Adversity, Stress and Psychopathology

Adversity, Stress and Psychopathology pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2026

出版者:Oxford Univ Pr
作者:Dohrenwend, Bruce P. 编
出品人:
页数:584
译者:
出版时间:1998-7
价格:$ 111.31
装帧:HRD
isbn号码:9780195121926
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • Adversity
  • Stress
  • Psychopathology
  • Mental Health
  • Psychological Disorders
  • Trauma
  • Coping Mechanisms
  • Resilience
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Psychology
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具体描述

"Adversity" involves exposure to unpropitious or calamitous circumstances. It occurs in extreme situations such as prolonged combat or natural disasters, both of which affect whole groups or communities of people simultaneously. It is found as well in more individually targeted events such as child abuse, bereavement, rape, physical illness, marital separation or divorce, unemployment, and homelessness. Exposure to adversity is not randomly distributed in society. It varies, for example, with gender, ethnic or racial background, and socioeconomic status. And some types of adversity can be precipitated by an individual's own actions. In this volume, the leading investigators review research on the nature of adversity and its relationship to major types of psychopathology including schizophrenia, depression, alcoholism and other substance-use disorders, antisocial personality disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and nonspecific distress. These relationships are examined in terms of theoretical concepts of life stress that describe the characteristics of the ongoing situation in which adverse events occur and the factors of personality and coping ability that also affect psychiatric outcomes. The authors sift through firm and infirm findings and critically evaluate existing theory and research strategies and provide and integrative theoretical framework. No other book offers as comprehensive and authoritative a discussion of the role of psychosocial stress in causing mental disorders.

好的,这是一份关于一本虚构图书的详细简介,其主题与“逆境、压力与精神病理学”无关: --- 《星际航道:跨越未知疆域的文明史诗》 作者:伊莱亚斯·范德比尔特 著 出版年份:2024年 页数:892页 内容梗概 《星际航道:跨越未知疆域的文明史诗》并非一部关于个人内心挣扎或环境适应压力的作品,而是一部宏大叙事下的硬科幻编年史。本书深入探讨了人类文明在进入广袤的银河系后,所面临的结构性挑战、哲学转向以及技术奇点的演变历程。它以横跨七个世纪的史诗视角,描绘了地球文明如何从一个摇摇欲坠的蓝色星球,蜕变为一个横跨数千光年的星际联邦的复杂过程。 全书的核心在于对“远征”这一行为的深入剖析——不仅是物理意义上的空间扩张,更是文化、意识形态和生物学层面的彻底重塑。范德比尔特教授以其深厚的理论物理学背景和历史学家的敏锐洞察力,构建了一个既严谨又充满想象力的未来图景。 第一部:黎明前的低语 (22世纪末 - 23世纪中叶) 本部分聚焦于“跃迁技术”的突破及其带来的最初冲击。作者详细记录了第一批远征舰队离开太阳系边缘,寻找宜居行星的艰辛历程。 关键章节: 《临界点的选择:卡尔德拉悖论的解决》: 详细阐述了驱动超光速航行的“卡尔德拉引擎”从理论到实践的艰难转化,以及初期航行中对时间膨胀效应的社会适应问题。 《泰坦之种:殖民地早期的社会工程》: 探讨了如何在资源极度匮乏、环境压力极大的新世界(如开普勒-186f衍生星系)建立起初步的社会秩序。这并非关于心理韧性的探讨,而是关于资源分配模型和基于基因编辑的劳动力结构设计。 《回声与沉默:与地球的首次通讯断绝》: 描述了当殖民地发展到一定阶段,由于星际间信息延迟导致的政治、经济和文化分离。这是一种地理隔离导致的结构性疏远,而非情感或心理上的隔阂。 范德比尔特强调,这一时期的冲突主要源于物流、能源获取和对未知生命形式的科学评估,而非个体的情绪应激反应。 第二部:星际联邦的崛起与内部分化 (24世纪 - 26世纪) 随着人类在数十个星系站稳脚跟,复杂的星际政治结构开始形成。本书的第二部分详尽描绘了联邦的建立、权力制衡的尝试,以及随之而来的意识形态冲突。 关键章节: 《中央集权与分散治理的张力》: 分析了联邦议会(设立于中立的“枢纽星系”)如何试图调和相隔数千光年殖民地之间的利益诉求。重点在于国际法、贸易协定和军事威慑的构建。 《赛博格化的浪潮:意识上传与身份重构》: 深入探讨了“数字化永生”技术的普及对社会阶层和生物学定义的冲击。书中详细对比了“纯粹有机体派”和“融合派”在核心价值上的不可调和的差异,这是一种关于存在本质的哲学辩论,而非应对压力下的行为表现。 《资源战争:奥莱恩星云的矿产之争》: 对一场持续了近百年的、涉及多个主要星区的大规模冲突进行了地缘政治学分析。战争的起因被归结为对稀有超导材料“泽塔晶体”的争夺,以及由此引发的星际同盟的破裂。 这一部分完全聚焦于宏观的政治博弈、经济体系的运作及其最终的崩溃与重组,完全避开了对个体心理状态的描述。 第三部:超越人类的界限 (27世纪至今) 最终部分将目光投向人类文明面对宇宙深层奥秘时的探索与转型。范德比尔特教授探讨了文明在达到技术饱和点后,如何转向对“维度工程”和“泛意识融合”的研究。 关键章节: 《四维观测站的建立与“幽灵信号”的解读》: 描述了人类科学家如何利用先进的物理学工具,构建能够观测更高维度结构的设施,并首次截获了来自已知宇宙之外的复杂信号。分析集中在信号的数学结构和信息熵上。 《大融合:集体心智的实验与社会代价》: 探讨了数十亿个体意识试图接入一个统一计算矩阵(“织网”)的尝试。书中详细记录了接入过程中的技术故障、数据溢出,以及由此导致的区域性社会停摆,这是一种系统性危机,而非个体精神崩溃。 《星际航道的终极:熵减与回归》: 结论部分提出了一个发人深省的理论——人类文明的最终目标或许并非无限制扩张,而是利用掌握的技术,将文明的整体结构从高熵状态逆转回一个更稳定的、信息密度极高的“奇点状态”。 风格与价值 本书的写作风格冷峻、精确,充满了严谨的术语和详尽的图表(附录中包含数百个星系图谱和技术规范)。范德比尔特教授摒弃了传统科幻小说中常见的人物驱动叙事,而是采用了一种“档案记录”和“高层报告”的口吻。读者将获得的是一份关于一个跨越千年的星际文明是如何在物理、政治和技术维度上进行自我构造与演化的百科全书式记录。它挑战了读者对于“进步”的传统认知,并提供了一个宏大尺度下,关于文明存续的纯粹技术与结构分析。 本书适合对象: 理论物理学爱好者、星际政治史研究者、以及对复杂系统工程感兴趣的读者。

作者简介

Bruce P. Dohrenwend, Ph.D., is Professor of Psychiatry and Public Health at Columbia University.

目录信息

Bruce P. Dohrenwend: Introduction
Part I: Extreme Situations
Morton Beiser: Introduction
1: Itzhak Levav: Individuals Under Conditions of Maximum Adversity: The Holocaust
2: Richard F. Mollica, Charles Poole, Svang Tor: Symptoms, Functioning and Health Problems in a Massively Traumatized Population: The Legacy of the Cambodian Tragedy
3: Terence M. Keane: Psychological Effects of Military Combat
4: Robert Giel: Natural and Human-made Disasters
Part II: Individual Events
William W. Eaton and Bruce P. Dohrenwend: Introduction
5: Cathy Spatz Widon: Childhood Victimization: Early Adversity and Subsequent Psychopathology
6: Paul J. Clayton: Model of Stress: The Bereavement Reaction
7: Stanislav B. Kasl, Eunice Rodriguez, Kathryn E. Lasch: The Impact of Unemployment on Health and Well-being
8: Daniel B. Herman, Ezra S. Susser, Elmer L. Struening: Homelessness, Stress and Psychopathology
9: Suzanne C. Ouellette: The Value and Limitations of Stress Models in HIV/AIDS
10: Dean G. Kilpatrick, Heidi S. Resnick, Benjamin E. Saunders, Connie L. Best: Rape, Other Violence Against Women, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
11: Mary Amanda Dew: Psychiatric Disorder in the Context of Physical Illness
12: Martha L. Bruce: Divorce and Psychopathology
Part III: Epidemiologic Studies
Evelyn Bromet and Bruce P. Dohrenwend: Introduction
13: Robert Kohn, Bruce P. Dohrenwend, Jerrold Mirotznik: Psychiatric Disorders in the General Population
14: Bruce P. Dohrenwend, Itzhak Levav, Patrick E. Shrout, Sharon Schwartz, Guedalia Naveh, Bruce G. Link, Andrew E. Skodol, and Anne Stuece: Ethnic Status, Socioeconomic Status, and Psychiatric Disorders: the Social Causation-Social Selection Issue
15: Naomi Breslau, Glenn Davis, Patricia Andreski, Belle Federman, James C. Anthony: PTSD and Comorbid Disorders in the General Population
16: Lee M. Robins: Exposure to "Fateful" Events: A Confounder in Assigning Causal Roles to Life Events
17: Ann Stueve, Bruce P. Dohrenwend, Andrew E. Skodol: Stressful Life Events and Episodes of Major Depression and Non-Affective Psychotic Disorders
18: George W. Brown: Loss and Depressive Disorders
Part IV: Stress Moderating and Amplifying Factors
David Mechanic: Introduction
19: Andrew E. Skodol: Personality and Coping As Stress Attentuating or Amplifying Factorss
20: A.S. Henderson: Social Support: Its Prsent Significance for Psychiatric Epidemiology
21: Bruce G. Link, Mary Clare Lennon, Bruce P. Dohrenwend: Some Characteristics of Occupations as Risk or Productive Factors
22: Mary Clare Lennon: Domestic Arrangements and Depressive Symptoms: An Examination of Housework Conditions
Part V: Complementary Approaches
Robert M. Rose: Introduction
23: Patrick E. Shrout, Bruce G. Link: Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of Stress and Adversity
24: Gary W. Kraemer, Jocelyne Bachevalier: Cognitive Changes Associated with Persisting Behavioral Effects of Early Psychosocial Stress in Rhesus Monkeys: The View From Psychobiology
25: EWllen Frank, Jordan Karp: Physiological Correlates of Stress, Adversity, and Psychopathology
26: Kenneth S. Kendler: Adversity, Stress and Psychopathology: A Psychiatric Genetic Perspective
27: Sheppard G. Kellam, Lawrence S. Mayer, George W. Rebok, Wesley E. Hawkins: Effects of Improving Achievement on Aggressive Behavior and of Improving Aggressive Behavior on Achievement Through Two Preventive Interventions: An Investigation of Causal Paths
28: Bruce P. Dohrenwend: A Perspective on Adversity, Stress and Psychopathology
Part VI: Overview and Integration
Bruce P. Dohrenwend: Introduction
29: Bruce P. Dohrenwend: Overview of Evidence for the Importance of Adverse Environmental Conditions
30: Bruce P. Dohrenwend: Theoretical Integration
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