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Casuistry, the practice of resolving moral problems by applying a logical framework, has had a much larger historical presence before and since it was given a name in the Renaissance. The contributors to this volume examine a series of case studies to explain how different cultures and religions, past and present, have wrestled with morality's exceptions and margins and the norms with which they break. For example, to what extent have the Islamic and Judaic traditions allowed smoking tobacco or gambling? How did the Spanish colonization of America generate formal justifications for what it claimed? Where were the lines of transgression around food, money-lending, and sex in Ancient Greece and Rome? How have different systems dealt with suicide?

Casuistry lives at the heart of such questions, in the tension between norms and exceptions, between what seems forbidden but is not. A Historical Approach to Casuistry does not only examine this tension, but re-frames casuistry as a global phenomenon that has informed ethical and religious traditions for millennia, and that continues to influence our lives today.

Carlo Ginzburg is Franklin D. Murphy Professor of Italian Renaissance Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles, and Emeritus Professor of History of European Cultures at the Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa, Italy.

Lucio Biasiori is Research Fellow at the Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa, Italy. His interests encompass early modern religious and cultural history.

Preface, Carlo Ginzburg (University of California, Los Angeles, USA; Scuola Normale Superiore, Italy)
Acknowledgments
Part I Casuistry and Medicine across Time and Space
1. The Royal College of Paediatrics 2004 / 2015 Guidance for Decision Making at The End of Life : A Framework for Casuistry, Avishai Sarfatti (Oxford University, UK)
2. The Medical Case Narrative in Pre-Modern Europe and China: Comparative History of an Epistemic Genre, Gianna Pomata (Johns Hopkins University, USA)
Part II Religious Anomalies in the Ancient and Medieval World
3. (Un)written Laws and Transgressions in Ancient Greece and Rome, Jan Bremmer (Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Netherlands)
4. The Case About Jesus: (Counter-)History and Casuistry in Toledot Yeshu, Daniel Barbu (CNRS, UMR 8584, Laboratoire d'études sur les monothéismes, Paris, France)
Part III Legal Casuistry between Judaism and Islam
5. “I signed but I did not say”: The Status of Chess in Early Modern Judaism, Andrew Berns (University of South Carolina, USA)
6. The Many Roads to Justice: A Case of Adultery in Sixteenth-Century Cairo, Caterina Bori (Università di Bologna, Italy)
7. Islamic Casuistry and Galenic Medicine: Hashish, Coffee and the Emergence of the Jurist-Physician, Islam Dayeh (Freie Universität Berlin, Germany)
Part IV Casuistry between Reformation and Counter Reformation
8. The Exception as Norm: Casuistry of Suicide in John Donne's Biathanatos, Lucio Biasiori (Scuola Normale Superiore, Italy)
9. “Whether 'tis lawful for a man to beat his wife”: Casuistical Exercises in Late-Stuart and Early-Hanoverian England, Giovanni Tarantino (University of Western Australia)
Part V Norms and Exceptions in the Early Modern Global World (Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries)
10. Indians' Forced Labour as Case for Exception in Seventeenth-Century Colonial America, Angela Ballone (Max Planck Institute for European Legal History, Frankfurt am Main, Germany)
11. Morality and Empire: Cases, Norms and Exceptions in Sixteenth-Century Portuguese Asia, Sanjay Subrahmanyam (University of California, Los Angeles, USA)
12. An 'Our Father' for the Hottentots: Religion, Language and the Consensus Gentium, Martin Mulsow (Universität Erfurt, Germany)
Part VI Inside and Outside Port-Royal
13. Port-Royal at grips with its own casuistry and Pascal's stand, Silvia Berti (Sapienza - Università di Roma, Italy)
14. Casuistry and Irony: Some Reflections on Pascal's Provinciales, Carlo Ginzburg (University of California, Los Angeles, USA; Scuola Normale Superiore, Italy)
Sources
Bibliography
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