的另一本代表作《论美国的民主》。该书是对美国立国初期的政治、社会、文化等方方面面的...
评分【按语:《旧制度与大革命》(1856)可以说是《论美国的民主》的更为阴郁的姊妹篇。从遥远的美国收回目光,托克维尔审视了法国自身的现状和历史。第二卷第11章的对比表明,托克维尔认为1850年代的法国仍处在中央集权的民主专制(democratic despotism)中,法国人还是没有学会...
评分相当精彩。读完全书后的感觉正如同作者所说:历史是一个画廊,里面模仿多,原创少。 此书的分析甚至可以颠履我们对法国大革命的起因。原来大革命并不完全是因为封建压迫过重,反而是放松的缘故。而大革命后的所有制度都不过是过去制度的改头换面,特别是中央集权。当看到书中引...
评分托克维尔在《旧制度与大革命》写道,在18世纪中叶,由于社会根本没有政治自由,文人不仅对政界知之甚少,而且视而不见。他们在政界无所作为,甚至也看不到他人的所作所为。 接着他比较了英法两国的政治传统:在英国,研究治国之道的文人和统治国家的人是混合在一起的,一些人...
评分因为黑格尔在某个地方说过,一切伟大的世界历史事变和人物,可以说都出现两次。马克思替他补充了一点:第一次是作为伟大的悲剧出现,第二次是作为卑劣的笑剧出现。 正文 请不要少于140字 所以说,海里的叔叔伯伯们担心自己会被送上断头台,其实他们只会因为被农民老爷爷养的...
名不虚传,霸气之作
评分“不含偏见,饱含深情”,托克维尔果然说到做到。文风洗炼,完全不同于有些唠唠叨叨、味同嚼蜡的文字。第三编第一章,论及文人的浪漫情怀对于法国大革命的推动,堪称经典。
评分名不虚传,霸气之作
评分和伯克的《革命反思》对着读,两人同所谓保守,对革命的批判出发点其实截然对立
评分“不含偏见,饱含深情”,托克维尔果然说到做到。文风洗炼,完全不同于有些唠唠叨叨、味同嚼蜡的文字。第三编第一章,论及文人的浪漫情怀对于法国大革命的推动,堪称经典。
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