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How and why do ceramics and their production change through time? This is a unique ethno-archaeological study that attempts to answer these questions by tracing social change among potters and changes in the production and distribution of their pottery in a single Mexican community between 1965 and 1997. Dean E Arnold made ten visits to Ticul, Yucatan, Mexico, witnessing the changes in transportation infrastructure, the use of piped water, and the development of tourist resorts. Even in this context of social change and changes in the demand for pottery, most of the potters in 1997 came from the families that had made pottery in 1965. This book traces changes and continuities in that population of potters, in the demand and distribution of pottery, and in the procurement of clay and temper, paste composition, forming, and firing. In this volume, Arnold bridges the gap between archaeology and ethnography, using his analysis of contemporary ceramic production and distribution to generate new theoretical explanations for archaeologists working with pottery from antiquity. When the descriptions and explanations of Arnolds findings in Ticul are placed in the context of the literature on craft specialisation, a number of insights can be applied to the archaeological record that confirm, contradict, and nuance generalisations concerning the evolution of ceramic specialisation. This book will be of special interest to anthropologists, archaeologists, and ethnographers.

List of Figures / xi
List of Tables / xvii
Foreword by Eleanor Wake / xxi
Preface / xxiii
Acknowledgments / xxvii
Chapter 1: Introduction / 1
Paradigms of Pottery and Social Change / 2
The Limits of Ethnographic Analogy / 17
Collecting Data in the Field / 21
Data Reduction and Analysis / 24
The Plan of the Book / 27
Chapter 2: How Have the Population and Organization of
Potters Changed? / 31
The Social Context / 33
Changing Production Organization / 37
Forces of Social Continuity / 40
Forces of Social Change / 65
Social Change and Increased Production-unit Size / 78
Conclusion / 88
Chapter 3: How Have Demand and Consumption Changed? / 93
Demand and Cultural Evolution / 94
Demand from Traditional Uses of Pottery / 95
New Demand and New Uses of Pottery / 113
Cycles of Demand and Their Changes / 119
Quantitative Measures of Change in Demand / 120
Conclusion / 121
Chapter 4: How Has Distribution of the Pottery Changed? / 127
Changes in Transportation Infrastructure / 128
Changes in the Types of Distribution / 133
Vertical Integration / 148
Conclusion / 150
Chapter 5: How Has Clay Procurement Changed? / 153
Under What Conditions Does Clay Procurement Change? / 154
How Do Changes in Clay Procurement Affect Procurement
Organization? / 170
A Surrogate Measure of Production Intensity / 180
Procurement Intensity, Organization, and Production-unit Size / 183
Do Changing Clay Sources Reflect Evolutionary Social Change? / 184
Chapter 6: How Has Temper Procurement Changed? / 191
Changes in Temper for Cooking Pottery / 192
Changes in Temper for Non-cooking Pottery / 193
A Surrogate Measure of Production Intensity / 215
Control and Access to Temper Sources / 218
Conclusion / 218
Chapter 7: How Has Composition of the Pottery Fabric Changed? / 221
Behavioral Changes in Paste Preparation / 222
Changes in Paste Composition over Time / 226
Conclusion / 227
Chapter 8: How Has the Forming Technology Changed? / 229
Why Were New Fabrication Techniques Adopted? / 232
Changes in Forming Technology / 237
Choosing a Technique / 265
Changing Explanations of Dimensional Variability / 265
Conclusion / 272
Chapter 9: How Has Firing Technology Changed? / 281
Changes in the Procurement and Use of Fuel / 282
Changes in Kiln-making Technology / 284
Task Segmentation and Specialization in Firing / 286
Changes in Kiln Sizes and Their Distribution among Potters / 302
Conclusion / 304
Chapter 10: Conclusion / 309
Summary of Changes / 311
The Conservative Nature of Household Production / 314
Efficiency / 318
Paradigms: Social Change and Specialization / 319
References Cited / 327
Index / 345
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