圖書標籤: 社會運動 政治學 社會學 比較政治 抗爭政治 非暴力抗爭 非暴力衝突 非暴力
发表于2024-12-23
Why Civil Resistance Works pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024
For more than a century, from 1900 to 2006, campaigns of nonviolent resistance were more than twice as effective as their violent counterparts in achieving their stated goals. By attracting impressive support from citizens, whose activism takes the form of protests, boycotts, civil disobedience, and other forms of nonviolent noncooperation, these efforts help separate regimes from their main sources of power and produce remarkable results, even in Iran, Burma, the Philippines, and the Palestinian Territories.
Combining statistical analysis with case studies of specific countries and territories, Erica Chenoweth and Maria J. Stephan detail the factors enabling such campaigns to succeed and, sometimes, causing them to fail. They find that nonviolent resistance presents fewer obstacles to moral and physical involvement and commitment, and that higher levels of participation contribute to enhanced resilience, greater opportunities for tactical innovation and civic disruption (and therefore less incentive for a regime to maintain its status quo), and shifts in loyalty among opponents' erstwhile supporters, including members of the military establishment.
Chenoweth and Stephan conclude that successful nonviolent resistance ushers in more durable and internally peaceful democracies, which are less likely to regress into civil war. Presenting a rich, evidentiary argument, they originally and systematically compare violent and nonviolent outcomes in different historical periods and geographical contexts, debunking the myth that violence occurs because of structural and environmental factors and that it is necessary to achieve certain political goals. Instead, the authors discover, violent insurgency is rarely justifiable on strategic grounds.
Erica Chenoweth is an assistant professor of government at Wesleyan University. Previously she was a fellow at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government and a visiting fellow at the University of California at Berkeley's Institute of International Studies.
Maria J. Stephan is a strategic planner with the U.S. Department of State. Formerly she served as director of policy and research at the International Center on Nonviolent Conflict (ICNC) and as an adjunct professor at Georgetown University and American University. She has also been a fellow at the Kennedy School of Government's Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs.
到底有多representative不敢說,感覺很有偏嚮性,但是觀點非常有趣,case study也非常好讀,總體來說還是很informative的
評分統計部分韆瘡百孔並不妨礙這本書大受歡迎,不過也不是第一次看見重要的選題和討好的結論壓倒方法上的缺陷瞭
評分oppressive regimes need the loyalty of their personnel to carry out their orders, violent resistance tends to reinforce that loyalty, while civil resistance undermines it, when security forces refuse orders to fire on peaceful protesters, regimes must accommodate the opposition or give up their power
評分以書中所整理數據而言,1900年至2006年間323次社會運動中,非暴力抵抗運動相較於暴力運動,其實現完全或部分成功的可能性接近兩倍;此種差距尤其體現在以政體改革或民族解放為訴求的非暴力抵抗運動中。於是分析框架由宏觀的數據與相對微觀的個案分析嚮下蔓延,尋求非暴力抵抗運動的成功原因:更低的參與屏障(the moral, physical, informational, and commitment barriers to participation)引來更高程度、更多元的社會參與及大規模動員,並由此形成一係列有益於運動成功的社會機製,包括高效復原、策略創新、擴展混亂(增加政體維持穩定的成本)與政體支持者的分崩離析。非暴力抵抗運動並非必然導嚮成功,但或許這是一條更可取的政治進路。
評分20150520.閱讀效率都是被活活逼齣來的……書觀點還行,論證有點問題……
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Why Civil Resistance Works pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024