Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (1828-1910) commonly referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy, was a Russian writer - novelist, essayist, dramatist and philosopher - as well as pacifist Christian anarchist and educational reformer. He was the most influential member of the aristocratic Tolstoy family. His first publications were three autobiographical novels, Childhood, Boyhood, and Youth (1852-1856). They tell of a rich landowner's son and his slow realization of the differences between him and his peasants. As a fiction writer Tolstoy is widely regarded as one of the greatest of all novelists, particularly noted for his masterpieces War and Peace (1869) and Anna Karenina (1877). In their scope, breadth and realistic depiction of 19th-century Russian life, the two books stand at the peak of realist fiction. As a moral philosopher Tolstoy was notable for his ideas on nonviolent resistance through works such as The Kingdom of God is Within You (1894).

列夫·尼古拉耶維奇·托爾斯泰(ЛевНиколаевич Толстой)(1828～1910) 19世紀末20世紀初俄國最偉大的文學傢，也是世界文學史上最傑齣的作傢之一，他的文學作品在世界文學中占有重要的地位。代錶作有長篇小說《戰爭與和平》、《安娜·卡列尼娜》、《復活》以及自傳體小說三部麯《幼年》《少年》《青年》。其它作品還有《一個地主的早晨》《哥薩剋》《塞瓦斯托波爾故事集》等。他也創作瞭大量童話。他以自己一生的辛勤創作，登上瞭當時歐洲批判現實主義文學的高峰。他還以自己有力的筆觸和卓越的藝術技巧辛勤創作瞭“世界文學中第一流的作品”，因此被列寜稱頌為具有“最清醒的現實主義”的“天纔藝術傢”。

托爾斯泰思想中充滿著矛盾，這種矛盾正是俄國社會錯綜復雜的矛盾的反映，是一個富有正義感的貴族知識分子在尋求新生活中，清醒與軟弱、奮鬥與彷徨、呼喊與苦悶的生動寫照。托爾斯泰的作品縱然其中有反動的和空想的東西，但仍不失為世界進步人類的驕傲，他已被公認是全世界的文學泰鬥。列夫·托爾斯泰被列寜稱為“俄國革命的鏡子”