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Since Wikipedia was launched online in 2001 as "the free encyclopedia that anyone can edit," it has blossomed to more than a billion words spread over 10 million articles in 250 languages, including 2.5 million articles in English, according to Wikipedia cofounder Wales in the foreword. Lih, a Beijing-based commentator on new media and technology for NPR and CNN, researched Wikipedia and collaborative journalism as a University of Hong Kong academic, and he has been a participating "Wikipedian" himself for the past five years. He notes the site has "invigorated and disrupted the world of encyclopedias... yet only a fraction of the public who use Wikipedia realize it is entirely created by legions of unpaid and often unidentified volunteers." Other books have surfaced (How Wikipedia Works; Wikinomics), but Lih's authoritative approach covers much more, from the influence of Ayn Rand on Wikipedia cofounder Jimmy Wales and the "burnout and stress" of highly active volunteer editor-writers to controversies, credibility crises and vandalism. Wales's more traditional earlier encyclopedia, the peer-reviewed Nupedia, began to fade after he saw how Ward Cunningham's software invention, Wiki (Hawaiian for "quick"), could generate collaborative editing. Tracing Wikipedia's evolution and expansion to international editions, Lih views the encyclopedia as a "global community of passionate scribes," attributing its success to a policy of openness which is "not so much technical phenomenon as social phenomenon." (Mar.)

Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

ANDREW LIH was an academic in new media and journalism for ten years, at Columbia University and Hong Kong University. He has been a commentator on new media, technology, and journalism issues on CNN, MSNBC, and NPR. Lih is based in Beijing.

Acknowledgments
Foreword by Jimmy Wales
Chapter 1_THE WIKI PHENOMENON
History
Chapter 2_A NUPEDIA
What Is an Encyclopedia?
Alabama Rising
The Mother of All Directories
RMS
Linux on the Scene
Remember DMOZ
The Nupedia Idea
Nupedia's Rules
The Nupedians
Chapter 3_WIKI ORIGINS
Ward's Start
HyperCard's Inspirations
A Web Browser
Viola
HyperCard Revisited
Chapter 4_WIKI INTRODUCED
Slashdotting
Contributing the Meaning of Everything
The GFDL
UseMod Grows
Give Me More Space
Server Load
Chapter 5_COMMUNITY AT WORK (THE PIRANHA EFFECT)
Usenet's Legacy
Lessons from Usenet
Growth
How Wikipedia Works
Urban Jungle
Signaling One Another
Then Came the Bots
Lots of Red Dots
Peer Production
Dot Map Obsession
Essays, Guidelines, and Policy
Fix It Yourself
What to Include
Gaming the Vote
Small Ball
Gdansk/Danzig Wars
Chapter 6_WIKIPEDIA GOES INTERNATIONAL
To Split or Not to Split
Spanish Wikipedia Fork
Making It Multilingual
Encoding Language
A Colossal Waste of Space
Japanese Wikipedia
German Wikipedia
Chinese Wikipedia
Serbian Wikipedia and Kazakh Wikipedia
African Languages
The Numbers Game
Chapter 7_TROLLS,VANDALS,AND SOCK PUPPETS,OH MY
……
Chapter 8_CRISIS OF COMMUNITY
Chapter 9_WIKIPEDIA MAKES WAVES
Afterword
Notes
Index
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