图书标签: 哲学 Leibniz 形而上学 莱布尼茨 德国 Philosophy EarlyModern 德国哲学
发表于2024-12-23
Discourse on Metaphysics and Other Essays pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024
Discourse on Metaphysics and Other Essays contains complete translations of the two essays that constitute the best introduction to Leibniz's complete thought: 'Discourse on Metaphysics', a short course in his metaphysics, written in 1686 at the time his mature thought was just crystalising and 'Monadology' of 1714, a summary of Leibniz's mature metaphysics, written late in his long career. These are supplemented with two essays of special interest to the student of modern philosophy, 'On the Ultimate Origination of Things' of 1697, which deals clearly with Leibniz's celebrated doctrine of contingency and creation, and the Preface to his New Essays of 1703-1705, which presents a brief and coherent overview of his epistemological position, particularly as it relates to the empiricism of Locke.
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评分从那天数学课上已经看出了点莱布尼茨的形而上学的端倪。基本论点是:每个substance都映照出整个世界/上帝。就跟blake的那首诗:“一沙一世界,一花一天堂”一个道理吧。上帝创造万物并决定了万物的notion/nature/disposition,所以从这个意义上来说,上帝心中有万事万物的规划,但是对于事物来说,这种从上帝和宇宙秩序的角度存在的规划并不影响自由意志。他babble了一堆后,我的理解就是,在你做决定之前,你是不知道自己会怎样抉择的,因此选择的可能性是存在的。但是因为你的notion从上帝的角度看,其实是决定了你的选择的。可是由于你意识不到这种上帝心中的“决定”,所以你的行为对你自身而言是自由的。但你要相信,不管你怎么“抉择”,上帝都能从你的选择中衍生出有利于整个宇宙的善。
评分看得太痛苦了,一定要上来吐槽一下
评分莱布尼茨的一些思想诸如前定和谐,单子论已经在这篇形而上学中体现了出来,当然这本书里还有一些其他比较重要的文章,例如“单子论”。
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Discourse on Metaphysics and Other Essays pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024