圖書標籤: 心理學 思維 認知科學 思考 psychology 認知&神經&⼼理科學 陽誌平 英文原版
发表于2025-03-04
What Intelligence Tests Miss pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2025
Critics of intelligence tests - writers such as Robert Sternberg, Howard Gardner, and Daniel Goleman - have argued in recent years that these tests neglect important qualities such as emotion, empathy, and interpersonal skills. However, such critiques imply that though intelligence tests may miss certain key noncognitive areas, they encompass most of what is important in the cognitive domain. In this book, Keith Stanovich challenges this widely held assumption. Stanovich shows that IQ tests (or their proxies, such as the SAT) are radically incomplete as measures of cognitive functioning. They fail to assess traits that most people associate with 'good thinking', skills such as judgement and decision-making. Such cognitive skills are crucial to real-world behaviour, affecting the way we plan, evaluate critical evidence, judge risks and probabilities, and make effective decisions. IQ tests fail to assess these skills of rational thought, even though they are measurable cognitive processes. Rational thought is just as important as intelligence, Stanovich argues, and it should be valued as highly as the abilities currently measured on intelligence tests.
Keith E. Stanovich is Emeritus Professor of Applied Psychology and Human Development at the University of Toronto and former Canada Research Chair of Applied Cognitive Science. He is the author of over 200 scientific articles and seven books. He received his BA degree in psychology from Ohio State University in 1973 and his PhD in psychology from the University of Michigan in 1977.
後半部分實在是太難啃瞭。。說瞭很多dysrationalia的內容
評分1)Dysrationalia: the inability to think and behave rationally despite having adequate intelligence.(聰明人乾蠢事)。2)Humans are cognitive misers. (trade-off between computational power and expenses.) 3)natural selection does not care about truth; it cares only about reproductive success.
評分全書講的一點:理性比智商更重要。前麵一大部分講智商測驗如何如何不對感覺略學術瞭。後麵講理性的重要性,以及因為各種不理性導緻的問題還是挺好的,有希望能看到總結性的內容。可惜,理性再重要,人就是非理性的。或許,理解與接受這一點,並在很多解決辦法的設計上考慮到人的非理性,相比要求人們更理性會更好。
評分選擇性看看
評分選擇性看看
为什么某些看似聪明的人会做蠢事,某些骗局就是会骗到人,这些事情在生活中时常发生,不少人为之费解。斯坦诺维奇的《超越智商》对这些问题展开揭示。 在书的开头就说到一个人很多人没想到的事,就是看似愚笨的小布什的智商估算有120,这水平可是中上的智力啊,然而小布什给人...
評分为什么某些看似聪明的人会做蠢事,某些骗局就是会骗到人,这些事情在生活中时常发生,不少人为之费解。斯坦诺维奇的《超越智商》对这些问题展开揭示。 在书的开头就说到一个人很多人没想到的事,就是看似愚笨的小布什的智商估算有120,这水平可是中上的智力啊,然而小布什给人...
評分聪明的愚蠢人 如何知道一个人聪明与否?能在智力测试中拿高分的,肯定是个聪明人。聪明人的决策行动,不言而喻都比普通人更明智正确,即使错了也会及时调整。事实上,现实生活中有大量的例子表明,聪明人也会做傻事,例如在大学里担任数学教授的约翰·保罗斯。 2000 年年初,他...
評分短评: 总的来说本能的力量是强大的,现今社会迷雾和诱惑太多我们需要多一些警惕性,在人生中重要的时候拿出应有的理性做出正确的选择。1,建议先读第三部,再读第二部,第一部的内容也就明白了。2、从实用性上来讲,这种类型的文章其实可以写个实践手册,不用一本书的篇章。可...
評分短评: 总的来说本能的力量是强大的,现今社会迷雾和诱惑太多我们需要多一些警惕性,在人生中重要的时候拿出应有的理性做出正确的选择。1,建议先读第三部,再读第二部,第一部的内容也就明白了。2、从实用性上来讲,这种类型的文章其实可以写个实践手册,不用一本书的篇章。可...
What Intelligence Tests Miss pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2025