图书标签: 人类学 心理学 进化 语言学 语言 科普 非小说类 传播
发表于2024-11-22
Grooming, Gossip, and the Evolution of Language pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024
What a big brain we have for all the small talk we make. It's an evolutionary riddle that at long last makes sense in this intriguing book about what gossip has done for our talkative species. Psychologist Robin Dunbar looks at gossip as an instrument of social order and cohesion--much like the endless grooming with which our primate cousins tend to their social relationships. Apes and monkeys, humanity's closest kin, differ from other animals in the intensity of these relationships. All their grooming is not so much about hygiene as it is about cementing bonds, making friends, and influencing fellow primates. But for early humans, grooming as a way to social success posed a problem: given their large social groups of 150 or so, our earliest ancestors would have had to spend almost half their time grooming one another--an impossible burden. What Dunbar suggests--and his research, whether in the realm of primatology or in that of gossip, confirms--is that humans developed language to serve the same purpose, but far more efficiently. It seems there is nothing idle about chatter, which holds together a diverse, dynamic group--whether of hunter-gatherers, soldiers, or workmates. Anthropologists have long assumed that language developed in relationships among males during activities such as hunting. Dunbar's original and extremely interesting studies suggest otherwise: that language in fact evolved in response to our need to keep up to date with friends and family. We needed conversation to stay in touch, and we still need it in ways that will not be satisfied by teleconferencing, email, or any other communication technology. As Dunbar shows, the impersonal world of cyberspace will not fulfill our primordial need for face-to-face contact. From the nit-picking of chimpanzees to our chats at coffee break, from neuroscience to paleoanthropology, "Grooming, Gossip, and the Evolution of Language" offers a provocative view of what makes us human, what holds us together, and what sets us apart.
罗宾·邓巴(Robin Dunbar),进化心理学家,牛津大学教授,莫德林学院研究员。他的主要研究领域是「社会遗传学」。 已经出版的图书包括《科学的烦恼》(TheTrouble with Science),《梳毛、八卦及语言的进化》(GROOMING GOSSIP AND the EvolutionofLanguage)和《人类的故事》(The Human Story),《你需要多少朋友》(How Many Friends does one Person Need?)。他的作品被媒体誉为「带着最新研究和新成果的热气」,「强劲有力,且发人深省」。
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评分脑子放烟花
评分脑子放烟花
评分An evolutionary explanation on the (social) origin of language. An interesting attempt to connect sociality to biological discoveries.
评分脑子放烟花
之前没细读这本书的时候,曾以为作者是在高度肯定「语言」的功能,还以为语言可以完美地胜任社交。 看完后才发现,作者认为「语言」只是「梳毛」行为的「廉价替代品」。一开始并不明白这个「廉价」的意思。二刷时候发现,作者意在指出语言在社交上、在满足人类情感需求上,还有...
评分曾经有一个论断:一个人如果情商低,本质上是智商不行,因为大脑计算能力不足,无法周全考虑各种因素。 这个说法考虑了一个人作为一种系统,但没有考虑到一个人作为一种策略。 作为历史上情商低的标杆人物乔布斯,曾经多次分享他的用人策略:对于真正的A级选手,无须照顾他们的...
评分看完之后觉得很受用。 主题思想很清晰,说的是猴子们靠梳毛挠痒痒来「社交」——建立有归属感的联盟,以确保更好地获取食物,确保联盟里的个体不受外来的侵袭和骚扰。 梳毛为什么能建立联盟呢? 梳毛可以刺激内啡肽的分泌,刺激内源性鸦片物质,让猴子欲死欲仙。愿意定期花...
评分先来讲一个很有意思的人。 澳大利亚的一位很萌的畅销叔——不对,是畅销书——作家,叫布拉德里·特雷弗·格里夫(Bradley Trevor Greive)。嗯,国内引进过[他的书],很热销。 从twitter主页就可以看出,这位「叔」是位典型的老顽童。开账号没多久,twitter粉丝不多,不过从他...
评分罗宾·邓巴教授生于1947年,进化心理学家,牛津大学教授,莫德林学院研究员。他的主要研究领域是「社会遗传学」。他的作品被媒体誉为「带着最新研究和新成果的热气」,「强劲有力,且发人深省」。 邓巴教授的代表作《梳毛、八卦及语言的进化》最早出版于1996年,曾被畅销书作家...
Grooming, Gossip, and the Evolution of Language pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024