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The impact of Walter Gropius can be measured in his buildings—Fagus Factory, Bauhaus Dessau, Pan Am—but no less in his students. I. M. Pei, Paul Rudolph, Anni Albers, Philip Johnson, Fumihiko Maki: countless masters were once disciples at the Bauhaus in Berlin and at Harvard. Between 1910 and 1930, Gropius was at the center of European modernism and avant-garde society glamor, only to be exiled to the antimodernist United Kingdom during the Nazi years. Later, under the democratizing influence of American universities, Gropius became an advocate of public art and cemented a starring role in twentieth-century architecture and design.

Fiona MacCarthy challenges the image of Gropius as a doctrinaire architectural rationalist, bringing out the visionary philosophy and courage that carried him through a politically hostile age. Pilloried by Tom Wolfe as inventor of the monolithic high-rise, Gropius is better remembered as inventor of a form of art education that influenced schools worldwide. He viewed argument as intrinsic to creativity. Unusually for one in his position, Gropius encouraged women’s artistic endeavors and sought equal romantic partners.Though a traveler in elite circles, he objected to the cloistering of beauty as “a special privilege for the aesthetically initiated.”Gropius offers a poignant and personal story—and a fascinating reexamination of the urges that drove European and American modernism.

Fiona MacCarthy is the author of William Morris: A Life for Our Time, winner of the Wolfson History Prize and the Writers’ Guild Nonfiction Award; and the well-received Byron: Life and Legend. A former design correspondent for The Guardian and architecture critic for The Observer, she has curated exhibits at the Victoria & Albert Museum and the National Portrait Gallery in London. MacCarthy is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature and a Senior Fellow at the Royal College of Art.

Gropius Family Tree
Preface: The Silver Prince
I. First Life: Germany
1. Berlin 1883–1907
2. Spain 1907–1908
3. Berlin 1908–1910
4. Vienna and Alma Mahler 1910–1913
5. Gropius at War 1914–1918
6. Bauhaus Weimar and Lily Hildebrandt 1919–1920
7. Bauhaus Weimar and Maria Benemann 1920–1922
8. Bauhaus Weimar and Ise Gropius 1923–1925
9. Bauhaus Dessau 1925–1926
10. Bauhaus Dessau 1927–1928
11. America 1928
12. Berlin 1928–1932
13. Berlin 1933–1934
II. Second Life: England
14. London, Berlin, Rome 1934
15. London 1934
16. London 1935
17. London 1935–1936
18. London 1936–1937
III. Third Life: America
19. Harvard 1937–1939
20. Harvard and the Second World War 1940–1944
21. Return to Berlin 1945–1947
22. Harvard and TAC 1948–1952
23. Wandering Star: Japan, Paris, London, Baghdad, Berlin 1953–1959
24. New England 1960–1969
Afterword: Reverberations
Sources and References
Acknowledgements
Index
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