Robert Axelrod is Professor of Political Science and Public Policy at the University of Michigan. A MacArthur Prize Fellow, he is a leading expert on game theory, artificial intelligence, evolutionary biology, mathematical modeling, and complexity theory. He lives in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Updated for the first time, the classic book on why cooperation is not only natural but also the best survival strategy The Evolution of Cooperation addresses a simple yet age-old question: If living things evolve through competition, how can cooperation ever emerge? Despite the abundant evidence of cooperation all around us, there existed no purely naturalistic answer to this question until 1979, when Robert Axelrod famously ran a computer tournament featuring a standard game-theory exercise called The Prisoner's Dilemma. To everyone's surprise, the program that won the tournament, named Tit for Tat, was not only the simplest but the most "cooperative" entrant. This unexpected victory proved that cooperation--one might even say altruism--is mathematically possible and therefore needs no hidden hand or divine agent to create and sustain it. A great roadblock to the understanding of all sorts of behavior was at last removed. The updated edition includes an extensive new chapter on cooperation in cancer cells and among terrorist organizations. "This book, if read, grasped and applied, could have a profound effect." ( Wall Street Journal ) "A fascinating, provocative, and important book." (Douglas R. Hofstadter, author of Godel, Escher, Bach )
欢迎关注我的博客:http://www.libinx.com 内容简介: 本书是行为领域的经典之作,主题是合作的产生和进化。作者以组织的两轮「重复囚徒困境」竞赛为研究对象,结果发现在两轮竞赛中胜出的都是最简单的策略「一报还一报」。这一策略简洁明晰,具有善良性、宽容性、可激怒性...
评分这本书是小众读物,没读过博弈论的人还真难看懂;上海人民出版社的第一版甚至只有5000本。我在大学有幸买了一本,一直看不懂,搁置书架多年。 有天我无意翻阅此书,发觉本书言简意赅,深刻不乏幽默,发人深醒。 人为什么会拒绝如狮虎般独自行走,而选择群居合作呢?这是个很...
评分在合作的策略中什么才具备佳的信誉,是“有求必应”还是“一诺千金”,《合作的进化》给出的解答是建立起“睚眦必报”恶棍信誉,才能获得博弈上的最大成效,频繁背叛(将对方的利益压至最低),尽可能压榨对方,获取最大收益,同时让对方明白绝对不能背叛自己,永不原谅任何背...
takeaways: niceness, forgiveness, retaliatory, clean
评分持续互利的关系的做法:being nice, retaliatory, forgiving, and clear. 四星给书,一星给启发。
评分高纬打你低纬没有脾气!博弈有啥个卵用!有美爸爸的底气再说Tit for Tat!
评分the winner always uses TIT FOR TAT and cooperation can be developed without central authority
评分"I never expected to find wisdom or hope for the future of our species in a computer game, but here it is, in Axelrod's book. Read it." —LEWIS THOMAS
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