The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2026
- 经济史
- 历史
- 经济学
- 英国
- 英文原版
- 经济
- 欧洲史
- 工业革命
- British Industrial Revolution
- Global History
- Industrialization
- Economics
- Technology
- Social Change
- Europe
- History
- Development
- Trade
具体描述
Why did the industrial revolution take place in eighteenth-century Britain and not elsewhere in Europe or Asia? In this convincing new account Robert Allen argues that the British industrial revolution was a successful response to the global economy of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He shows that in Britain wages were high and capital and energy cheap in comparison to other countries in Europe and Asia. As a result, the breakthrough technologies of the industrial revolution - the steam engine, the cotton mill, and the substitution of coal for wood in metal production - were uniquely profitable to invent and use in Britain. The high wage economy of pre-industrial Britain also fostered industrial development since more people could afford schooling and apprenticeships. It was only when British engineers made these new technologies more cost-effective during the nineteenth century that the industrial revolution would spread around the world.
作者简介
罗伯特•艾伦（Robert C. Allen），牛津大学经济史教授，兼纳菲尔德学院（Nuffield College）客座研究员，著有《圈地运动与自耕农：梅德兰南部地区农业发展史（1450—1850）》（Enclosure and the Yeoman: The Agricultural Development of the South Midlands, 1450–1850），《从农场到工厂：苏联工业革命的再阐释》（Farm to Factory: A Re-interpretation of the Soviet Industrial Revolution），两书先后于1992年和2003年出版，均荣获（英国）经济史学会颁发的兰凯奖（Ranki Prize）。
目录信息
读后感
熟悉日本电影的朋友大概都看过黑泽明的成名作《罗生门》。这部电影根据芥川龙之介的小说改编，讲述了一起扑朔迷离的杀人强奸案。几位当事人都从自己角度向法官讲述了案件的经过，人们难以分辩谁的叙述更接近真相。有一起历史大案颇似罗生门，只是它的案情更为复杂，当事...
评分熟悉日本电影的朋友大概都看过黑泽明的成名作《罗生门》。这部电影根据芥川龙之介的小说改编，讲述了一起扑朔迷离的杀人强奸案。几位当事人都从自己角度向法官讲述了案件的经过，人们难以分辩谁的叙述更接近真相。有一起历史大案颇似罗生门，只是它的案情更为复杂，当事...
评分熟悉日本电影的朋友大概都看过黑泽明的成名作《罗生门》。这部电影根据芥川龙之介的小说改编，讲述了一起扑朔迷离的杀人强奸案。几位当事人都从自己角度向法官讲述了案件的经过，人们难以分辩谁的叙述更接近真相。有一起历史大案颇似罗生门，只是它的案情更为复杂，当事...
评分关于为什么英格兰率先发生工业革命是一个永久的论题，各种观点争奇斗艳。有影响力的有Eric Jones、Douglass North、David Landes、Robert Brenner、Gregory Clark、Jeol Mokyr、Kenneth Pomeranz等人的观点。 本书作者Robert Allen总结了前人的观点提出了一种至少我还是比较能...
评分似乎是用经济学模型和估算数据证明了布伦纳的中世纪晚期的阶级斗争（的失败？）推动英国走上工业革命的观点。 分析方法中最大的疑点是对价格的理解偏于绝对价格，而没有从价格体系的角度去思考。换句话说，之所以采用节省劳动力的技术，可能是因为工资高，也可能是因为煤炭便...
用户评价
The title *The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective* immediately caught my attention because it promises to move beyond a purely national narrative, which I find often too narrow. My understanding of history has always been enriched by seeing how events in one part of the world have repercussions far beyond their immediate locale. I'm eager to learn how Britain's industrial transformation impacted the development of other nations, both positively and negatively. For instance, how did the demand for raw materials from countries like India or Egypt affect their agricultural economies and social structures? Did the export of British manufactured goods lead to the decline of local crafts and industries in regions such as the Ottoman Empire or China, and what were the long-term consequences for their economies? I'm also curious about how different societies interpreted and responded to the ideas and technologies associated with the Industrial Revolution. Were there attempts at indigenous industrialization, or were these nations primarily consumers of British innovation? The promise of a "global perspective" suggests an exploration of trade networks, colonial relationships, and the diffusion of knowledge, all of which are crucial for a comprehensive understanding. I hope the book provides detailed case studies that illustrate the multifaceted ways in which the British Industrial Revolution was not just a local event, but a catalyst for global change, reshaping economies, societies, and the very fabric of international relations.
评分这本书的标题《The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective》无疑勾起了我对于历史深层联系的强烈好奇心。我一直对工业革命的起源及其在国内的巨大影响有着浓厚的兴趣，但总觉得它似乎是一个独立事件，孤立于世界其他地方。而这本书的标题承诺的“全球视角”正是我想填补的知识空白。我期待它能揭示英国工业革命并非凭空出现，而是如何受到、又如何影响了世界其他地区的经济、社会和政治格局。例如，蒸汽机的发明和纺织技术的进步，在英国本土无疑是革命性的，但它们是如何传入欧洲大陆，又在法国、德国等地的不同经济和社会条件下产生不同的发展轨迹的？书中所提到的“全球视角”是否也意味着要探讨原材料的来源地，比如棉花种植与奴隶贸易之间的联系？殖民地在英国工业革命中的角色又扮演了怎样的重要性？更进一步，当英国的工业品开始充斥全球市场时，那些原本拥有本土手工业的地区，比如印度或中国，又是如何应对这种冲击的？他们的经济是否因此遭受重创，或者是否也从中找到新的发展模式？我热切希望这本书能够提供具体的案例和翔实的数据，去分析这些复杂的国际互动，让我能够理解工业革命不仅仅是发生在英国本土的技术变革，而是一场真正意义上的全球性重塑，它深刻地改变了世界的经济地理和权力结构，为我们今天所知的全球化奠定了基础。我对作者如何处理这种宏大的叙事，并将其与具体的历史事件和人物联系起来，充满了期待。
评分The title *The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective* immediately piqued my interest because it speaks to my desire to understand historical phenomena as part of a larger, interconnected system. My prior readings on the Industrial Revolution often centered on the British experience, but I've always felt that the story was incomplete without considering its international dimensions. I am eager to learn how Britain's rapid industrialization affected economies and societies beyond its shores. For example, how did the demand for raw materials like cotton and rubber from colonial territories shape their agricultural practices and labor systems? Conversely, how did the export of British manufactured goods impact existing artisanal industries in places like India or China? Did this lead to economic dependency or spur new forms of local production? I'm also curious about the spread of industrial technologies and organizational models. Were there instances of independent or parallel industrial developments in other parts of the world, or was Britain's influence so pervasive that it dictated the pace and nature of industrialization elsewhere? The "Global Perspective" suggests an examination of trade routes, migration patterns, and the shifting balance of global power, all of which are crucial for a comprehensive understanding. I hope this book provides a nuanced account of how the British Industrial Revolution was not an isolated event, but a transformative force that reshaped the global economic and social landscape in profound and lasting ways.
评分I was drawn to *The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective* because I believe that understanding any major historical development requires a broad, interconnected view. My previous knowledge of the Industrial Revolution tended to focus on the British experience, the inventions, the factory system, and the social changes within Britain. However, the title suggests a much more expansive analysis, and I'm eager to discover how Britain's industrial dominance influenced and was influenced by the rest of the world. I want to know if the book explores how colonial territories served as sources of raw materials and markets for British goods, and what impact this had on the development of those regions. Were there instances where the influx of British manufactured products led to the decline of indigenous industries elsewhere, and how did societies cope with this economic disruption? I am also interested in the spread of industrial technologies and ideas. Did other nations adopt these innovations directly, or did they adapt them to their own contexts, leading to unique forms of industrialization? The "global perspective" implies an examination of trade patterns, migration, and the flow of capital, all of which are vital for a complete picture. I hope the book offers compelling evidence and insightful analysis on how the British Industrial Revolution was a pivotal moment that not only transformed Britain but also set in motion global processes that continue to shape our world today.
评分当我看到《The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective》这个书名时，我 immediately felt a sense of intellectual excitement. My prior understanding of the Industrial Revolution was heavily skewed towards the British narrative – the inventions, the factories, the social upheaval within the island nation. However, the inclusion of "Global Perspective" immediately signaled a much broader and potentially more nuanced exploration. I am particularly eager to discover how Britain's newfound industrial might influenced and interacted with other regions of the world. Did it actively seek out and exploit resources from its colonies to fuel its factories, and if so, what were the long-term consequences for those exploited economies? Conversely, how did regions that were not part of the British Empire or were developing at a slower pace respond to the influx of British manufactured goods? Were there instances of successful adaptation or even outright rejection of these new technologies and products? I am also curious about the ripple effects of British industrialization on global trade patterns and power dynamics. Did it lead to a greater interdependence, or did it exacerbate existing inequalities and create new forms of economic dependency? I hope the book delves into specific case studies beyond Europe, perhaps examining the impact on burgeoning economies in the Americas, Asia, or Africa, and how these regions, in turn, shaped the trajectory of the Industrial Revolution itself. The promise of a truly global view is what sets this book apart in my mind.
评分我一直认为，理解任何一项重大历史事件，都必须将其置于一个更广阔的背景之下进行审视，而《The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective》这个书名恰恰满足了我的这一期待。我希望这本书能够超越对英国本土工业化进程的简单叙述，深入挖掘其在全球范围内的深远影响和相互作用。例如，英国的殖民扩张如何为工业革命提供了必要的原材料和广阔的市场？这种殖民关系又是如何塑造了被殖民地区的经济结构，甚至诱发了他们自身的社会变迁？我尤其感兴趣的是，当英国的工厂生产出大量廉价的工业品时，那些原有的传统手工业地区，如丝绸、瓷器等在世界市场上具有重要地位的产业，是如何应对这种竞争的？是否存在一些地区能够巧妙地调整自己的生产模式，与工业化的国家形成互补，而不是被完全淘汰？这本书是否会探讨一些鲜为人知的案例，例如，在非欧洲地区，是否存在一些早期工业化的尝试，即使它们规模较小，或者发展轨迹与英国截然不同？我期望作者能够提供新颖的证据和分析，来支持其“全球视角”，打破过去那种以欧洲为中心的叙事模式。我希望能够看到，工业革命的传播并非单向度的，而是充满了复杂的多边互动，它在全球范围内催生了新的经济模式、社会阶层和政治力量，其影响至今仍在持续。
评分我一直对历史的“为什么”和“如何”充满疑问，而《The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective》这个书名，无疑触及了我对工业革命最核心的求知欲。我不仅仅想知道英国是如何实现工业化的，更想知道这种转变在全球范围内是如何被感知、被接纳、被抵制，以及被模仿的。我期待这本书能够深入探讨，当蒸汽机、纺织机等技术从英国向外传播时，不同文化和社会环境的接受程度和适应方式有何不同？例如，欧洲大陆上的其他国家，如法国和德国，它们在引进新技术的同时，是否也面临着独特的社会和政治挑战，从而导致了工业化的差异化发展？更重要的是，那些非西方世界，如印度、中国、日本等，它们是如何回应来自英国的工业制成品的冲击？是简单地被动接受，还是采取了主动的策略来维护自身的经济和手工业传统？我希望书中能够提供具体的史料分析，说明这些国家在面对工业革命的浪潮时，是如何进行内部调整，甚至是否也萌生出自主的工业化尝试。我特别关注那些被边缘化的故事，那些在主流叙事中常常被忽视的地区和人群，他们在工业革命的大潮中扮演了怎样的角色，他们的生活又是如何被改变的？我希望这本书能提供一种更全面、更细致的图景，让我理解工业革命绝非一个孤立的英国事件，而是一场深刻影响全人类历史进程的全球性变革。
评分The promise of "Global Perspective" in the title *The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective* immediately resonated with my desire to understand historical phenomena not as isolated events, but as interconnected processes. I've always felt that focusing solely on Britain's internal transformations missed crucial elements of the story. I am keen to see how the book explores the reciprocal relationship between Britain's industrialization and the rest of the world. For instance, how did the demand for raw materials like cotton and timber from overseas territories shape agricultural practices and land use in those regions? Did the surplus of manufactured goods from Britain lead to the decline of traditional artisanal industries in other parts of the world, and if so, how did societies adapt to these economic shifts? I'm also interested in the spread of industrial ideas and technologies. Were there parallel developments or independent innovations in other nations that either complemented or competed with British advancements? The book's title suggests an examination of how different societies interpreted and adapted industrialization, perhaps even resisted it, based on their own cultural values and existing economic structures. I anticipate a rich discussion of how the British Industrial Revolution was not just a British achievement, but a catalyst for global change, reshaping economies, societies, and power structures across continents, and I am eager to learn about the diverse manifestations of this impact.
评分My decision to pick up *The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective* was driven by a fundamental belief that no historical event, however significant, occurs in a vacuum. While I appreciate the detailed accounts of British innovation and societal change, I've always felt the need to understand how these developments interacted with, and influenced, the wider world. The promise of a "Global Perspective" in this title suggests an exploration of the intricate web of connections that underpinned Britain's industrial ascent. I am particularly keen to learn how the demand for raw materials from overseas territories, likely fueled by Britain's growing industries, impacted the economic structures and social fabric of those regions. Did this create new forms of dependency or foster different paths of development? Equally important, I want to understand how the influx of mass-produced goods from British factories affected local industries and artisans in other parts of the world. Were these regions merely passive recipients of British economic dominance, or did they find ways to adapt, resist, or even compete? I am also interested in the diffusion of industrial knowledge and technology. Did Britain's innovations spread uniformly, or were there distinct regional responses and adaptations that shaped their global impact? The title implies a nuanced approach that acknowledges the complexities of international trade, colonial relationships, and the shifting geopolitical landscape, all of which are essential for a complete understanding of this pivotal era.
评分My interest in *The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective* stems from a deep-seated curiosity about the interconnectedness of historical developments. While the British context is undeniably central, the "Global Perspective" offered in this title suggests a much richer and more complex understanding. I'm particularly eager to explore how Britain's industrial surge influenced the economic and social trajectories of other nations. Did the availability of cheaper, mass-produced goods from Britain stifle nascent industries elsewhere, or did it perhaps stimulate new forms of economic activity and specialization in other regions? I’m also interested in the flow of capital and investment. Did British industrial wealth extend its reach globally, financing infrastructure projects or new enterprises in other countries, and what were the implications of such foreign investment? Furthermore, I hope the book delves into the political dimensions of this global interaction. How did the rise of industrial powers like Britain affect existing global power balances and lead to new geopolitical alignments or conflicts? The title implies an examination of how different cultures and societies reacted to the influx of industrial products and ideas, whether through imitation, adaptation, or outright resistance. I anticipate a nuanced exploration of how the British Industrial Revolution was not merely an internal British affair, but a pivotal moment that profoundly reshaped the global economic and political landscape.
评分PE Core
评分不错
评分里面经济建模那段还蛮有意思的
评分4+ 在我看来作者有点过于强调劳动力价格差的作用，虽然这个要素无疑很重要。本书最赞之处在于作者做经济史的扎实功底。
评分英国工业革命发生的原因： cheap coal, cheap capital, high wage，因而能够促使刺激 R&D 用技术代替人力。当英国不断R&D将技术改进使其他国家也能用得起能源来代替人力的时候，工业革命扩散了。high wage 的来源：intercontinental trade & Black Death。荷兰比利时同样high wage 却没有首先发生工业革命的原因：coal的knock on effect 很多，荷兰被peat choke off了，比利时地区过小，且由于政治边界的缘故无法获取煤（自己加一条：英国禁运了印度的raw cotton, 荷兰没有）。
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