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出版者:

作者:Valiulis, Maryann 编

出品人:

页数:224

译者:

出版时间:2008-10

价格:$ 37.23

装帧:

isbn号码:9780716529637

丛书系列:

图书标签:

• Gender History
• Irish History
• Power Relations
• Social History
• Women's History
• Masculinity
• Feminism
• Ireland
• Historical Sociology
• Cultural History

A Tapestry of Rebellion and Resilience: Power Dynamics in Early Modern Ireland This comprehensive volume delves into the intricate web of power, authority, and resistance that characterized early modern Ireland, specifically spanning the tumultuous period from the late fifteenth century through the Cromwellian conquest and Restoration. Rather than focusing on gendered analyses, this work meticulously reconstructs the multilayered political landscape, examining how sovereignty was negotiated, contested, and ultimately transformed by external imperial forces and internal societal structures. The central argument of this historical study posits that the period represents a critical juncture where traditional Gaelic hierarchies—rooted in kinship, patronage, and localized lordship—were systematically undermined by the encroaching administrative and legal frameworks imposed by the English Crown. The narrative moves beyond simplistic notions of conquest, instead exploring the nuanced and often contradictory ways in which Irish elites adapted, resisted, or internalized these novel forms of governance. Part I: The Fading Authority of the Gaelic Order The initial section establishes the baseline of indigenous power structures preceding intensive Tudor intervention. It offers a granular analysis of the seanchas (ancient law and lore) that underpinned the authority of the major Gaelic overlords—the O'Neills, the Butlers of Ormond, and the Fitzgeralds of Desmond. Through extensive use of Gaelic legal tracts, bardic poetry, and fragmented estate records, the author reconstructs the mechanisms through which loyalty was secured, debts were collected, and justice administered at the local level. Emphasis is placed on the concept of flaitheas (lordship), examining its ritualistic, economic, and military dimensions. A significant chapter is dedicated to the economic basis of this power: land tenure and livestock wealth. It challenges the romanticized view of Gaelic society by demonstrating the sophisticated, albeit decentralized, economic administration practiced within these lordships. Furthermore, the study meticulously charts the internal conflicts and shifting alliances among these Gaelic houses, illustrating how dynastic ambitions often superseded unified resistance to external pressure. The narrative highlights the crucial role of "transitional figures"—those Gaelic magnates who adopted English titles, customs, and administrative practices in a pragmatic bid to preserve their ancestral holdings and influence. Part II: The Imposition of Imperial Governance The core of the book examines the Tudor conquest not as a singular event, but as a protracted administrative and military campaign aimed at extinguishing the existing structure of lordship and replacing it with recognizable English feudal and bureaucratic norms. This section provides an in-depth look at the introduction of the Composition of Connacht and the Plantations as instruments of state power. The analysis of the Plantations is exhaustive, moving beyond simple ethnic delineation to explore the complex legal maneuvering required to dispossess native families. Detailed attention is paid to the mechanism of "surrender and regrant," scrutinizing the often-opaque legal documents that fundamentally altered land ownership from usufruct rights to freehold tenure traceable back to the Crown. The study investigates the resulting economic disruption—the shift from cattle-based wealth to arable farming models favored by the settlers—and its destabilizing effect on the Gaelic populace. A specialized chapter focuses on the evolution of the Council of Ireland and the gradual institutionalization of English common law. It analyzes the resistance mounted not just through open warfare, but through persistent legal challenges, appeals to the Privy Council in London, and the maintenance of parallel Gaelic legal systems in remote regions. The impact of the Reformation is treated primarily through its political ramifications: how the imposition of the Protestant ecclesiastical settlement served as a powerful tool for undermining the moral and social legitimacy of the Gaelic aristocracy, who remained staunchly Catholic. Part III: War, Subjugation, and Transformation The final section addresses the seventeenth century, viewing the Nine Years' War (Tyrone’s Rebellion) and the subsequent Cromwellian campaigns as the decisive ruptures that shattered the old order. The study emphasizes the strategic military innovations employed by both sides. For the Irish, it examines the difficulties inherent in transforming decentralized lordship levies into a cohesive national army capable of sustained siege warfare and logistical operations against a professionally financed imperial power. The Cromwellian conquest is analyzed through the lens of systematic expropriation and social engineering. The book meticulously documents the Articles of the Cromwellian Settlement, detailing the establishment of the adventurers and soldiers as new proprietary classes. Crucially, the work maps the forced relocation of the native Catholic landowning class to the western province of Connacht—the policy of "To Hell or to Connacht"—and analyzes the long-term socio-economic consequences of this geographic dislocation on political memory and resource distribution. The concluding chapters explore the complexities of the Restoration period. While the monarchy was restored, the power base in Ireland had irrevocably shifted. The narrative explores the failed attempts by the transplanted Catholic gentry to regain their estates through the Court of Claims, illustrating how the bureaucratic hurdles and lingering prejudices of the new Protestant ascendancy effectively cemented the territorial losses. This final synthesis demonstrates how the early modern period witnessed a comprehensive, if unevenly applied, restructuring of Irish political authority, creating enduring fault lines that shaped subsequent centuries of Irish history. The work concludes by positing that the struggle for power during this era was less about ideological purity and more about the brutal competition for viable tenure and recognized legal standing within an increasingly centralized imperial state.

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