The Cistercian Evolution pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2026
- 基督教
- Cistercian Order
- Monasticism
- Medieval History
- Religious History
- European History
- Spirituality
- Asceticism
- Reform
- Cluny
- Western Christianity
具体描述
According to the received history, the Cistercian order was founded in Citeaux, France, in 1098 by a group of Benedictine monks who wished for a stricter community. They sought a monastic life that called for extreme asceticism, rejection of feudal revenues, and manual labor for monks. Their third leader, Stephen Harding, issued a constitution, the Carta Caritatis, that called for the uniformity of custom in all Cistercian monasteries and the establishment of an annual general chapter meeting at Citeaux. The Cistercian order grew phenomenally in the mid-twelfth century, reaching beyond France to Portugal in the west, Sweden in the north, and the eastern Mediterranean, ostensibly through a process of apostolic gestation, whereby members of a motherhouse would go forth to establish a new house. The abbey at Clairvaux, founded by Bernard in 1115, was alone responsible for founding 68 of the 338 Cistercian abbeys in existence by 1153. But this well-established view of a centrally organized order whose founders envisioned the shape and form of a religious order at its prime is not borne out in the historical record. Through an investigation of early Cistercian documents, Constance Hoffman Berman proves that no reliable reference to Stephen's Carta Caritatis appears before the mid-twelfth century, and that the document is more likely to date from 1165 than from 1119. The implications of this fact are profound. Instead of being a charter by which more than 300 Cistercian houses were set up by a central authority, the document becomes a means of bringing under centralized administrative control a large number of loosely affiliated and already existing monastic houses of monks as well as nuns who shared Cistercian customs. The likely reason for this administrative structuring was to check the influence of the overdominant house of Clairvaux, which threatened the authority of Citeaux through Bernard's highly successful creation of new monastic communities. For centuries the growth of the Cistercian order has been presented as a spontaneous spirituality that swept western Europe through the power of the first house at Citeaux. Berman suggests instead that the creation of the religious order was a collaborative activity, less driven by centralized institutions; its formation was intended to solve practical problems about monastic administration. With the publication of The Cistercian Evolution, for the first time the mechanisms are revealed by which the monks of Citeaux reshaped fact to build and administer one of the most powerful and influential religious orders of the Middle Ages.
作者简介
目录信息
读后感
评分
评分
评分
评分
用户评价
这个书实在是不好评价。虽然提出了很多颠覆性的见解，但是早期Cistersian的历史究竟是否如此，各方面的学者意见也不一致。说到底，本书就是论证bernard时期并没有成建制的熙笃会，要到１２世纪下半甚至到１３世纪才真正成型。里面主要的论据是各种手稿，因而不敢随便评价。相反意见可以参考Chrysogonus Waddell, “The Myth of Cistercian Origins: C. H. Berman and the Manuscript Sources." Cîteaux: Commentarii Cisterciensis 51 (2000): pp. 299-386.
评分这个书实在是不好评价。虽然提出了很多颠覆性的见解，但是早期Cistersian的历史究竟是否如此，各方面的学者意见也不一致。说到底，本书就是论证bernard时期并没有成建制的熙笃会，要到１２世纪下半甚至到１３世纪才真正成型。里面主要的论据是各种手稿，因而不敢随便评价。相反意见可以参考Chrysogonus Waddell, “The Myth of Cistercian Origins: C. H. Berman and the Manuscript Sources." Cîteaux: Commentarii Cisterciensis 51 (2000): pp. 299-386.
评分这个书实在是不好评价。虽然提出了很多颠覆性的见解，但是早期Cistersian的历史究竟是否如此，各方面的学者意见也不一致。说到底，本书就是论证bernard时期并没有成建制的熙笃会，要到１２世纪下半甚至到１３世纪才真正成型。里面主要的论据是各种手稿，因而不敢随便评价。相反意见可以参考Chrysogonus Waddell, “The Myth of Cistercian Origins: C. H. Berman and the Manuscript Sources." Cîteaux: Commentarii Cisterciensis 51 (2000): pp. 299-386.
评分这个书实在是不好评价。虽然提出了很多颠覆性的见解，但是早期Cistersian的历史究竟是否如此，各方面的学者意见也不一致。说到底，本书就是论证bernard时期并没有成建制的熙笃会，要到１２世纪下半甚至到１３世纪才真正成型。里面主要的论据是各种手稿，因而不敢随便评价。相反意见可以参考Chrysogonus Waddell, “The Myth of Cistercian Origins: C. H. Berman and the Manuscript Sources." Cîteaux: Commentarii Cisterciensis 51 (2000): pp. 299-386.
评分这个书实在是不好评价。虽然提出了很多颠覆性的见解，但是早期Cistersian的历史究竟是否如此，各方面的学者意见也不一致。说到底，本书就是论证bernard时期并没有成建制的熙笃会，要到１２世纪下半甚至到１３世纪才真正成型。里面主要的论据是各种手稿，因而不敢随便评价。相反意见可以参考Chrysogonus Waddell, “The Myth of Cistercian Origins: C. H. Berman and the Manuscript Sources." Cîteaux: Commentarii Cisterciensis 51 (2000): pp. 299-386.
相关图书
本站所有内容均为互联网搜索引擎提供的公开搜索信息，本站不存储任何数据与内容，任何内容与数据均与本站无关，如有需要请联系相关搜索引擎包括但不限于百度，google,bing,sogou 等
© 2026 book.quotespace.org All Rights Reserved. 小美书屋 版权所有