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David Martin Jones examines how China has been portrayed in European and subsequently North American social and political thought and what, if anything, this depiction tells us about the character of this thought. Such a question immediately evokes the spectre of orientalism and subsequent chapters explore whether the identification of an orientalist project invalidates the knowledge claims of European and North American social and political thought as it evolved from the eighteenth to the twentieth century.

DAVID MARTIN JONES is Senior Lecturer in Government at the University of Tasmania. He is author of Political Development in Pacific Asia and co-author of Toward Illiberal Democracy in Pacific Asia.

Acknowledgements vii
Introduction: the Bewilderment of Names and Images: East Asia in Western Social and Political Thought 1
1 East Asia in the Early Modern European Imagination 14
Eighteenth century critics of virtuous China 28
Summary of the eighteenth century engagement 33
2 Ambassadors, Economists and Oriental Despots: the Early Nineteenth Century Understanding of China 37
Ambassadors and oriental despots 38 Sinology, philology and China 52
Conclusion 64
3 Nineteenth Century Progress and Arrested Civilizations 67
Romanticism, authenticity and China 70
The Aryan myth, the yellow race and the problem of degeneration 76
China and racial apotheosis in late nineteenth century Germany 81
Comte, Darwin, Spencer and Chinese evolution 85
Racial determinism, the China case and late nineteenth century thought 96
4 Peculiar Nation: Sinology and the Social Sciences 1890–1949 99
Sinology at the nineteenth century’s end 99
Weber, Durkheim, and Asia 119
Culture, psychotherapy, universal history and China in the early twentieth century 125
A brief genealogy of western approaches to China 1895–1949 137
5 Awakening, Arising, Developing and Deconstructing: China’s Mutable Modernization in Contemporary Social and Political Science 145
Comparative politics and the modernization paradigm 148
History, area studies and China 166
Peasant revolutions, dependencia and developmental states 174
The developmental state, Asian values and the deconstruction of post Maoist China 187
China wakes (again) 192
Nationalism and contradictions with Chinese characteristics at the end of history 199
Toward a conclusion 201
Notes 204
Bibliography 207
Index 228
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