世界大戦と国民形成――五四新文化運動

世界大戦と国民形成――五四新文化運動 pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2026

出版者:岩波書店
作者:
出品人:
页数:424
译者:
出版时间:2010-10-20
价格:JPY 5832
装帧:単行本
isbn号码:9784000282246
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • 新文化运动
  • 五四运动
  • 中国近代史
  • 国民国家
  • 文化运动
  • 思想史
  • 战争与社会
  • 民族主义
  • 现代中国
  • 历史学
  • 社会文化史
想要找书就要到 小美书屋
立刻按 ctrl+D收藏本页
你会得到大惊喜!!

具体描述

现代中国的嬗变:从晚清到民国的社会、思想与文化转型 本书深入探讨了中国自晚清至民国时期,在内忧外患的剧烈冲击下所经历的深刻社会结构、思想观念和文化形态的全面转型过程。这一时期,古老的帝国体系濒临崩溃,西方现代性的浪潮以前所未有的力量冲刷着东方的传统,引发了一场关乎国家未来命运的深刻变革。 一、帝制终结与共和的艰难开端 本书首先聚焦于辛亥革命前后的政治剧变。我们详细考察了晚清政府在应对内部民变和外部列强压力时所采取的自救措施——从洋务运动的技术引进到戊戌变法的制度尝试,再到清末“新政”对权力结构的松动。重点分析了立宪派、革命派等不同政治力量的理论基础、组织形式及其斗争策略的演变。辛亥革命的爆发并非简单的王朝更迭,而是一次社会精英、知识分子和新兴阶层共同推动的、对“天下”观念的彻底颠覆。 共和体制的建立初期,充满了理想主义的激情与残酷的现实冲突。本书通过对早期民国政治的剖析,揭示了中央权威的瓦解、军阀势力的兴起,以及地方精英如何重新定义其与国家政权的关系。我们考察了宪法起草过程中的争议,例如中央集权与地方分权的张力,以及国民党与同盟会等政党在国家建构路径上的根本分歧。这段历史不仅是政治史的断裂,更是传统权力逻辑向现代国家概念过渡的阵痛体现。 二、从“体用”到“科学与民主”:思想光谱的重塑 思想领域是本书着墨甚重的部分。在帝国覆亡后,知识分子们面临的共同困境是:如何为新的国家和国民寻找一个坚实的、足以支撑现代性的精神支柱? 我们对新文化运动前夕的激进思想转变进行了细致梳理。不同于仅仅停留在器物层面的变革,思想家们开始质疑儒家伦理的普适性,将矛头直指传统文化的“根基”。从对“德先生”(民主)和“赛先生”(科学)的狂热追捧,到对“旧道德”的彻底否定,体现了知识界寻求“脱亚入欧”的迫切愿望。 本书特别分析了不同学派的思想交锋: 自由主义的引入与本土化: 考察了西方自由主义思想(如密尔、洛克等)如何在早期民国知识精英中传播,以及他们如何试图将个人权利、法治观念植入一个长期被集体主义和人治传统熏染的社会。 激进的怀疑主义浪潮: 深入研究了对传统文化的“打倒”姿态,揭示了这种激进姿态背后的深层焦虑——对中国“落后”的病根的绝望探寻。 马克思主义的兴起: 分析了十月革命后,马克思主义如何作为一种更具系统性和解释力的理论,吸引了大量寻求彻底社会改造的青年知识分子。我们不仅关注其理论的传入,更关注其在中国特定社会矛盾(如农民问题、帝国主义压迫)下所呈现的本土化倾向。 三、社会结构的重构与新的社会阶层的崛起 现代化的进程必然伴随着社会结构的重塑。本书描绘了以下几个关键群体的崛起及其作用: 1. 城市知识分子阶层: 作为一个新的、具有自我意识的群体,他们脱离了传统士大夫的身份,成为舆论的制造者和政治动员的主体。我们考察了留学生群体、大学教师、以及新兴报刊杂志从业者在公共舆论场中的角色定位。 2. 产业工人与城市贫民: 随着通商口岸和新型工业的发展,产生了早期的产业无产阶级。本书结合城市史的视角,分析了这些群体在新的生产关系下所遭受的剥削,以及他们如何逐渐形成阶级意识,成为社会运动的新兴力量。 3. 乡村的变迁与农民的能动性: 传统的宗族和乡绅体系在国家权力衰弱后虽受到冲击,但并未完全瓦解。然而,日益加重的赋税、土地兼并和军阀的掠夺,使得广大的农民群体在动荡中展现出更强的生存抗争能力。本书关注了早期农民运动与城市革命力量的初步联系与张力。 四、文化生产与国民身份的塑造 在政治动荡的背景下,文化领域成为检验“新”与“旧”的战场。 白话文运动与大众媒介: 白话文的推广被视为普及教育、启蒙国民的必要手段。我们分析了小说、戏剧、新式教科书等文化载体在传播新观念、规范新语言方面所发挥的巨大作用。新兴的印刷技术和大众传媒,如日报、周刊,极大地拓展了信息传播的范围和速度,开始初步构建一个超越地域限制的“全国性”公共空间。 艺术与审美革命: 从新诗的格律突破到绘画中对西方写实主义和现代主义元素的吸收,艺术领域反映了对传统审美范式的反叛。这种审美革命并非孤立存在,而是与政治启蒙紧密相连,意在培养具有现代感知能力的“新国民”。 女性角色的重新定义: 伴随着教育的普及和自由恋爱的思潮,女性地位成为衡量社会是否“文明”的重要标志。本书详细考察了女权运动的兴起,对缠足、贞节观的批判,以及女性知识分子在教育、医疗和政治参与方面所做的开创性努力。 结论:未竟的现代性工程 本书旨在展示,晚清至民国时期,中国社会经历了一场全方位的、痛苦的、且远未完成的现代性转型。这场转型并非单线平铺直叙的进步,而是充满了妥协、反复和内在的矛盾。新的政治秩序尚未稳固,新的文化共识仍在争夺之中,而国民身份的构建更是一项漫长而艰巨的工程。通过对这一复杂时期的细致梳理,我们得以更深刻地理解现代中国在面对全球化挑战和内部转型压力时,所付出的巨大代价与留下的深刻印记。

作者简介

目录信息

读后感

评分

评分

评分

评分

评分

用户评价

评分

The title "世界大戦と国民形成――五四新文化運動" immediately struck me as a promise of a profound exploration into a pivotal era of modern Chinese history. The juxtaposition of "World War" and "National Formation" linked by the "May Fourth New Culture Movement" suggests a narrative that connects global events to domestic transformation. I am particularly intrigued by how the author might illuminate the ripple effects of World War I on China's national consciousness. It’s not an obvious connection for many, so I anticipate a detailed analysis of how the war’s outcomes, the disillusionment with the Western powers, and the subsequent international political landscape directly influenced the intellectual currents and nationalistic fervor of the May Fourth era. The concept of "国民形成" itself is what truly draws me in. It speaks to the very essence of identity, belonging, and the creation of a collective self for a nation. I am eager to discover how the May Fourth New Culture Movement, with its radical critique of traditional culture and its embrace of new ideologies, served as a catalyst in this process. Did it aim to forge a new kind of Chinese citizen, one imbued with modern sensibilities, scientific thinking, and a stronger sense of national purpose? I expect the author to delve into the writings and actions of key figures who championed this movement, examining how they utilized various media—literature, journalism, education—to disseminate new ideas and foster a unified national identity. This book, I believe, will offer invaluable insights into the complex interplay of international forces and domestic intellectual movements that shaped China’s modern nationhood and the very definition of its people.

评分

The very mention of "世界大戦と国民形成――五四新文化運動" evokes a sense of deep historical inquiry that I find irresistible. My interest lies in understanding how external geopolitical forces can profoundly shape internal societal and cultural evolution, particularly in the context of nation-building. I envision the author meticulously tracing the impact of World War I on China's nascent sense of national identity. It’s likely the narrative will explore how the war’s outcome, particularly the perceived betrayal by Western powers at the Versailles Peace Conference, acted as a significant catalyst for the intensification of Chinese nationalism and a questioning of China's place in the world order. The core of my curiosity, however, lies in the "国民形成" aspect and its inextricable link to the "五四新文化運動." I anticipate a detailed examination of how this intellectual and cultural revolution actively sought to forge a new Chinese national identity. Did the movement’s proponents, through their radical critiques of traditional Confucianism and their enthusiastic adoption of Western democratic and scientific ideals, consciously attempt to mold a new generation of citizens? I am keen to learn how the leading intellectuals of the era utilized literature, philosophy, and educational reform as instruments to awaken the populace, instill a sense of shared purpose, and define what it meant to be a modern Chinese national. This book, I believe, promises to unravel the intricate tapestry of how China’s understanding of itself was redefined during this tumultuous period, bridging the gap between global conflict and the internal construction of a modern national identity.

评分

这本书的名字在我脑海中盘旋了好几天,那种历史的厚重感,以及“国民形成”这样一个宏大的概念,都让我充满了好奇。我总是对那些能够深刻影响一个民族命运的时代变迁感到着迷,特别是像五四运动这样,一个在文化、思想、政治上都掀起滔天巨浪的转折点。我特别想知道,作者是如何将“世界大战”这个看似遥远的国际事件,与中国国内的“国民形成”过程紧密联系起来的。我的设想是,作者可能通过分析第一次世界大战对中国民族主义思潮的影响,解释了为何这场远在欧洲的冲突,会在中国的知识分子和普通民众中激起如此强烈的反应。或许,作者会详细阐述战后国际格局的变化,以及中国在其中扮演的角色,是如何激发了国人的自我认知和身份认同的。而且,“国民形成”这个词本身就包含了非常丰富的内容,它不仅仅是国家概念的建立,更涉及到一种共同文化、价值观念和公民意识的培养。我希望作者能够深入探讨五四新文化运动在塑造新国民形象方面所扮演的角色,例如,他们是如何反思传统、引入西方思想,又是如何通过文学、艺术、教育等多种形式来唤醒民众、推广新思想的。这本书就像一个窗口,让我得以窥视那个动荡而又充满希望的年代,去理解中国国民身份是如何在那场风云变幻的世界大战和内在的思想解放浪潮中被塑造出来的。我期待着作者能够为我揭示这段波澜壮阔的历史画卷,让我对那个时代有更深刻、更全面的认识。

评分

Upon encountering the title "世界大戦と国民形成――五四新文化運動," my immediate thought was about the transformative power of historical events, especially how global conflicts can shape national identities. I’m eager to read how the author connects the colossal impact of World War I to the internal socio-cultural and political shifts in China. My expectation is that the book will meticulously detail how the war’s ramifications, such as the changing global power dynamics and the disillusionment with Western powers following the Treaty of Versailles, acted as a critical turning point for China. This, in turn, likely fueled the fervent nationalism and intellectual awakening that characterized the May Fourth New Culture Movement. The concept of "国民形成" is what truly fascinates me – how a nation’s people come to understand themselves as a collective entity with shared aspirations and responsibilities. I anticipate the author will intricately weave together the intellectual currents of the May Fourth era, highlighting how its proponents aimed to forge a new Chinese citizen, one who embraced reason, science, and a modern outlook. I’m keen to learn about the specific cultural and intellectual tools they employed, from literature to education, to instill this new sense of national identity and purpose. This book, I believe, will offer a profound insight into how external historical forces and internal cultural reawakening converged to redefine China's national consciousness and the very essence of being Chinese in a rapidly changing world.

评分

当我看到“世界大戦と国民形成――五四新文化運動”这个书名的时候,我immediately felt a strong pull towards it. It hints at a deep dive into a crucial period of Chinese history, linking the global upheaval of World War I with the seismic intellectual and cultural shifts of the May Fourth Movement, all under the overarching theme of "nation-building" or "national formation." My immediate thought was, how did the global conflict impact the very identity of Chinese people? I envision the author meticulously detailing how the disillusionment with Western powers following the war, and specifically the outcomes of the Treaty of Versailles, fueled a potent sense of nationalism and a desire for self-determination in China. The "国民形成" aspect truly fascinates me; it’s not just about political statehood, but about forging a shared identity, a collective consciousness, and a new kind of citizen. I am particularly keen to understand how the May Fourth New Culture Movement acted as the crucible for this transformation. Did the intellectual leaders of this era, by questioning traditional Confucian values and embracing Western ideas of science and democracy, actively attempt to sculpt a new Chinese citizen? I imagine the author will explore how literature, essays, manifestos, and educational reforms became the tools for this nation-building project, aiming to awaken a dormant populace and instill a sense of collective responsibility and modern citizenship. This book, I suspect, will offer a comprehensive and nuanced perspective on how China grappled with its identity in the wake of global conflict and internal intellectual ferment, ultimately shaping the very concept of what it meant to be Chinese in a modernizing world.

评分

The title, "世界大戦と国民形成――五四新文化運動," immediately captured my imagination with its promise of a deep dive into a pivotal period of Chinese history. I am particularly drawn to the way it links a monumental global event like World War I with the complex process of "national formation" and the cultural upheaval of the May Fourth Movement. My primary expectation is that the author will provide a thorough account of how the global conflict acted as a catalyst for change within China, perhaps by exposing the limitations of existing international power structures and inspiring a stronger sense of nationalistic sentiment. I am eager to understand the nuanced ways in which the war's aftermath, including diplomatic developments and shifts in global influence, directly impacted China's intellectual landscape and its aspirations for modernization. The core of my interest lies in the "国民形成" aspect, and how the "五四新文化運動" served as the engine for this. I anticipate a detailed exploration of how the intellectuals and reformers of this era actively sought to reshape Chinese identity, perhaps by challenging traditional norms, embracing new ideologies like democracy and science, and fostering a sense of collective consciousness. I believe this book will offer a rich and insightful perspective on how China grappled with its identity and its future in the wake of both international conflict and a profound internal cultural revolution, thereby illuminating the very process of nation-building.

评分

The title "世界大戦と国民形成――五四新文化運動" immediately resonated with my passion for understanding the intricate interplay between historical forces and the shaping of national identity. I am particularly fascinated by how seemingly distant global events can have profound and unexpected consequences on a nation’s internal development. My anticipation is that the author will meticulously dissect the ways in which the First World War disrupted existing global orders and, in doing so, created fertile ground for new ideas and aspirations to take root in China. I expect a detailed exploration of how the war’s conclusion, particularly the controversial Treaty of Versailles, ignited a fierce sense of national grievance and a powerful call for self-reliance and modernization among Chinese intellectuals and the populace. The concept of "国民形成" is central to my interest, and I am eager to learn how the "五四新文化運動" served as the crucible for this transformation. I envision the author delving into the intellectual debates and cultural innovations of the period, demonstrating how the movement’s proponents actively sought to redefine Chinese identity. This would likely involve their critiques of traditional values, their advocacy for new philosophies and political systems, and their efforts to cultivate a sense of shared national purpose. I believe this book will offer a compelling narrative of how China, in the wake of global conflict and through a vigorous internal cultural revolution, began to forge a new understanding of its people and its place in the modern world.

评分

这本书的书名“世界大戦と国民形成――五四新文化運動”立刻抓住了我的眼球。我对历史的兴趣,尤其是在那些塑造了我们当下世界的重大转折点上。第一次世界大战,一个如此具有全球性影响力的事件,它所带来的震荡,我相信绝不仅仅是地缘政治上的。更重要的是,它在思想层面、文化层面,甚至在人们的自我认知层面,都可能产生了深刻的改变。我非常好奇,作者是如何将这个遥远的战争,与中国本土的“五四新文化运动”以及更深层的“国民形成”联系起来的。我设想,作者可能会从第一次世界大战如何暴露了西方文明的内在矛盾,以及它如何改变了全球力量的平衡等角度出发,来阐释这场战争对中国民族主义思潮的催化作用。同时,“国民形成”是一个极其复杂而又引人入胜的概念。它不仅仅是政治国家的建立,更是民族认同、文化归属、公民意识的塑造。我期待作者能够深入挖掘五四新文化运动在这一过程中所扮演的角色。例如,新文化运动的倡导者们是如何批判传统文化,又是如何引入新的思想和价值观的?他们是如何通过文学、教育、出版等方式,来影响和塑造一个全新的中国国民形象的?我特别想知道,在那个充满变革的时代,中国的知识分子是如何理解“国民”的,他们又是如何试图在民族危亡之际,凝聚国民的力量,塑造一个具有现代意识的民族共同体的。这本书对我而言,无疑是一个宝贵的资源,能够帮助我理解中国现代国民身份的形成,以及那个时代知识分子的深邃思考。

评分

This book's title, "世界大戦と国民形成――五四新文化運動," immediately sparks my intellectual curiosity, promising a comprehensive exploration of a critical juncture in modern Chinese history. I am particularly drawn to the intricate relationship between grand global events and the formation of national identity, and this title suggests a deep dive into precisely that. My expectation is that the author will thoroughly examine how the unprecedented global conflict of World War I acted as a significant catalyst for introspection and change within China. I anticipate a detailed analysis of how the war’s aftermath, the shifting global power dynamics, and the treatment of China in post-war international settlements profoundly influenced the burgeoning national consciousness and fueled a desire for self-determination. The phrase "国民形成" is, for me, the heart of the matter, and its connection to the "五四新文化運動" is what makes this book exceptionally appealing. I am eager to understand how the intellectual ferment of the May Fourth era, characterized by its iconoclastic critique of traditional Chinese culture and its embrace of Western concepts like science and democracy, was instrumental in shaping a new sense of what it meant to be a Chinese citizen. I expect the author to meticulously document how the ideas disseminated through literature, journalism, and educational reform aimed to cultivate a new national spirit, a modern civic consciousness, and a unified sense of belonging. This book, I believe, will offer a nuanced perspective on how external turmoil and internal intellectual revolutions converged to redefine China's national identity and the very essence of its people in the modern era.

评分

当我看到“世界大戦と国民形成――五四新文化運動”这个书名时,我的脑海中立即浮现出那个风起云涌的时代画面。第一次世界大战,一个改变了世界格局的重大事件,它的影响远远超出了欧洲战场,以一种潜移默化的方式,深刻地触及到了亚洲,特别是中国。而“五四新文化运动”,更是中国近代史上一次划时代的思想启蒙和文化革新。我好奇的是,作者是如何将这两者如此精妙地编织在一起,勾勒出“国民形成”这一宏大主题的。我推测,作者很可能从宏观层面,分析了第一次世界大战如何动摇了西方列强的权威,为中国民族主义的兴起提供了外部条件。战后凡尔赛和会的处理,更是直接激发了中国人民的民族觉醒,使得“国民”的概念不再仅仅是生活在同一片土地上的人,而是肩负民族复兴使命的群体。同时,我也期待作者能够深入探讨五四新文化运动在“国民形成”过程中所扮演的具体角色。是哪些思想家、作家、艺术家,通过他们的文字和行动,将新的理念注入到中国社会的肌理之中?他们是如何批判旧文化、旧思想,倡导科学与民主的?又是如何试图建立一种新的国民精神,一种能够引领中国走向现代化的精神力量?我特别想了解,在那个激荡的年代,知识分子是如何理解“国民”的,他们又是如何通过教育、宣传等方式来塑造“国民”的,并且这种塑造的过程,又是如何受到世界大战的影响。这本书对我来说,就像是一把钥匙,能够解锁那个复杂而又充满意义的历史时期,让我更清晰地理解中国现代国民身份是如何在内外因素的交织下逐渐形成的。

评分

评分

评分

评分

评分

本站所有内容均为互联网搜索引擎提供的公开搜索信息,本站不存储任何数据与内容,任何内容与数据均与本站无关,如有需要请联系相关搜索引擎包括但不限于百度google,bing,sogou

© 2026 book.quotespace.org All Rights Reserved. 小美书屋 版权所有