History of the Peloponnesian War, Volume I pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載2025
Thucydides of Athens, one of the greatest of historians, was born about 471 BCE. He saw the rise of Athens to greatness under the inspired leadership of Pericles. In 430, the second year of the Peloponnesian War, he caught and survived the horrible plague which he described so graphically. Later, as general in 423 he failed to save Amphipolis from the enemy and was disgraced. He tells about this, not in volumes of self-justification, but in one sentence of his history of the war—that it befell him to be an exile for twenty years. He then lived probably on his property in Thrace, but was able to observe both sides in certain campaigns of the war, and returned to Athens after her defeat in 404. He had been composing his famous history, with its hopes and horrors, triumphs and disasters, in full detail from first-hand knowledge of his own and others.
The war was really three conflicts with one uncertain peace after the first; and Thucydides had not unified them into one account when death came sometime before 396. His history of the first conflict, 431–421, was nearly complete; Thucydides was still at work on this when the war spread to Sicily and into a conflict (415–413) likewise complete in his awful and brilliant record, though not fitted into the whole. His story of the final conflict of 413–404 breaks off (in the middle of a sentence) when dealing with the year 411. So his work was left unfinished and as a whole unrevised. Yet in brilliance of description and depth of insight this history has no superior.
- 古希臘
- Thucydides
- 古典學
- 曆史
- 修昔底德
- 新聞傳播/經濟/管理/政治/曆史/文化
- 文化/曆史/考古/地理/新經管/政法
- 政治學
Loeb Classical Library 108
具體描述
讀後感
有人说，一个国家在能够对外输出价值观之前不可能成为真正的大国。现代人往往赞叹雅典的民主政治与璀璨的文化，惋惜雅典为寡头政治下的斯巴达击败而未能将其光芒普及到全希腊。然而，真实的雅典帝国乃是建立于赤裸裸的暴力之上，关于这一点，无论是对内还是对外，坦率的雅典人...
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用戶評價
I say that our city as a whole is the school of Hellas. We live under a form of government which does not emulate the institutions of our neighbours; on the contrary, we are ourselves a model which some follow, rather than the imitators of other peoples.It is true that our government is called a democracy, because its administration is in the hands
评分I say that our city as a whole is the school of Hellas. We live under a form of government which does not emulate the institutions of our neighbours; on the contrary, we are ourselves a model which some follow, rather than the imitators of other peoples.It is true that our government is called a democracy, because its administration is in the hands
评分希臘人似乎認為，為自由而使用強力乃至暴力也都是公認的正義；為國傢的自由而抵 抗侵略當然是不言而喻的正義；這種正義甚至應該獲得一種普遍的法律形式，所以有所 謂“抵抗侵略者總是正當的這一條公認的法律”的意見。國傢的存在既然如上所述意味著所有或至少是大多數的自由公民的共同自由，意味著多數人的利益意願都是正義的。不僅是實行直接民主製、由多數人統治的雅典總是把全體人的利益視為正義。盡管後來柏拉圖等試圖從絕對的善來解釋、限定正義，但是在之前，希臘人在政治中仍然將利益作為要素引入正義範疇(雖然未經亞裏士多德式的細分)。希臘人在說服他人、他國時或為自己的行動進行辯解時，一般總是交替使用兩個尺度，即既說正義，又說利益所在，以 此為行動決策的兩大基本標準。
评分希臘人似乎認為，為自由而使用強力乃至暴力也都是公認的正義；為國傢的自由而抵 抗侵略當然是不言而喻的正義；這種正義甚至應該獲得一種普遍的法律形式，所以有所 謂“抵抗侵略者總是正當的這一條公認的法律”的意見。國傢的存在既然如上所述意味著所有或至少是大多數的自由公民的共同自由，意味著多數人的利益意願都是正義的。不僅是實行直接民主製、由多數人統治的雅典總是把全體人的利益視為正義。盡管後來柏拉圖等試圖從絕對的善來解釋、限定正義，但是在之前，希臘人在政治中仍然將利益作為要素引入正義範疇(雖然未經亞裏士多德式的細分)。希臘人在說服他人、他國時或為自己的行動進行辯解時，一般總是交替使用兩個尺度，即既說正義，又說利益所在，以 此為行動決策的兩大基本標準。
评分I say that our city as a whole is the school of Hellas. We live under a form of government which does not emulate the institutions of our neighbours; on the contrary, we are ourselves a model which some follow, rather than the imitators of other peoples.It is true that our government is called a democracy, because its administration is in the hands
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