Preface ixAbout the Author xivChapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Computer Security Concepts 3 1.2 The OSI Security Architecture 8 1.3 Security Attacks 9 1.4 Security Services 13 1.5 Security Mechanisms 16 1.6 A Model for Network Security 19 1.7 Standards 21 1.8 Outline of This Book 21 1.9 Recommended Reading 22 1.10 Internet and Web Resources 23 1.11 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 25 PART ONE CRYPTOGRAPHY 27Chapter 2 Symmetric Encryption and Message Confidentiality 27 2.1 Symmetric Encryption Principles 28 2.2 Symmetric Block Encryption Algorithms 34 2.3 Random and Pseudorandom Numbers 42 2.4 Stream Ciphers and RC4 45 2.5 Cipher Block Modes of Operation 50 2.6 Recommended Reading and Web Sites 55 2.7 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 56Chapter 3 Public-Key Cryptography and Message Authentication 61 3.1 Approaches to Message Authentication 62 3.2 Secure Hash Functions 67 3.3 Message Authentication Codes 73 3.4 Public-Key Cryptography Principles 79 3.5 Public-Key Cryptography Algorithms 83 3.6 Digital Signatures 90 3.7 Recommended Reading and Web Sites 90 3.8 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 91 PART TWO NETWORK SECURITY APPLICATIONS 97Chapter 4 Key Distribution and User Authentication 97 4.1 Symmetric Key Distribution Using Symmetric Encryption 98 4.2 Kerberos 99 4.3 Key Distribution Using Asymmetric Encryption 114 4.4 X.509 Certificates 116 4.5 Public-Key Infrastructure 124 4.6 Federated Identity Management 126 4.7 Recommended Reading and Web Sites 132 4.8 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 133Chapter 5 Transport-Level Security 139 5.1 Web Security Considerations 140 5.2 Secure Socket Layer and Transport Layer Security 143 5.3 Transport Layer Security 156 5.4 HTTPS 160 5.5 Secure Shell (SSH) 162 5.6 Recommended Reading and Web Sites 173 5.7 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 173Chapter 6 Wireless Network Security 175 6.1 IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN Overview 177 6.2 IEEE 802.11iWireless LAN Security 183 6.3 Wireless Application Protocol Overview 197 6.4 Wireless Transport Layer Security 204 6.5 WAP End-to-End Security 214 6.6 Recommended Reading andWeb Sites 217 6.7 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 218Chapter 7 Electronic Mail Security 221 7.1 Pretty Good Privacy 222 7.2 S/MIME 241 7.3 DomainKeys Identified Mail 257 7.4 Recommended Reading and Web Sites 264 7.5 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 265 Appendix 7A Radix-64 Conversion 266Chapter 8 IP Security 269 8.1 IP Security Overview 270 8.2 IP Security Policy 276 8.3 Encapsulating Security Payload 281 8.4 Combining Security Associations 288 8.5 Internet Key Exchange 292 8.6 Cryptographic Suites 301 8.7 Recommended Reading and Web Sites 302 8.8 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 303 PART THI~ SYSTEM SECURITY 305Chapter 9 Intruders 305 9.1 Intruders 307 9.2 Intrusion Detection 312 9.3 Password Management 323 9.4 Recommended Reading andWeb sites 333 9.5 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 334 Appendix 9A The Base-Rate Fallacy 337Chapter 10 Malicious Soft-ware 340 10.1 Types of Malicious Software 341 10.2 Viruses 346 10.3 Virus Countermeasures 351 10.4 Worms 356 10.5 Distributed Denial of Service Attacks 365 10.6 Recommended Reading and Web Sites 370 10.7 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 371Chapter 11 Firewalls 374 11.1 The Need for Firewalls 375 11.2 Firewall Characteristics 376 11.3 Types of Firewalls 378 11.4 Firewall Basing 385 11.5 Firewall Location and Configurations 388 11.6 Recommended Reading andWeb Site 393 11.7 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 394 APPENDICES 398 Appendix A Some Aspects of Number Theory 398 A.1 Prime and Relatively Prime Numbers 399 A.2 Modular Arithmetic 401 Appendix B Projects for Teaching Network Security 403 B.1 Research Projects 404 B.2 Hacking Project 405 B.3 Programming Projects 405 B.4 Laboratory Exercises 406 B.5 Practical Security Assessments 406 B.6 Writing Assignments 406 B.7 Reading/Report Assignments 407 Index 408 ONLINE CHAPTERSChapter 12 Network Management Security 12.1 Basic Concepts of SNMP 12.2 SNMPvl Community Facility 12.3 SNMPv3 12.4 Recommended Reading and Web Sites 12.5 Key Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsChapter 13 Legal and Ethical Aspects 13.1 Cybercrime and Computer Crime 13.2 Intellectual Property 13.3 Privacy 13.4 Ethical Issues 13.5 Recommended Reading and Web Sites 13.6 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems ONLINE APPENDICESAppendix C Standards and Standards-Setting Organizations C.1 The Importance of Standards C.2 Internet Standards and the Internet Society C.3 National Institute of Standards and TechnologyAppendix D TCP/IP and OSI D.1 Protocols and Protocol Architectures D.2 The TCP/IP Protocol Architecture Do3 The Role of an Internet Protocol D.4 IPv4 D.5 IPv6 D.6 The OSI Protocol ArchitectureAppendix E Pseudorandom Number Generation E.1 PRNG Requirements E.2 PRNG Using a Block Cipher E.3 PRNG Using a Hash Function or Message Authentication CodeAppendix F Kerberos Encryption Techniques E.1 Password-to-Key Transformation E.2 Propagating Cipher Block Chaining ModeAppendix G Data Compression Using ZIP G.1 Compression Algorithm G.2 Decompression AlgorithmAppendix H PGP Random Number Generation H.1 True Random Numbers H.2 Pseudorandom NumbersAppendix I The International Reference AlphabetGlossaryReferences
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