具体描述
Advanced Pharmaceutical Formulation: A Modern Perspective Book Description This comprehensive textbook delves into the intricate science and practical application of developing complex pharmaceutical dosage forms in the contemporary healthcare landscape. Moving beyond standard compounding techniques, Advanced Pharmaceutical Formulation focuses on the cutting-edge challenges and innovative solutions inherent in creating personalized and highly specialized medicines for today’s patients. Target Audience: This volume is essential reading for practicing pharmacists specializing in sterile and non-sterile compounding, pharmaceutical scientists engaged in formulation development, regulatory affairs professionals navigating complex drug approval pathways, and graduate-level students requiring an in-depth understanding of modern drug delivery systems. Core Content Sections: Part I: Fundamentals of Advanced Dosage Form Design This section establishes the theoretical groundwork necessary for understanding modern formulation challenges, emphasizing physicochemical principles that dictate drug performance and stability. Chapter 1: Physicochemical Characterization for Complex Drugs: A rigorous examination of methods used to characterize active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) that present solubility, stability, or bioavailability issues. This includes detailed discussions on polymorphism, amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), co-crystallization techniques, and particle size engineering (nanonization and micronization). Emphasis is placed on how these intrinsic properties influence formulation strategy. Chapter 2: Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Beyond the Basics: Extends the traditional BCS framework to include advanced permeability modifiers and the complexities introduced by novel delivery vehicles. Explores the concept of Biopharmaceutics Classification System for Enhanced Permeability and Absorption (BCS-EP) and its implications for oral dosage design in poorly soluble compounds. Chapter 3: Excipient Selection in High-Demand Formulations: Analyzes the role of functional excipients in modern drug matrices, focusing on excipients optimized for stability in liquid suspensions, controlled-release matrices, and specialized transdermal patches. Critical evaluation of excipient compatibility testing protocols, including forced degradation studies tailored to novel excipient-API interactions. Part II: Engineering Specialized Delivery Systems This major section provides granular detail on the engineering principles behind sophisticated, high-stakes dosage forms that require specialized manufacturing environments and precise control over drug release kinetics. Chapter 4: Sterile Preparations: Advanced Aseptic Processing: A deep dive into the current standards and technologies governing the preparation of parenteral, ophthalmic, and implantable sterile products. Covers isolator technology, Restricted Access Barrier Systems (RABS), media fill simulation interpretation, and the validation of sterilization cycles (autoclaving, filtration, and terminal sterilization). Focuses heavily on low-volume, high-potency injectable formulations. Chapter 5: Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery: Explores the engineering and scale-up of lipid-based nanocarriers (liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles – SLNs, and nanostructured lipid carriers – NLCs) for targeted delivery. Detailed protocols for characterization, including zeta potential measurement, particle size distribution analysis via DLS, and stability assessment under shear stress. Discusses regulatory considerations for these complex systems. Chapter 6: Transdermal and Topical Delivery Systems Optimization: Focuses on overcoming the stratum corneum barrier. Detailed coverage of various patch technologies (matrix, reservoir), and advanced formulations like microemulsions and penetration enhancers. Includes biophysical methods for in vitro skin permeation testing and flux calculation necessary for clinical prediction. Chapter 7: Controlled and Modified Release Kinetics: Examines sophisticated polymer systems utilized for achieving zero-order drug release profiles. Chapters cover hydrophilic matrix swelling behavior, osmotic pump mechanisms, and the application of enteric coating technologies for site-specific drug delivery in the gastrointestinal tract, addressing the mathematics of dissolution testing profiles for these systems. Part III: Regulatory Compliance and Quality Assurance in Modern Manufacturing This part addresses the stringent regulatory environment governing specialized pharmaceutical preparations, ensuring patient safety and product efficacy throughout the lifecycle. Chapter 8: Quality by Design (QbD) Implementation in Formulation Development: Provides a practical framework for applying QbD principles (ICH Q8/Q9/Q10) specifically to compounding and small-batch manufacturing environments. Focuses on establishing the Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) and identifying Critical Process Parameters (CPPs) relevant to non-standard API handling and complex mixing/homogenization steps. Chapter 9: Stability Testing and Shelf-Life Determination for Non-Standard Formulations: Details the specific challenges in establishing robust stability programs for compounded preparations involving labile APIs or novel excipient combinations. Covers accelerated stability protocols, kinetic modeling for degradation pathways, and the specific requirements for determining Beyond-Use Dates (BUDs) under varying storage conditions. Chapter 10: Handling High-Potency Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (HPAPIs): Addresses the occupational safety and facility requirements for preparing cytotoxic, hormonal, and highly active compounds. Includes engineering controls (containment strategies), cleaning validation protocols to prevent cross-contamination, and appropriate environmental monitoring techniques specific to low occupational exposure limits (OELs). Part IV: Application and Future Directions Chapter 11: Bioavailability Enhancement Strategies: Dedicated entirely to techniques aimed at maximizing systemic exposure from poorly absorbed compounds. Includes detailed process flow diagrams for hot-melt extrusion (HME) for ASD preparation, spray-drying techniques, and the use of lipid carriers versus cyclodextrin complexation. Chapter 12: Personalized Medicine and 3D Printing in Pharmacy: Explores emerging manufacturing paradigms. Examines the feasibility, material science, and regulatory pathway for utilizing additive manufacturing (3D printing) to create dosage forms with tailored doses, dissolution profiles, and physical geometries for individual patient needs, highlighting polymaterial printing challenges. Conclusion: This textbook serves as an indispensable reference, bridging the gap between theoretical pharmaceutical science and the demanding reality of preparing specialized medicines that meet the evolving needs of complex patient populations. It focuses strictly on the engineering, quality control, and regulatory aspects of creating advanced, patient-specific drug products.
