The Evolution of Cooperation pdf epub mobi txt 电子书下载 2025

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Robert Axelrod is Professor of Political Science and Public Policy at the University of Michigan. A MacArthur Prize Fellow, he is a leading expert on game theory, artificial intelligence, evolutionary biology, mathematical modeling, and complexity theory. He lives in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

出版者:Basic Books

作者:Robert Axelrod

出品人:

页数:264

译者:

出版时间:2006-12-5

价格:USD 16.95

装帧:Paperback

isbn号码:9780465005642

丛书系列:

图书标签:

心理学
博弈论
社会学
进化心理学
英文原版
科普
管理
政治学

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Updated for the first time, the classic book on why cooperation is not only natural but also the best survival strategy The Evolution of Cooperation addresses a simple yet age-old question: If living things evolve through competition, how can cooperation ever emerge? Despite the abundant evidence of cooperation all around us, there existed no purely naturalistic answer to this question until 1979, when Robert Axelrod famously ran a computer tournament featuring a standard game-theory exercise called The Prisoner's Dilemma. To everyone's surprise, the program that won the tournament, named Tit for Tat, was not only the simplest but the most "cooperative" entrant. This unexpected victory proved that cooperation--one might even say altruism--is mathematically possible and therefore needs no hidden hand or divine agent to create and sustain it. A great roadblock to the understanding of all sorts of behavior was at last removed. The updated edition includes an extensive new chapter on cooperation in cancer cells and among terrorist organizations. "This book, if read, grasped and applied, could have a profound effect." ( Wall Street Journal ) "A fascinating, provocative, and important book." (Douglas R. Hofstadter, author of Godel, Escher, Bach )

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We are confronting various kind of social dilemmas in real life. Tension arises when individual interests conflict with collective interests, thus engendering individual rationality may lead to collective irrationality. Actually, as far back as the 17th Cen...

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这本不到200页的小书很像作者的博士学位论文，因为各个章节的编排很有我写的博士论文的样子——不是很系统，是某一个idea在各个领域的应用和延伸思考。这个idea就是：“一报还一报”（英文名Tit for Tat）这样的具有“善良性”、“可激怒性”、“宽容性”、“清晰性”的策...

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什么样的合作策略是最优策略？是最善良的策略，以德抱怨？还是最聪明的策略，机关算尽？或者干脆拒绝合作，永远的背叛？计算机模拟的实验结果的胜出策略确是“一报还一报”，也就是所谓的人不犯我，我不犯人，人若犯我，我必犯人，在尝试了各种各样复杂聪明的策略后，计算机模...

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在合作的策略中什么才具备佳的信誉，是“有求必应”还是“一诺千金”，《合作的进化》给出的解答是建立起“睚眦必报”恶棍信誉，才能获得博弈上的最大成效，频繁背叛（将对方的利益压至最低），尽可能压榨对方，获取最大收益，同时让对方明白绝对不能背叛自己，永不原谅任何背...