圖書標籤: 發展人類學 anthropology vicos development
发表于2024-11-10
Vicos and Beyond pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024
In 1952, Professor Allan Holmberg arranged for Cornell University to lease the Hacienda Vicos, an agricultural estate in the central Peruvian highlands on which some 1800 Quechua-speaking highland peasants resided. Between 1952 and 1957 Holmberg, with colleagues and students, initiated a set of social, economic, and agrarian changes, and nurtured mechanisms for community-based management of the estate by the resident peasants. By the end of a second lease in 1962, sufficient political pressure had been brought to bear on a reluctant national government to force the sale of Vicos to its people. Holmberg's twin goals for the Vicos Project were to bring about community possession of their land base and to study the process as it unfolded, advancing anthropological understanding of cultural change. To describe the process of doing both, he invented the term "participant intervention." Despite the large corpus of existing Vicos publications, this book contains much information that here reaches print for the first time. The chapter authors do not entirely agree on various key points regarding the nature of the Vicos Project, the intentions of project personnel and community actors, and what interpretive framework is most valid; in part, these disagreements reflect the relevance and importance of the Vicos Project to contemporary applied anthropologists and the contrasting ways in which any historical event can be explained. Some chapters contrast Vicos with other projects in the southern Andean highlands; others examine new developments at Vicos itself. The conclusion suggests how those changes should be understood, within Andean anthropology and within anthropology more generally.
Clifford R. Barnett is professor emeritus of anthropological sciences
at Stanford University. He is a past president of the Society for Applied
Anthropology and is one of the founders and past president of the Society
for Medical Anthropology. He has worked as an applied and medical anthropologist
in indigenous communities in the American Southwest and
Guatemala and in medical centers in the United States. Correspondence
should be directed to cliffb@stanford.edu.
Ralph Bolton, professor of anthropology at Pomona College, was a
Peace Corps volunteer in Peru from 1962 to 1965. He received his PhD
from Cornell University in 1972, with a dissertation based on two years
of fieldwork in the department of Puno. His work was twice honored
with the Stirling Award from the Society for Psychological Anthropology
(1972, 1974). He is an author of more than thirty publications dealing with
the Andes and the coeditor with E. Mayer of Andean Kinship and Marriage
(1977). His latest volume is a collection entitled Cuyes, Camiones y Cuentos
en los Andes (2008). Bolton is also founder and president of The Chijnaya
Foundation, a nonprofit organization engaged in applied anthropology in
the highlands of southern Peru. Correspondence should be directed to
ProfessorBolton@aol.com.
Paul L. Doughty is Distinguished Service Professor and professor emeritus
of anthropology at the University of Florida. He studied anthropology
at the University of Pennsylvania and at Cornell University (PhD, 1963),
directed by Allan Holmberg. He worked in and visited Vicos many times after 1960; he was a consultant with the World Bank and the U.S. Agency
for International Development in Peru and Ecuador, president of the Latin
American Studies Association, and Malinowski awardee for career achievements
from the Society for Applied Anthropology. Correspondence
should be directed to p_doughty@bellsouth.net.
Jorge A. Flores Ochoa is professor emeritus at the Universidad de
Cuzco. A student of Oscar Nuñez del Prado, Professor Flores worked at
Kuyo Chico, a well-known 1960s project of Peruvian applied anthropology
stimulated by the Vicos Project. He is a leading authority on the anthropology,
past and present, of the Cuzco region, with extensive personal
research and publications on alpaca-raising communities in the southern
Peruvian highlands.
Tom Greaves is professor emeritus of anthropology at Bucknell University.
He completed his doctoral research in the late 1960s on four Peruvian
coastal haciendas. Additional field research in the Andes dealt with tin
miners, health, the fiesta complex, colonist farmers in the upper Amazon,
Andean proletarianization, and urban migrants. His more recent work has
dealt with contemporary indigenous issues and human rights. Greaves has
served as president of the Society for Applied Anthropology and on the
governing council of the National Association for the Practice of Anthropology.
Correspondence should be directed to greaves@bucknell.edu.
Billie Jean Isbell is emerita professor of anthropology at Cornell University.
She directed the Andean program for Cornell’s International Institute
for Food, Agriculture, and Development from 1990 until 2002. She also
directed the Latin American Program at Cornell from 1987 to 1993 and
again in 2001 and 2002. Recent publications include “Written on My
Body,” in Violence: Anthropological Encounters (2009); Finding Cholita (2009);
“Culture Confronts Nature in the Dialectical World of the Tropics,” in
Foundations of Archaeoastronomy (2008); “Para Defendernos,” in Bartolomé
de las Casas (2005); and “Protest Arts from Ayacucho, Peru: Song and
Visual Artworks As Validation of Experience,” in Quechua Expresivo: La
Inscripción de Voces Andinas (2004). Illustrations of the art and music are
available on her website, “The Billie Jean Isbell Andean Collection”
(http://isbellandes.library.cornell.edu). She also has another website,
titled “Vicos: A Virtual Tour” (http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/vicosperu/
vicos-site). Correspondence should be directed to bji1@cornell.edu.
William Mangin, professor of anthropology, Syracuse University, retired,
resided in Peru for three two-year periods and visited many times
between 1951 and 1996. His first work in Peru, in 1951, studied alcohol
use among Andean Indians in Vicos. He was field director of the Vicos
Project from mid-1952 to mid-1953; he studied migration to Lima and
squatter settlements in 1957 to 1959 and taught at the University of
San Marcos at that time. He was deputy and then acting director of the
Peace Corps in Peru from 1962 to 1964. His made his last visit to Vicos
in the 1980s. Some of his publications include It’s All Relative (1988);
“Thoughts on Twenty-four Years of Work in Peru: The Vicos Project
and Me,” in Long-term Field Research in Social Anthropology (1979);
“Squatter Settlements” in Scientific American (1967); and “Latin American
Squatter Settlements: A Problem and a Solution,” in Latin American Research
Review (1967).
Enrique Mayer studied economics and anthropology in England and
received his doctorate from Cornell. From 1971 to 1978 he served on the
faculty of the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú and directed the
master’s program in anthropology. From 1977 to 1981 he headed the Departamento
de Investigaciones Antropológicas of the Instituto Indigenísta
Interamericano in Mexico and was editor of the Revista América Indígena.
He was professor of anthropology at the University of Illinois, Urbana
Champaign, and, for eight years, director of the Center for Latin American
and Caribbean Studies until 1995. Since 1996 he has been professor of
anthropology at Yale. He has done fieldwork in Peru in the community of
Tángor in Pasco province, in the headwaters region of the Río Cañete, in
the Mantaro Valley, and in the Tulumayo Valley in Paucartambo province,
Cuzco. His latest book is Ugly Stories of the Peruvian Agrarian Reform (2009).
Correspondence should be directed to enrique.mayer@yale.edu.
William P. Mitchell, professor of anthropology and Freed Professor in
the Social Sciences at Monmouth University, as well as visiting professor
of anthropology at Lima’s Catholic University in 1987 and 1988, began his
research in Peru in 1965, conducting many research trips and investigations
in Ayacucho, Huancayo, Lima, and other areas of the coast. In addition to
many articles, he has published Peasants on the Edge (1981), Voices from the
Global Margin (2006), Picturing Faith (1999, with Barbara Jaye), and Irrigation
at High Altitudes (1994, with David Guillet). Correspondence should
be directed to Mitchell@Monmouth.edu.
Karsten Paerregaard is associate professor in the Department of Anthropology,
University of Copenhagen. His research is focused on migration
processes inside and outside Peru. His publications include Linking Separate
Worlds. Urban Migrants and Rural Lives in Peru (1997), Peruvians Dispersed:
A Global Ethnography of Migration (2008), and El Quinto Suyo: Transnacionalidad
and Formaciones Diaspóricas en la Migración Peruana (2005, edited with
Ulla Berg). Correspondence should be directed to karsten.paerregaard@
anthro.ku.dk.
Jason Pribilsky is a cultural and medical anthropologist and associate
professor of anthropology and Latin American studies at Whitman College
in Washington State. Through fieldwork in Ecuador, Peru, and the urban
United States, his research has focused on issues of migration, masculinity,
infectious disease, the cultural politics of traditional medicine, and economic
change in rural livelihoods. He is the author of numerous articles
and book chapters, as well as the monograph La Chulla Vida: Gender,
Migration, and the Family in Andean Ecuador and New York City (2007). Correspondence
should be directed to pribiljc@whitman.edu.
Eric B. Ross is a cultural anthropologist who has taught at the University
of Michigan (Ann Arbor), the University of Huddersfield (England),
and the Institute of Social Studies (Netherlands), where he ran its master’s
program in development studies. He has done research in the Peruvian
Amazon, Mexico, and Guatemala, and his current interests include the
comparative origins of food systems, peasant livelihood strategies, and
ideologies of capitalist development. Besides having published innumerable
articles, he is the author of The Malthus Factor: Poverty, Politics and
Population in Capitalist Development (1998), coauthor (with Marvin Harris)
of Death, Sex and Fertility: Population Regulation in Preindustrial and Developing
Societies (1987), editor of Beyond the Myths of Culture: Essays in Cultural
Materialism (1980), and coeditor (with Marvin Harris) of Food and Evolution:
Toward a Theory of Human Food Habits (1987). He is currently visiting
professor of anthropology and international development studies at George
Washington University, Washington, DC. Correspondence should be directed
to ross@iss.nl.
Florencia Zapata is an anthropologist specializing in Andean rural development.
Since 1999 she has worked in the Andean Program of The Mountain Institute. Between 2003 and 2006 she was a visiting scholar in
the Latin American Studies Program at Cornell. From 2003 to 2008 she
coordinated a project on methods to evoke and document local collective
memory on the impacts of modernization and development. Currently she
is working on conservation of mountain ecosystems, Andean community
development, and further studies of collective memory. In 2005 she facilitated
the creation of Memorias de la Comunidad de Vicos: Así Nos Recordamos,
authored by the Community of Vicos. Correspondence should be directed
to florenciaz@mountain.org.
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Vicos and Beyond pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024