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Few ideas in Chinese discourse are as ubiquitous as ming, variously understood as "command," "allotted lifespan," "fate," or "life." In the earliest days of Chinese writing, ming was already present, invoked in divinations and etched into ancient bronzes; it has continued to inscribe itself down to the twentieth century in literature and film. This volume assembles twelve essays by some of the most eminent scholars currently working in Chinese studies to produce the first comprehensive study in English of ming's broad web of meanings.

The essays span the history of Chinese civilization and represent disciplines as varied as religion, philosophy, anthropology, literary studies, history, and sociology. Cross-cultural comparisons between ancient Chinese views of ming and Western conceptions of moira and fatum are discussed, providing a specific point of departure for contrasting the structure of attitudes between the two civilizations. Ming is central to debates on the legitimacy of rulership and is the crucial variable in Daoist manuals for prolonging one's life. It has preoccupied the philosopher and the poet and weighted on the minds of commoners throughout imperial China. Ming was the subject of the great critic Jin Shengtan's last major literary work and drove the narrative of such classic novels as The Investiture of the Gods and The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Confucius, Mencius, and most other great thinkers of the classical age, as well as those in ages to come, had much to say on the subject. It has only been eschewed in contemporary Chinese philosophy, but even its effacement there has ironically turned it into a sort of absent cause.

PART ONE The Foundations of Fate：Early Chinese Conceptions of Ming
Command and the Content of Tradition—— David Schaberg, University of California, Los Angeles
Following the Commands of Heaven：The Notion of Ming in Early China——Michael Puett, Harvard University
Languages of Fate：Semantic Fields in Chinese and Greek——Lisa Raphals, University of California, Riverside
How to Steer Through Life：Confronting Fate in the Daybook—— Mu-chou Poo, Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica
PART TWO Escape Attempts From Finitude：Ming in The Later Han and Six Dynasties Period
Living off the Books：Fifty Ways to Dodge Ming in Early-Medieval China——Robert Campany, Indiana University
Simple Twists of Fate: The Daoist Body and its Ming—— Stephen Bokenkamp, Indiana University
Multiple Vistas of Ming and Changing Visions of Life in the Work of Tao Qian—— Zong-qi Cai, University of Illinois
PART THREE Reversals of Fortune and Reversals of Reality：The Literary Career of Ming in Late Imperial Fiction and Drama
Turning Lethal Slander into Productive Instruction：Laws, Ledgers, and the Changing Taxonomies of Vernacular Production in Late Imperial China——Patricia Sieber, Ohio State University
Fate and Transcendence in the Rhetoric of Myth and Ritual—— P. Steven Sangren, Cornell University
PART FOUR Determinism's Progress：Voluntarism, Gender and Fatalism in Modern China
Hubris in Chinese Thought：A Theme in Post-Mao Cultural Criticism——Woei Lien Chong, Leiden University
Gendered Fate——Deirdre Sabina Knight, Smith College
Divi/Nation：Modern Literary Representations of the Chinese Imagined Community ——Christopher Lupke, Washington State University
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